US1584721A - Grinder - Google Patents

Description

May 18 1926. 1,584,721

J, -BLAND l GRI NDER Filed Dec. 1o. 1924 2 sheets-sheetA 1 May 1s, 192s. 1,584,721 J. BLAND GRINDER Filed Dec. l0, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 /13/ lig?. 3 44 A AttoT'nqy/S Patented May 18, 1926.

PATENT" OFFICE.

JOHN BLAND, 0F CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

GRINDER.

Application lied December 10, 1924. Serial No. 754,892.

'This invention relates to a machine and process of grinding. One object of the invention is to provide a machine which will grind and break up mica and other similar laminated material. Another object is to provide a means for mechanically bending mica or other laminated material to break the same, into as thin sections'as possible. Other objects will appear from time to time throughout the specification andclaims.

My invention is illustrated vlmore or less diagrammatically in `the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Figure l is a plan view with parts 'in section;

Figure 2 is a side elevation;

Figure 3 is a transverse vertical cross section on line 3 3 of Figure 2 on an enlarged scale; y

Figure l is a longitudinal verticalcross section on line l-a of Figure 3 on a further enlarged scale.

Likey parts are designated by like charac-l ters throughout. y A is a foundation which preferably has twoor more raised cross members A1 A1.

Resting upon this foundation are the grinding members proper. In the form here shown the grinding members consist of six superimposed generally horizontal perforated and slotted plates. rPhe bottom plate B is the thinnest of all of the plates and rests upon the members A1 and is perforated,l

and through the perforations it engages the vertical posts B1. These posts are braced yby lateral bracing members B2 which are secured to the foundation A1 by means of bolts B2. The plate B is provided in its upper face with a plurality of grooves or slots C. These slots extend approximately across the plates but are not parallel to the ends of the plates, that is they do not run at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the plate. The

plate is further provided with perforations C1. These perforations are wider than the slots but lie in them so that in e'ect the slot runs from yperforation to perforation across the face of the plate.

D D are rollers mounted upon the vertical posts B1. One of the rollers as shown in Figure 3 rests immediately upon the upper surface of the .plate B.

E is a second plate. It lies upon and 5 moves over the plate B. It is provided in its upper face with a se-ries of grooves E1 similar to the grooves C. In its lower surface it is provided with a series of grooves E2 similar to the grooves E1. The grooves E2 are, however, not parallel to the grooves C in the plate B, and thus the plates do not lock and the grooves or slots do not engage as the plates move with relation to each other. The plate E'has a plurality of perforations E3 which communicate with the slots E1 E2. rIhe outer edges of the plate E` engage the lower rollers D.

F is a third plate resting upon the plate E and provided in its upper surface with slots F1 and in its lower surface with slotsI F2, and having perforations F3. It is perforated at its edges and engages and is secured by the vertical members B1.

G is a fourth plate resting upon the upper surface of the plate F and having grooves G1 in its upper surface, and a series of grooves G2 in its lower surface and perforations G3. It rests upon the plate F in the same manner as each of the other plates rests upon the one below it, and the grooves in its lower face are not parallel with the grooves in the upper face' of the plate F so that the two do not lock.y

II is a fifth plate resting on the plate G,

It has grooves H1 in the upper face, H2

in its lower face and perforations H3.

I is a sixth plate having grooves I1, grooves I2 and perforations I3.

The plates increase inv thickness from bottom upward, each successive plate being somewhat thicker than the one below it, although this is not an absolutely essential feature and for some purposes might be departed from. The perforations through the plates also preferably decrease progressively in size from top to bottom, the largest perforations being in the top plate and the smallest in the bottom plate, and correspondingly therefore the depth of the groove is. preferably increased from the bottom up so that'the widest and deepest grooves are in the top plate and the narrowest and shallowest grooves being in the bottom plate.

J J are braces which rest upon the top and uppermost plate in a position not parallel to the grooves in the top of the upper plate and serving in combination with the grooves in the upper plate initially to break and grind material fed to the machine.

' Each of the vplates E, G and I engages at its outer edge the rollers D. 'K K are longitudinal braces to which the cross braces J are secured. Each of the plates E, Gr and I is secured to a hook L which is jointed to a piston member L1 carrying a piston head L2. This latter' is mounted within a cylinder M which carries on its one end a piston rod M1 which in turn carries a piston head M2. This piston head M2 is mounted within a steam chest or cylinder M3 carried on a foundation A. M'i M5 are steam or other fluid connections by means of which pressure may be alternately applied to one side or the other of the piston M2. N is a helical spring about the member L within the cylinder M and N1 is a similar spring located within the cylinder M bearing at one end against the piston head L2 and at the other against the closed end of the cylinder M. The spring connection permits a certain amount of yielding as the parts are moved and thus avoid undue strain and breakages.

Although I have shown an operative device, still it will be obvious that many changes will be made in size, shape and arrangement of parts without departing materially from the spirit of my invention; and I wish therefore, that my showing be taken as in a sense diagrammatic.

lVhile I have shown the plates as being of decreasing thickness from top downward, the thickest being at the top and the thinnest at the bottom; it is not an essential feat-ure of the invention and the invention is not limited to this construction. The plates might be all of one thickness or the moving plates might be of one thickness and the stationary plates of another thickness, or the thickness of the plates might be graduated differently.

The use and operation of my invention are as follows:

lVhen material is to be ground the alternate plates are moved with relation to each other. In the form here shown the bottom plate is stationary. Counting from the bottom the second, fourth and sixth plates are moving. These plates are fastened together and are moved in and out. The first, third and fifth plates remain stationary. Thus the grooves and perforations in alternate plates pass and repass each other as the plates are reciprocated in and out.

Material to be crushed is placed upon the upper plate and falls between the bars. Then as the plates are moved the grooves in the upper plate move with relation to the fixed plates. Some of the material is caughtin these grooves and is forced against the bars and is thus crushed and broken and some of it then passes down through the perforations in the upper plate to t-he space between the upper and lower plate and lies partly in the grooves in the bottom of the lower p late and partly in the grooves in the top of the upper plate. Relative movement of these two plates repeats the action, that is to say, a piece of material will be caught on one edge in the groove of the lower plate and on the other edge in the groove of the upper plate. As the two move toward each other the material will be crushed and broken and will be further reduced in size and will pass downward through the perforations in the second plate, and so on from plate to plate, each time broken and reduced in size and each time after being once broken passing through the perforations to a lower plate, and so finally until it passes to the bottom plate and through it into a receiving device, having been reduced in size.

particular feature of importance of this invention is that it is designed to operate upon laminated material, and particularly upon mica. This is a material which it is very dii'iicult to crush and which must be bent to reduce it to the thinnest possible size. Ii, can with diiiculty be crushed, but it can be cut and sheared, but when so treated, if nothing further is done, it does not become reduced to its finest possible size. In order to reduce the pieces of mica to their thinnest possible dimension it is necessary to bend them. rThe laminations are thus separated and the mica is reduced to a very much smaller size than is possible where bending does not take place. rTherefore one of the most importa-nt features of this inventinn is that the mica is bent and bent again and again. Initially, of course, at the top of the machine comparatively large. sheets of mica are thrown in, one edge of the sheet cathing in the perforations in the upper plate, its other edge striking against one of the upper bars, and then as the plate continues to move the pieces of mica will be bent and the laminations to some extent separated. All of the mica on the top of the inachine is treated this way until it has been reduced after succesive bendings to a sutilcient size to pass through the perforations in the upper plate, and then it comes downward and the same successive bendiugs take place. In this way one edge of the piece will catch in a groove of the lower plate and another edge of the same piece will catch in the grooves of the upper plate, and as the two move together the piece of mica will be bent. This continued bending and reliending and consequent separation of the iaminations of material takes place, and of course there is associated with thi. bending action a certain amount of grinding and crushing and breaking so that the pieces of mica are not only reduced in thickne. are reduced in other dimensions. Thi mica is split by bending and to some extent sheared and cut and broken and conscquent y reduced toan extremely small size.

Another feature of importance is the lubrication of the machine. As particles `of Aare separated from each other by the mica,

Which lies betweentheir contacting faces and 'they are lubricated by this mica. Thus the material as it is crushed bent and broken furnished its own lubricant for the machine and 'prevents undue wear and friction of the parts.

I claim:

l. In a grinder, a plurality of plates one resting on the other, said plates having grooves in their contacting faces, there being perforations through the plates, and means for reciprocating one ofthem.

2. In a grinder, a plurality of plates, one resting upon the other, said plates having grooves in their contacting faces, the grooves running generally diagonally across the plates, the grooves in one plate being at an angle to the grooves in the contacting 'face of the other plate, there being perforations through the plates, and means for reciproeating one of them.

3. In a grinder, a plurality of plates, one resting upon the other, said plates having grooves in their contacting faces, the grooves running generally diagonally across the plates, the grooves in one plate being at an angle to the grooves in the contacting face of the other plate, there being perforations through the plates, and means for reciprocating alternate plates in unison.

Il. In a grinder, a plurality of plates one resting on the other', said plates having grooves in their contacting faces, there being perforations through the plates, and means for reciprocating alternate plates in unison.

5. In a grinder, a plurality of plates, one resting upon the other, said plates having grooves in their contacting faces, the grooves running generally diagonally across the plates, the contacting sets of grooves meeting at an angle to each other, there being perforations through the plates, and means for reciprocating one of them.

.6. Ina grinder, a plurality of plates, one resting upon the other, said plates having grooves in their contacting faces, the grooves running generally diagonally across the.

` plates, the contacting sets of grooves meeting at an angle to each other, there being perforations through the plates, and means for reciprocating alternate plates in unison.

7- In a. grinder, a plurality of plates, one resting upon the other, said plates having grooves in their contacting faces, the grooves running generally diagonally across the plates, the grooves in one plate being at an angle to the grooves in thev contacting face of the other plate, there being perforations through the plates, and means for reciproeating alternate plates in unison, the plates progressively decreasing in thickness from top tobottom, the thickest plate being at the top and the thinnest plate being at the bottom. f

8. In a grinder, a plurality of plates, one resting upon theo-ther, said plates having grooves in their contacting faces, the grooves running generally diagonally across the plates, the contacting sets of grooves meeting at an angle to each other, there being perforations through the plates, and means for reciprocating one of them, the plates progressively decreasing in thickness from top to bottom, the thickest plate being at the top and the thinnest plate being at the bottom.

9. In a grinder, a pluraliy vof plates, one resting upon the other, said plates having grooves in their contacting faces, the grooves running generally diagonally across the plates, the contacting sets of grooves meeting at an angle to each other, there being perforations through the plates, and means for reciprocating alternate plates in unison, f`

the plates progressively decreasing in thickness from top to bottom, the thickest plate being at the top and the thinnest plate being at the bottom. l

l0. In a grinder, a plurality of plates, one resting upon the other, said plates having grooves in their contacting faces, the grooves running generally diagonally across the plates, the grooves in one plate being at an angle to the grooves in the contacting face of the other plate, lthere being perforations through the plates, and means for reciprocating alternate plates in unison, the grooves in the lower plates being smaller than the grooves in the upper plates, the smallest grooves being in the bottom plate and the largest grooves being in the top plate.

ll. In a grinder, a plurality of plates, one resting upon the other, said `plates having grooves in their contacting faces, the grooves running generally diagonally across the plates, the contacting sets of grooves meeling at an angle to each other, there being perforations through the plates, and means for reciprocating one of them, the grooves l in the lower plates being smaller than the grooves in the upper plates, the smallest grooves` being in the bottom plate and the largest grooves being in the top plate.

12. In a grinder, a plurality of plates, one i resting upon the other, said plates having grooves in their contacting faces, the grooves ruiming generally diagonally kacross .the plates, the contacting sets of grooves meeting at an angle to each other, there being perforations through the plates, and means for reciprocating alternate plates in unison, the grooves in the lower plates being smaller than the grooves in theupper plates, the wo smallest grooves being in the bottom plate and the largest grooves being in the top plate.

13. In a grinder, a plurality ot plates, one resting upon the other, said plates having grooves in their contacting faces, the grooves running generally diagonally across the plates, the grooves in one plate being at an angle to the grooves in the contact-ing face of the other plate, there being perforations through the plates, and means for reciproeating alternate plates in unison, the pericorations decreasing in size downwardly, the largest perforations being in the. top plate, and the smallest perforations being in the bottom plate.

14. In a. grinder, a plurality of plates, one resting upon the other, said plates having grooves in their contacting faces, the grooves running generally diagonally across the plates, the contacting sets or" grooves meeting at an angle to each other, there being perforations through the plates, and means for reciprocating one of them, the perforations d creasing in size downwardly, the large perfor-ations being in the top plate and the. smallest pertorations being in the bottom plate- 15. In a grinder, a plurality of plates, one resting upon the other, said plates having grooves in their contacting faces, the grooves running generally diagonally across the plates, the contacting sets of grooves meeting at an angle to each other, there being perforations through the plates, and means for reciprocating alternate plates in unison, the per'torations decreasing in size down wardly, the largest perforations being in the top plate, and the smallest perforations being in the bottom plate.

1G. In a grinding apparatus, a plurality ot superimposed plates, each plate having on its contacting surfaces grooves and periorations passing through the plates in line with the grooves, the thickness of the plates, the size ot the grooves and the size ot the pert'orations being graduated, the smallest oteach at the bottom, the largest ot each at the top, and means for reciprocating in unison alternate plates.

17. In a grinding apparatus, a plurality of superimposed plates, each plate having on its contacting surfaces grooves and perforations passing through the plates in line with the grooves, and of greater width, the thickness ot the plates, the size of the grooves and the size of the pertorations being graduated, the smallest of each at the bottom, the largest ot each at the top, and means for reciprocating in unison alternate plates.

18. In a .grinding apparatus, a plurality of superimposed generally horizontal metal plates, each plate having on its contacting surfaces grooves and perfora'tions passing through the plates in line with the grooves and ot greater width, the thickness of the plates, the size ot the grooves and the size oi the perforations being graduated, the smallest oi each at the bottom, the largest of each at the top, and means tor reciprocating in unison alternate plates.

19` In a grinder, a plurality of generally horizontal plates ot metal, each of said plates having grooves in its upper and lower surface, the grooves running generally diagonally across the plates, there being perforations through he plates in liz e with the grooves, ot greater width than the grooves, the plates decreasing in size trom top to bottom oi the grinder, the grooves decreasing in width from top to bottom, and the size ot the pertorations decreasing i'rom top to bottom, and means tor reciprocating alternate plates in unison, and bars diagonallyv across and above the upper plate, the bars resting on the top plate, and each plate resting upon the one beneath it.

20. In a grinder, a plurality of plates, ol greater width than the grooves, one resting on the other, said plates having grooves in their contacting 'lat-es, there being perforations through the plates, and means for rcciprocating one ot them.

221. In a grinder adapted to reduce laminated material means for engaging the material to bend it to separate the laminations, said means including a plurality o' plates, one resting on the other, said plates having material engaging grooves in their contacting faces, there being perlorations through the plates through which the mate` rial acted upon may tall to successive plates, and inc-ans tor reciprocating alternate plates 1n unison.

22. In a grinder adapted to reduce laminated material means for successively engaging the material to bend it to separate the lan'iinations, said means including a plurality ot plates, one resting on the other, said plates having' material engaging grooves in their contacting faces, there being pertorations through the plates through which the material acted upon may 'fall to successive patesand means for reciprocating alternate plates in unison.

In a grinder adapted to reduce laminated material means tor successively engaging the material to bend it to separate the laminations, said means including a plurality ot plates, one. resting on the other, said plates having material engaging grooves in their contacting faces, there being periorations through the plates through which the material acted upon may tall to successive plates and means 'for reciprocating alternate plates in unison, the plates progressively decreasing in size downwardly, the largest plate being at the top and the smallest one at the bottom.

2l. In a grinder adapted to reduce laminated material means for successively engaging the material to bend it to separate the laminations, said means including a plurality of plates, one resting on the other, said plates having material engaging grooves in their contacting faces, there being perforations through the plates through which the material acted upon may fall to successive plates and means for reciprocating alternate plates in unison, the thickness of the plates, size oi. the grooves and pei-iterations progressively decreasing, the smallest of each being at the bottom and the largest of each at the top.

25. The process of breaking up laminated material which consists in engaging edges of a. piece of such material and i'orcing the two towards each other to cause bending and splitting.

26. The process of breaking up laminated material which consists in repeatedly engaging edges of a piece oit' such material and Jforcing the two towards each other to cause bending and splitting.

27. The process of breaking up laminated material which consists in engaging edges of a piece of such material and forcing the two towards each other to cause bending and splitting and passing such partiall separated pieces downward through a p urality repeating the bending operation 1n such zones by engaging the edges of a piece of such material and forcing the two towards each other. f

29. In a grinder adapted to reduce laminated material means for engaging edges of said material and 'for moving such edges together to bend and to separate the laminations.

30. In a grinder adapted to reduce laminated material means for successively engaging edges of said material and for moving such edges together to bend and to separate the laminations.

Signed at Chicago county of Cook and State of Illinois, this 19th day of November 1924i. i

JOHN BLAND.`

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