US1586234A - Surface condenser - Google Patents

Description

May 25, 1926.

P. BANCEL SURFACE CONDENSER Filed Jan. 8, 1926 2 Sheets-rSheet l HQ IVIIIII gag,

INVENTOR HIS ATTORN May 25 1926.

P. A. BANCEL SURFACE CONDENSER Filed Jan. 8, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 & INVENTOR A OOOOOOOO oooooooooo Q oooooooo INF OOO Patented May 25, 1926.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

PAUL A. BANCEL, OE NUTLEY, NEW JERSEY,

PANY, 0F JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY, A

ASSIGNOR TO INGEBSOLL-BAND COM- CORPORATION' OF NEW JERSEY.

SURFACE CONDENSER.

I Application filed January This invention relates to condensers, but

I more particularly to a surface condenser utilized for obtaining tion of steam and from uncondensable gases immediately; to the evacuation of such gases from t denser.

complete condensafor absorbing useful heat prior e con- The objects of the invention are to construct a hi hly eflic-ient which will condensing unit be economic in operation an which will occupy a minimum of floor space.

Other objects will appear hereinafter. The invention consists of the combinations of elements, and

features of construction having the general mode of operation substantially as hereinafter descrlbed and more in the appended particularly pointed out claims and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a transverse section of a condenser, taken through Figure 2 on the line 1-1 looking in the directi Figure 2 1s a side view condenser, partly the manner in which cold on of the arrows, in elevation of a broken away, illustrating condensate is removed from the bottom of the condenser and returned to said condenser to be converted into spray for cooling unconden'sable gases,

' Figure 3 is a transverse section of a surface condenser showing a modification of the invention, taken through line 3-3 looking in the arrows, to an external Figure 4 on the direction of the in which cold condensate is supphe devaporizer for obtaining complete condensation of vapor and for cooling the uncondensable gases, and

Figure 4 is a side view in elevation and partly in section takenrthrough Figure 3 on the line 4.-& looking in arrows.

Referrin casing havmg a the direction of the to thedrawings,.-A indicates a steam inlet B atits top to which is secured a connection 0 for conducting steam from an engine Secured to one end of the to the condenser. casing A is a water head nection E through which suitable source of supply into said water head. To of the casing A is secured F having a dischar'ge'o connected a pipe (not shown) D having a conwater from any maybe admitted the opposite end a' discharge head ening G which may as am) U leading to a pump a, 1926. semi No. 80,006.

conveying water from the condenser. In this instance tube sheets H are clamped between the headsD and F and theends of the casing and support at their upper portions a plurality of tubes J arranged longitudinally through the casing A to convey water, in this instance from the head D to the head F. The tubes J constitute a con- (lensing zone and are preferably arranged in rows and in staggered forr'nation so that a maximum cooling area may be presented to the in-fiowing steam from the connection C. i

Inaccordance with the present invention a weir K is arranged longitudinally through the casing and along the bottom thereof to form a pair of condensate receiver compartments L and O. The compartment L in this instance is intended to. receive hot co1idensate and is provided with an outlet open ing P registering with a connection Q, which leads to a pump R by which means the condensate from the compartment-L maybe returned to the boilers or may be otherwise disposed of. Within the compartment 0 are arranged rows of closely nested tubes S whieh, like the tubes J, are supported by the tube sheets H and are adapted to convey water from the head D to the head F for cooling the condensate collected in the compartment O. An aperture T in the compartment 0 serves as an outlet for the cold condensate and is provided with a connection V. The pump V in this instance is provided with a discharge pipe W leading to the casing A and connected thereto in any suitable manner.

Arranged longitudinally along one side of the casing A is a pipe X to which are connected a plurality of transversely extending pipes 'Y provided with downwardly extendingdischarge nozzles Z. The free ends of the pipes Y are preferably. closed by suitable caps b. The pipes Y may be supported in any suitable manner either by a row of tubes J or by separate supporting means. A passage 0 in the casin A afiords com munication between the ischarge pipe W and the pipe X. The pi es Y are spaced sufliciently far apart so t at they will not interfere with the penetration of the steam and gases through the condenser. In this instance only asingle row of nozzles Z is shown on each pipe, but if found desirable two or more rows of nozzles be formed on the pipes Y. .In such case the nozzles may be inclined to cause the spray issuing from adjacent pipes to converge, and thus cover the entire lower portion of the casing A with; a sheet of spray through which the steam and gases will have to pass in their downward course through the condenser.

To the end that the heat in the uncon densable gases may be removed therefrom prior to the evacuation of such gases from the condenser, an air cooling zone at is in this instance formed between the tubes J and the compartments L and O and comprise a ser1es of angular rods 0 arranged longitudinally through the casing A in rows, and preferably in staggered formation. The rods 6 may be of wood or other suitable material and are preferably triangular in shape. In thisinstance the rods e are so arranged that one side faces the nozzles Z. In this way narrow spaces 7 are formed between adjacent rods so that the air during its passage between the rods will be concentrated. By this arrangement of the rods e, the condensate issuing from the nozzles Z will strike against the top. surface of said rods and will be still further broken up to intermingle with the hot gases.

Adjacent the Weir K and preferably 1ntermediate the ends of the casing A is formed an outlet opening 9 through which the uncondensable gases may be drawn by any suitable and convenient means, as for instance a vacuum pump or a steamqet. The outlet 9 preferably extends above the maximum height to which the condensate in the compartment L may rise so that no condensate will be drawn into said outlet opening. A cover or baflle h is in this instance arranged over the top of the outlet opening 9 to prevent condensate from \dripping into said opening.

By means of this invention a considerable economy is effected, since instead of utilizing water from an exterior source for spraying purposes, a portion of the condensate is cooled and returned in the form of spray and because of this for cooling condensate requires less water than would be required to supply the spray nozzles Z.

. A desirable advantage of this invention is that complete condensation may be obtained by means of the spray formed by the nozzles Z and the rods 6. By thus bringing the uncondensable gases into intimate contact with the comparatively cold condensate immediately prior to the evacuation of such gases from the condenser, the volume of the gases will be greatly reduced. This consequently will increase the efliciency of the gas evacuating means, and the heat from the gases will be transferred to the spray which also will efiect a considerable saving in fuel fact the means employed since all of the condensate interce ted by the compartment L will be returne to the boilers.

In the modificationv illustrated in Figures 3 and 4, the entire interior of the casing A comprises a condensing zone provided with the tubes J arranged in rows as described in connection with the preferred modifibation. In the bottom of the casing A is formed a condensate outlet is which registors with a pipe 0 leading to a pump p by which means the condensate is removed from the casing.

In the present instance a devaporizer 9, preferably of pyramidal form, is arranged exterior of the casing A and communicates with the interior of said casing through a a connection 1- leading to the condensate outlet k. The top of the deva orizer q terminates in an outlets through which uncondensable gases may be drawn by a vacuum pump or other suitable evacuating means.

In this instance the lowermost portion of the devaporizer g is in communication with -:a circulating pump t through a pipe u. A

pipe 2; forms a connectionbetween the pipe w and a discharge pipe u on the pump p, and has a valve m whereby the flow of condensate from the pipe w to the pipe u may be controlled. t

In this modification as in the preferred modification, cold condensatev is the medium employed for spraying or cooling the uncondensable gases. After the pump 32 hasbeen set in operation a portionof the condensate discharged through the pipe w may be'bypassed into the pipe u. The condensate thus admitted to the pipe at will be discharged by the pump 23 through a dischar e pipe 3 into a cooler z. The cooler a may e of any well known type through which water from a suitable source of supply may circulate,- as around a coil or rows of tubes gnot shown) through an inlet connection 2 an an outlet 3.

Connected to the top of the cooler z is a pipe 4 which leads to the devaporizer 9. Within the devaporizer g are arranged pipes ,5 and 6. The pipe 6 in this instance carries rows of nozzles 7 on its upper side,

single row of nozzles is formed on each pipe and the nozzles are directed upwardly toward the outlet opening 8.

At the time that the condenser is first set 3:

in operation, suflicientocondensate may be by-passed from the discharge-pipe w to fill the pipe u, the pum t, the cooler a and the pipe/i. The con ensate thus by-passed 7 may then be caused to circulate by means of pipes 5, although in this 1 the pump it. Since at times not all of the steam passing through the casing A will be condensed, a portion thereof, together with the uncondensable gases will pass into the devaporizer q and there, by its intimate contact With the spray issuing from the nozzles 7, will be condensed. Obviously such condensation in the devaporizer Q will increase the quantity of the cooling water, and any such additional condensate may be returned to the outlet opening is. In order to at all times insure a constant quantity of spraying liquid in the parts comprising the spraying element, a weir 9 may be formed in the connection 1".

If in case a greater quantity of condensate should be collected in the spraying system than is required for immediate spraying purposes a portion thereof may be bypassed to the top of the casing A. To this end a pipe 10 connects the discharge pipe y with the top of said casing and is provided with a valve 12 whereby the flow of the by-passed condensate may be regulated. If

desired, a gauge glass 13 may be connected near the topaof the pipe In this way the attendant may at all times know the approximate amount of water in the pipe u and associated parts which form the spraying system.

I claim:

1. A surface condenser comprising a casing having an inlet at the top for steam and uncondensable gases, a condensing element in the form of rows, of tubes for conveying cooling liquid, a cooling element in the form of rows of tubes for cooling the condensate, means for circulating cold condensate from the cooling element to the condensing element, and rods for converting the condensate into spray for cooling air and gases during their passage between the rods.

2. A surface condenser comprising a casing having an inlet at the top for steam and uncondensable gases, a condensing element in the form of rows of tubes in the 10p of the casing, a cooling element in the form of rows of tubes in the bottom of the casing for cooling condensate, means for circulating cold condensate from the cooling element to the condensing element, and rods between the condensing and cool ing elements to diifuse cold condensate for cooling air and gases during their passage between the rods.

3. A surface condenser comprising a casing having an inlet at the top for steam and uncondensable gases, a condensing element in the form of rows of tubes in the top of the casing, a cooling element in the form of rows of tubes in the bottom of the casing for cooling condensate, means including pipes and a pump for circulating cold condensate from the cooling element to the condensing element, pipes arranged transversely through the casng to receive the cold condensate, nozzles in the transverse pipes for discharging the condensate downwardly through the casing, and rods to receive the condensate from the nozzles and to break up such condensate to form a spray for cooling air and gases during their passage between the rods. y

4. A surface condenser comprising a casing having an inlet at the top for steam and an outlet at the bottom for uncondensable gases, a condensing element in the form of rows of tubes in the top of the casing, a weir extending longitudinally through the casing forming a pair of compartments for receiving condensate from the condensing element, a cooling element in the form of rows of tubes in one compartment for cooling a portion of the condensate, means including pipes and a pump for circulating cold condensate from the cooling element to the condensing element, pipes extending transversely through the casing to receive the cold condensate, nozzles in the transverse pipes for discharging the condensate downwardly through the casing, and rods to receive the condensate from the nozzles and to break up such condensate to form a spray for cooling air and gases during their passage between the rods.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification.

PAUL A. BANGEL.

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