US1593698A - Cooling of coke and in apparatus therefor - Google Patents

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S. R. ILLINGWORTH COOLING 0F COKE AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR July 27 1926 ile t! 1926 6 Sheets-Sheet l July 27 ,.1926. 1,593,698

5. R. ILLINGWORTH COOLING 0F COKE AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR Filed May 22, 1926 e sheets-sheet 2 I I LI I /4 t N July 27,1926. 1,593,698

S. R. ILLINGWORTH COOLING 0F COKE AND'IN APBARATUS THEREFOR Filed May 22, 1926 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 July 27,1926. 1,593,698

S. R. ILLINGWQRTH COOLING OF COKE AND IN ABIARATUS THEREFOR Filed in 1926 a sheets-sheet 4 July 27,1926. 1,593,698

' S. R. ILLINGWORTH coomue 0F coma AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR Filed 1926 e Sheets-Sheet s July 27 1926.

s. R. ILLINGWORTH COOLING 0F COKE AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR s Sheets-Sheet 6 Filed May 22, 1926 oxidation of coke Patented July 27, 1926 UNITED STATES VPATENTYLO FFICE.

COOLING OF COKE AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR.

Application filed May 22, 1926, Serial No. 111,046, and in Great Britain November 27, 1924.

This invention relates to the cooling of coke and the drying of coal in which the sensible heat of the coke is employed to drive off the moisture in the coal, and to apparatus employed in such process.

{Joke is usually discharged from retorts in the case of low temperature fuels at about 600 C. and in the case of high temperature coke at about 900 C. The coke is usually placed in chambers to cool or is quenched with water and the heat of the coke is thereby wasted. Moreover in' the process of carbonization if Wet coal is employed the water has to be expelled at the cost of heat units supplied by the heating gases and the steam thus produced has to be condensed in a recovery plant.

One object of this invention is to utilize the sensible heat of the coke to dry coal, particularly small coal and to obviate the owing to the fact that cooling takes place in an atmosphere of steam and not in the presence of any appreciable quantity of air.

A further object of this invention is to prevent loss of cokedueto it becoming ignited if exposed to air immediately on issuing from the retort.

According to this invention wet coal is mixed with hot coke whereby the moisture in the coal is expelled, preferably a moisture content of 3% being left in the coal, which moisture content will be regulated in the fol lowing manner.

In a blend of coals such as set out in the examples given in my former British specification No. 229,323 a reduction of 10% is allowed for breeze in cutting or breaking b up the coal consequently the amount of nonbituminous coal is 10% less than that set out in the above specification.

These quantities are then measured out by measuring hoppers (such as twin hoppers shown in Figure 11 of the accompanyin drawings) and it may be assumed that the quantity of moisture in the coal is 10% to which moisture content coal normally drains.

In my British curves are given setting out the theoretical proportions in which wet coal of definite moisture content must be mixed with coal which is at a particular temperature in order g which the contents of specification No. 235,627

that the final mixture maybe perfectly dry and cool (assuming the heat transference efficiency equal to 82%), which curves may be used in the present case in view of the fact that the specific heat of coal and coke is Figure 1 is a side elevation and Figure 2 a plan showing diagrammatically intermittently working apparatus. Figure 3 is a longitudinal section of a continuously Working apparatus, and Figure 4a is a part transverse section of the same. Figure 5 is a side view of the cooling wagon and Figure 6 is an end view thereof. Figures 7 and 8 are details of one of the ends of this wagon. Figure 9 shows a modification of the cooling wagon. Figures 10 and 11 show a preferred form of the hoppers which supply the cooling wagon. Figures 12 and 13 are sections at right angles to a larger scale of the coke breaker shown in Figures 3 and 4.

With reference to Figures 1 and 2, 10 are retort hoppers beneath which 'is a feed hopper llniounted on a carriage 110 so that the feed hopper can be put into communication with either of the hoppers 10, and their corresponding retorts 12. Beneath the retorts 12 is a cooling wagon 13 mounted on a carriage 130. The cooling wagon 13 can e moved to receive the discharge from any of the retorts 12 and also beneath a measuring hopper 14 and the discharge pipe 15 from the cistern 150. When the cooling wagon is beneath the measuring hopper 14 it is also above a coke breaker 16, into the wagon are discharged at suitable times. Leading from the coke breaker 16 is an elevator 17 which discharges the coke on to a screen 18, large coke falling into. a wagon 19 'whilst the small material passes into a hopper. 20 below the screen 18. Beneath .the hopper 20 is a breaker 21 which discharges to an elevator 22 leading to a conveyor 23 which delivers the material to the hoppdrs 10. 24 is a coal truck adapted to deliver into a coal store 25, the coal from which is conveyed b an elevator 26 to a hopper 27 arranged a ove the measuring hopper 14.

J Referring .to Figures 5 to 8 the cooling wagon 13 is in the shape of a cylinder mounted on a carriage 130 arid adapted to be rotated (in this carriage a hand lever 131 turning a shaft 1310 on which is avolves wherebysteam isallowed to be dising through holes in the. 1 doors 272 of the hoppers 270 and 271 are charged through the open holes 137.

In some cases (Figure 9) the carriage 130 of the cooling wagon may be fitted with plates 139 which guide the fuel to the coke breaker 16 whilst the drive of the cooling wagon 13 is coupled to the drive of the coke .breaker 16 by a chain 160.

FigureslO and 11 show a preferred form of the hopper 27 and the measurihg hopper 14. In thls case the hopper 27 is a twi hopper 270, 271, one hopper for eaking an the other for non-cakin coal, below each of which is a measuring hopper 14. In this case a second elevator corresponding to the elevator 22 is provided. The capacity of the hopper 14 is varied by the hinged plates 140 which are held in position by pins passquadrants 141. The

operated as shown in levers 273.

When working the apparatus shown in Figures 1 and 2 with the preferred form of feed shown in Figures 10 and 11, non-caking coal or the coal having the smaller resiniccontent is dropped .into th'e cooling wagon 13 from the measurin hop er 14, water from the cistern being added i necessary and the cooling wagon 13 is then moved beneath one of the retorts 12 from which it receives hot coke. The wagon is then moved back beneath the measuring hop r14 above the breaker 16 and is revolved say twice. A caking or bituminous coal from the measuring hopper 14 is then run into the wagon 13, whic is revolved five or six times to mix and finally cool the contents. Thus the gure 10 by bell crank coal having the smaller resinic content is heated and mixed with the other coal the amount of moisture in the final blend being regulated as described above. The contents of the cooling wagon 13 are now delivered hopper livered to the hopper 37, the ca mg introduced into the drier 36 at a lower to the coke breaker or cutter 16. from which it is delivered to the elevator 17 and discharged on to the screen 18, the large fuel falling into the wagon 19 whilst the small coal and breeze passes into the hopper 20 and thence to the disintegrator 21 and is then delivered by the elevator 22 on to the conveyor 23 to the hoppers 10.

The heat supplied y low temperature coke is generally suflicient to dry the corresponding charge of coal when the moisture contained in the coal is near 10%.

The temperature at which the discharge of the coolm wagon takes place should not exceed Figures 3 and 4 show an apparatus in which the working is continuous. At the bottom of the retorts 12 is a coke breaker more particularly shown in Figures 12 and 13 in which a frame 28 having spaced members 280 is reciprocated b toggle arms 29 and 30 actuated by a handle 31. Below the reciprocating frame 28 is a fixed frame 32 having spaced members 320. The spaced members 280 coincide with the walls of the retorts when the frame is in the position shown in Figpre 13 and the members 320 are midway tween the members 280. It will be seen that when the frame 28 is in the position shown in Figure 13 the large 320 and these are fractured by the members 280 as the frame 28 is reciprocated.

Referring back to Figures 3 and 4, beneath the coke breaker is a closed chamber 33 in which is a conve or 34 by which the coke is delivered to a chute 35 and thence to a drier 36 which is rotated by means of a shaft 360 and toothed wheel 361. 37 is a wet coal which delivers coal to a tray 370 which is continuously shaken by means of an eccentric 371. 38-is a sieve conveyor u n which the dried fuel is delivered. e lar er fuel proceeds along the sieve and is delivered to another conveyor 39 and from thence to a wagon. The smaller coal and breeze is conveyed by a conve storage bin. It will be seen t coke after being broken to a suitable size is delivered by the conveyor 34 to. the chute 35 where it mingles with the hopper 37 and both enter the drier 36 whence it is delivered to the conveyor sieve 38, the large part proceeding to the conveyor 39 and the smaller to the conveyor 40. In some cases, only wet-non-caking coal is deing coal beat the hot point where the temperature is between 200 and 300 C.

the wet coal from or"40 to a It will be .seen that the mixed coals toether with the breezefro'mthe retorts and rom the breaking or passed .to the hopper 20, the amount of bituminous coal being so adjusted that the cutting mechamsm are 7 pieces of coke are supported by the members mixture in the hopper 20 has 5% of resinic matter.

What I claim is 1. In a process for coolinghot coke from a coking retort, the step of mixin the hot coke immediately after it comes rem the retort with wet'coal to cool the coke.

not less than 2. A process for cooling coke which com prises adding wet fine coal to hot coke,

thoroughly mixing the same to cool the coke, and separating all coke of a definite size from the mixture.

3. A process for cooling coke which oomprises adding wet fine coal to hot coke,

15 thoroughly mixing the same to cool the coke,

grinding the mixture and separating the coke above a definite size from the mixture. 4. Apparatus for cooling coke as soon as withdrawn "from a retort which comprises a mixer adapted to receive sald coke, means for deliverlng wet coal to said mixer, grinding means adapted to receive the mixture.

from the mixexyand means for receiving the ground mixture from the grinder for separating the coke from the coal and resultant breeze.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name this 3rd da of May 1926.

ST WART hoY ILLINGWORTH.

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