US1583573A - Process for the production of fuel mixtures - Google Patents

Description

Mai 4 1926.

Filed Dec. 21

T H BUTLER ET AL PRQCESS FOR THE} -PRODUCTION 9F FUEL MIXTURES D nu Bureau, HERBERT VVILLIAM ROBINSON, and

Patented 4,- 1926.

' T UN ITED TATE Tnonms nowan'n Burma, 3mm, nnnnnmewmnmx'nonrasomor oinoeun-Y momnann, AND zonmc WILLIAM emma, cr am/menu, ERGLANID.

anoonss' FOR man 'rsonuciiirofior rnnn f Tn'nZ'Zwizcm'it-ona-y ran-cam: Be it ltnown that We, 'THOMAS HOWARD Demo lvnmmir Panties. British subjects, and residents of Br stol, England; C-le'obury Mortimer, England, and-Birmingham England, have invented a certain new a-nduseful Improved "Process -for the Production of specification. This invention relates to the production of' fuels containing coal tar pitch, and-fuel .oil of petroleum or aspha'ltic origin. The fuel value of pitch has been, of course, al. ready, recognized. and attempts have been made to blend'p'itch with, fuel oils such as petroleum. 'When pitch is blended with fuel oil of .the above kinds there is a tendency for they bitumen to separateout and to carry with it the free carbon. A process has been devised as set forth, in UnitedStates Patent No. 1,567,235 dated December 29th, 1925,

- according to which fuel oil is stirred into pitch whichis above its melting point dur ng the process.

' naintained substantially Such a 'ITll YiZHI'O remains homogeneous as longas it is maintained above certain temperatures. If pitch and fuel oil be mixed in-certain"proportions which depend upon "the kind of fuel oil and also the gradeof coal tar pitch, mixtures may be obtained which are homogeneous'at all temperatures. It is, however, practically impossible in practice to determine accurately the necessary proportions It is the object of the present invention to produce a pitch and fuel oil mixture in such a condition that it will remain as a homogeneous mixture at all temperatures with: certainty -'and can,

therefore, be used as a liquid fuel, although have to be. melted for.

in some cases 11; n'lay Ac'cord'ng' to the present invention, a fuel mixture is obtained by distilling coal tar together with tie origin. The distillation of'snch coal tar and petroleun'l residuul'n may be carried out with or without the use of steam or.vacuum or both. The proportions of the materials taken and the point to which the distillation is carried have no efliect on the permanent homogeneity of the mixture obtained.

I The specific gravity of the cresotcf fraction of the distillate is usually less than that of Fuel Mixtures, of which the following is'a I i which the distillation is carried. -The fact vMexican fuel oil hav p of 0.950 and 15 per cent ofthe fuel 'oil disfuel oil. of petroleum or asphal np n a a area December 21, 1925; semi mi. 1am.

' creosote obtained coal. at; i in the 51 151 Way, but the specific ig ravit-y may be. raised 'hyincre a'sing,..the proportion of, coalta-r 1n the original mixture to be distilled. Residues from such-a distillation process may be'of anyvitjicositypthatis to say-niay vary from the liquid condition to the solid conv ditiou depending upon the proportions of the startinginaterialsand the extent to is thatthe' distillation process'has tl\e 'etlect ofautomatically adjusting'ftheratio of the;

amounts of the pitch and the fueloil in the residue to ensure that that ratioiscorrect to enable the mixture to remain homogeneous at all temperatures, Further, petroleum re'-.

siduunrmay be added to such'residu'es butthe'products obtained ,are then" not homo geneous at "all. temperatures, but generally 1 speaking, they; have a batter range of sta bility than mixtures obtained 'byflmixing coal-tar pitch'dircctly withTpetroleuni re siduul'n. i

Some. embodiments ofthe present invention, will; now be described with reference to the accompanying drawing which is :1 diagrammatic side elevation-of an apparatus Wliichmay employed in carrying out the novel process.

In'that di'awingpA' is the st'illmounted in brickwork B, and heated by means of the The vapours are :cou-

employed when it" is desired to carry out the distillation under vacuum.

The-following examples of the novel process may-he c'itcd. ,parts by weight. of coke/oven tar and diartshy weight of i ng a specific gravity tilling, oli up. to a temperature of 300 'de-I grccs C. are-distilled 'up'to a temperature of 370 degrees'C. until parts by weight ol" distillate are obtained; The residue ob v taine'd is homogeneous at all' temperatures and is liquid'below 100 degrees C.

According to another example, 100 parts by Weight of the samecoke o'ven tar and 60 parts by weight of the same fuel oil are dis tilled at 370 degrees C. until 60 parts. of the I distillate are taken off. The residue is solid parts by Weight of the same coke oven tar late are taken oli'.

at normal air temperature and has abright conchoidal fracture. 'It is liquid below 125.

degrees C. and is perfectly homogeneous at all temperatures.

According to yet another example, 500

and 125 parts by weight of the same fuel oil are subjected'to steam distillation until 260,

parts by weight of distillate, are taken off.

The creosote: fraction of the distillate amounts'to 0.48 litres per-kilogram of the original coke oven tar taken.

is homogeneous at all temperatures. The

residue may be mixed with a ceitai'n' amount' of fuel oil of the same quality, for example, 71 parts by eight of the residue with 29 parts by Weight of the fuel oil. The resulting product is homogeneous down to .150 de- V grees (l, but below this temperature becomes grainy, but no bituminous matter actually separates out.

According to a fourth example, 500 parts by weight of the same coke oven tar and 75 parts by weight of the same fuel oil are subjected to steam distillation until 242 parts of distillate are taken off- In this case the creosote fraction amounts to 0.41:2-litres per kilogram of the original tar. The residue again is entirely homogeneous at all temperatures. It may be mixed with fuel oil of the same quality in the proportions of 62 parts by weight of the homogeneous mixture to 38 parts by weight of the fuel oil. "The product is only hoi'nogeneous above 165 degrees C. becoming grainy at that tempera-- ture and deposits bituminous matter at 130 degrees C.

According-1o a' final example, 500 parts by weight of the same coke oven tar and 85 parts by weight of the same fuel oil are distillcdnntil 249 parts by weight of the distil- The creosote fraction of the distillate in this case amounts 00.41 litres per kilogram of the original tar. The mixture may be mixed with fuel 'oil of the same quality in the proportions of (37 parts bywreightof the mixture to 3 3 parts by weight ol'lhe fuel oil. The resulting prod n t is only homogeneous above 145 degrees at which temperature it becomes grainy and deposits bituminous matter at ll0 derees (3;. i

it will be understood that the above are The residue merely given as examples of certain proper tions of specific materials 'WlllCll maybe used to make the fuel mixtures. It will be understood, of course, that the invention is not limited to the particular proportions given in any of the examples for, as already stated, Whatever proportions are used the distillation adjusts the conditions -so that the mixture'is completely homogeneous at all temperatures. It will also be understood that coal tars of other grades may be employed as Well as other fuel oils of petroleum or asphaltic origin. .Moreover, if additional fuel oil is added to the entirely homogeneous mixtureso that the resulting product is only homogeneous above a certain critical temperature, that critical temperature may reducedby the addition of solid hydrocarbons obtained from the distillation of coal 'tar such as solid' hydrocarbons of'the naphthalene or anthracene series. a v

Having thus describedour inventiomwhat we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is z I 1. A process for obtaining a mixture con-- .taining pitch and fuel oil of the character set forth, which consists in distilling the and vacuum, the residue from such distillation containing the desired mixture.

4. A process for obtaining afuel mixture containing pitch and afuel oil of the character set forth, which consists in distilling the said fuel oil'with coal tar and stirring in furtherfuel oil to the residue obtainedfrom the distillation.

In witness whereof we hereunto subscribe our names this 23rd day of November, 1925.

THOMAS HOlVARD BUTLER. This 4th day of December 1925. llllltlilllt'l dial JAM ROBINSON.

DEltlGlVlLLlAM PARKES.

etroleum residuum,

etroleum residuum,

Hill

Images