US1581604A - Electrical system - Google Patents

Description

April 20, 1926. 1,581,604

S. S. 'STOLP ELECTRICAL SYSTEM Filed March 8, 1923 Z Sheets-Sheet 1 April 20,1926. 1,5 1,604

S. S. STOLP ELECTRICAL SYSTEM Filed March a, 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 lnzrerz 02 Sama'ei .660%

Patented Apr. 20, 1926.

SAMUEL S. STOLP, OF MANSFIELD, OHIO, ASSIGNOB OF MANSFIELD, OHIO, A CORPORATION TO THE OHIO BRASS COMPANY,

OF NEW JERSEY.

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM.

Application filed March 8, 1923. Serial No. 623,703.

To cZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL S. SroLr, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Mansfield, county of Ohio, have invented improvements in Electrical which the following which are illustrated'in the accompanying drawings, forming a part thereof.

This invention relatesto electrical systems for selectively operating an electrical device in one of a plurality of different ways 'depending upon predetermined conditions, as for example, the automatic setting of the switch points of electric railway tracks in different positions inaccordance with the approach of a car with power on and power oil" respectively.

Among the principal objects of the inven tion are to permit the inciting or initiating elenientto remain in inciting or initiating position without producing any destructive action on the system, as, for example, when the car stops with the trolley wheel on the contactor; to permit a plurality of initiating elements to pass without altering the effect of the leading element as when one or more following cars pass the operating contactor before the leading car passes the switch; to provide a proper interval of time for the saturation of the actuating coils; to provide heat for maintaining the parts dry without the addition of any special heating device; to permitthe controlling relay to be shunted out without adding special resistance ele- Systems, of

ments; to provide a novel form of relay for insuring a predetermined period of operation; to permit ready change iroina locking system to a non-locking system and vice versa; and to generally simplify and improve systems of this character.

Further objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent as the disclosure proceeds and the description is read in connection with the accompanying drawings illustrating a selected embodiment and a selected application of the invention, and in which- Fig. 1 is diagram of a locking system for switch setting made according to the teachings of the invention;

Fig. 2 is a similar diagram of a non-locking system;

I Fig. 3 is a composite diagram showing Piichland, and State of certain new and useful is a specification, and

how the locking and non-loclring systemsare combined and how, by throwing a switch the system can be changed from one kind to the other;

Fig. 1 is a side elevation relay used in the invention; and

'Fig. 5 is a plan view of such relay.

The s stem shown in Fig. 1 includes a of an improved switchoperating solenoid 1O forse'tting the switclr 11, a selecting relay 12 to determine which way the switch point will be set, a controlling relay 13 for governing the time the operating current flows through the solenoid 10, a trolley wire or the like 14, a. primary'trolley contactor 15 and a secondary trolley contactor16. This organization is intended for use with cars including a rent collector such as a trolley wheel 17 carried by a trolley pole 18 of a car having heaters 19, lights 20, air compressor 21 and power circuit 22.

The track solenoid includes two actuating coils, 28 and 24,- each of which iseonnected at one sidewith the ground 25. The opposite sides of these coils are connected by the Wires 26 and 27 with'the points 28 and 29 of a switch, the operating element of which is the armature 30 of the selective re lay 12. As shown, the armature is pivoted curat 31 and has the contacts 3 2 and'38 at its? free end adapted to close with the contacts 28 and 29. The lower part of the armature is equipped with the be adjusted along the tion of the relay.

The armature of this relay is connected through the conductor 36 with the point 37, which is equipped with a contact- 38 for co rod 35to vary the acoperation with the contact 39 on the lower H weight 34, which may i trolley 14:. The point 4 1 is also connected by a conductor 48, with one element 49 of a trolleycontactor 15 which includes another element 50, both of which are insulated from the trolley 14 and each of which is also insulated from the other.

The element 50 is Connected by the conductor51 with the lower armature40 ofthe governing relay at 52, which is also the point of connection between the conductor 41 and the lower armature.

The element 53 of the trolley contactor 16 is connected by the conductor 54 with the trolley 14. The other element 55 of the contactor 16 is connected by the conductor 56 with one side of another coil- 57 of. the relay 13, the opposite side of which is connected by the conductor 58 with the point 37. I

By referring to Figs. 4 and 5 it will be seen that the relay 13 includes a base 158 to which the frame 59 is suitably secured as by screws 60. ithin the frame'is the core 61 about which the coils 42 and 57 are wound. The lower armature 40 is hinged to the frame at 52 and carries a lateral point or arm 63 for making iron to iron contact with the core 61. This armature also has an entension 64, adapted to strike the abutment 65 on the frame and limit the downward swing of the armature when it has been released from the magnet.

The upper armature 66 is also pivoted to 1 the frame at 62, and it lies above the lower equipped armature as clearly indicated inFig. 4. The upper armature is perforated at 67 to provide a passage for the arm 63. It is also with a non-magneticspacing Washer 68, which provides a high reluctance gap in the magnetic field between armature 66 and core 61.

The point 39 on the lower armature 40 makes contact, when raised, with the point :38 (38 of Fig. 1) of a pivoted element 7 0 and which completes the circuit through the magnetic blow-out element 71 to element 37 (also 37 on Fig. 1). This permits iron to iron contact between the lower armature and the core of the magnetand, at the same time permits proper closing of the circuit between points 38 and Fig. 1..

Referring again to Fig. 1, it will be seen J that normally there is a closed circuit from the trolley 14, the conductor 47, the coil 46, the conductor 45, the conductor 43, the coil 42, the conductor 41, the lower armature 40, the conductor 36, the armature 30, the conductor 27, the coil 24. to the ground 25 and current is flowing'in this circuit constantly under normal conditions and maintaining armatures 40 and 66 ona raisedposition with the elements 38 and 39 in contact.

When a trolley wheel bridges the gap between the elements 49 and 50, current will flow from the trolley 14, through the conductor 47, the coil46, the conductor 45, the conductor 48, the element 49, the trolley wheel 17, the element 50, the conductor 51, the lower armature 40, the conductor 36,"the armature 30 and one of the conductors 26 and 39 on the diagram shown in through thecoil 42, however, when the flow of current just mentioned, takes place, the point 7 5 on the coil 42 becomes of the same polarity and like value as the point 76 on the opposite side of that coil, and consequently the coil is shunted out. As a result, the armature 66 is released and drops, strik ing the armature 4O which thus farhas been retained by the residual magnetism in the core and hence releasing it, and separating the points 38 and 39. This opens the normally closed circuit and also the circuit which was closed by the trolley wheel spanning the elements 49 and 50 of the pan 15. The system then remains inoperative until the trolley wheel closes with the pan 16 when current flows from the trolley 14. through the conductor 54, from element 53 to element 55 through the trolley wheel, through the conductor 56, through the coil 57, the conductors 58 and 36, the armature 30, the conductor 27, and the coil 24, to the ground at 25, thereby energizing the coil 57 and picking up the armatures 40 and 66 which restores thesystem to normal.

The ohmic resistance of the coils .42 (and 57) should be high as compared with that of the coils 46 and 23 and 24. For example, in a system using 600 volts D. C. the coil 46 may have a resistance of .032 ohms, the coils 23 and 24 a resistance of 100 ohms and the coils 42 and 57 a resistance of 13,000 ohms. I In all cases the ampere turns of the coil 46 should be such that when the trolley bridges'the gap between the elements 49 and 50 of the contactor with power off the currentwill be insu'tlicient to pick up the armature 30, but with power on it will pick up the armature 30.

If the car is moving with power on, when the trolley wheel strikes the contactor 15, suflicient current will flow through the coil 46 to pick up the armature 30 and close the points 28 and 32, directing the satu ating current through the coil 23 and throwing the switch in the opposite direction from that thrown by coil 24. Otherwise the operation is the same as when the car approaches with power ofi.

It will be readily understood that although a circuit is 'closed momentarily through contacts 33 and 29, conductor 27 and coil 24 to ground 25 the pick up of armature 30 is practically instantaneous so that the momentary current through coil 24 is not sufiicient to .saturate coil 24. e

The length of the contactors 49 and 50 or the speed of the car, or both, should be such that the trolley wheel will remain in contact with the primary contactor for a sufficient length of time to permit the flow of a saturating current through the selected coil 23 or 24. After this period of contact it is immaterial how long the wheel remains on the contactor for the controlling relay will provide a closed circuit for the saturating current until the switch has been operated and will then break the circuit which will remain open until the trolley wheel closes the circuit across the secondary contactor 16 formed of elements 53 and 55.

Shunting out a relay is aslower action than either: picking up or opening a relay. For that reason the ar angement whereby the controlling relay is shunted out is particularly advantageous because it provides a delay interval after the circuit of the saturating currenthas been closed within which sufficient current canflow to saturate the selected actuating coil of the track magnet.

In the particular relay herein disclosed, there is a second period of delay produced by the time necessary for the armature 66 to release and descend to the point where it strikes the armature 40; and there is a third period of delay in the time necessary to overcome the inertia of the armature 40 and 5 the residual magnetism by which it is sup ported, and move the point 39 away from the point 38. 7

The coils 42 and 57 are connected'in multiple in the system illustrated in Fig. 1.- In the system illustrated in Fig. 2 the coils 77 and 78 corresponding to the coils 42 and 47 are connected diiierentially and-in this system the secondary contactor 16 with its connections is omitted. Otherwise the elements may be the same. In this non-locking sys' tem, there is a normally closed circuit in which current flows from the trolley 7 9 through the conductor 80 to the windingof the coil .81 of the selecting relay, through the conductor 82 and the conductor 83, to the coil 78, through the conductors 84 and 85 to the contact 86, through the conductor 87, thearmature 88, the conductor 89, actuating coil and conductor 91 to the ground at 92.

hen the trolley wheel 93 closes across the contractor 94, there is a. circuit from the trolley 7 9 through the conductor 80, the coil 81, the conductor 82, the conductor 95, cont actor 94, a conductor 96, the armature 97, a conductor 87, the armature 88, the conductor 89, the actuating coil 90 and a conductor 91 to the ground at 92, thereby. energizing the track magnet and throwing the switch.

heating elements.

point 98 of the same polarity and value as cuit including the coil 78, and if the trolley wheel has leftthe contactor 94 this coil will be energized and will pick up the armatures 97 and 100, restoring the circuit to normal. However, if the trolley wheel remains on the pan 94, there will be asecond circuit including the conductor 80, the coil 81, the conductors 82 and 95, the contactor 94, the conductor 96, a conductor 102, the coil 77, a conductor 103, the conductors 85 and 87, the armature 88 and to the ground. This will energize the coil 77 which, being differentially wound in respect tothe coil 7 8, and of the same number of ampere turns will neutralize it and the armatures 97 and l OOwill not be picked up until the trolley wheel leaves the contactor 94. I

If the car ismoving with power on when the trolley wheel 93 strikes the contactor 94, the coil 81 will be energized and will pick up the armature 88, directing the saturating current through the conductor 104, the coil 105, and the conductor 91, to the ground at 92, shifting the switch in the opposite direction. Otherwise the operation is the same as above described when the car was moving with power off.

The provision of a normally closed circuit, including a' coil of the controlling relay provides a heating element in the box containing most of the operating parts, which will maintain them dry at all times thereby eliminating the element of rust and corrosion and also short circuiting and other undesirable effects of dampness. This is accomplished without the addition of special In this invention'the coils of thetrack magnet are used in the place of special limiting resistance when the controlling relay is shunted out. This is asaving in original cost and also in maintenance.

The use of a single controlling relay, and the shunting out ofits coils upon the passageof a saturating current are distinctive features contributing both to the simplicity and economy of the device and also its reliability in service;

In Fig. 3 the locking and non-locking sy tems are combined, and a two pole double throw switch l06, serves to change the systenr'from the one to the other. The contactor- 107, the selecting relay 108, the track magnet 109 and the controlling relay'llO are the same as those above described, and function in the same-way depending upon the position of the switch 106. To change Closing this second circuit makes the from one system to the other, the switch is thrown, thereby changing the controlling relay coils from differential to multiple connection or vice versa, and the contractor 111 is thrown into or out of circuit, as the case may be. This makes it possible to manufacture one standard equipment which can be used either as a locking or a non-locking system and can be changed from one to the other with facility. e

I claim as my invention:

1. In a system of the class described, the combination of an electric circuit including a power line, an actuating solenoid a relay. operable to selectively direct currents through dili erent parts of the actuating solenoid, and a second relay for controlling said solenoid and arranged to automatically shunt out upon the flow of a saturating current through said solenoid.

2. In a system of the class described, the combination of a normally closed electric circuit including a power line, an actuating solenoid, a relay for selectively directing currents through dilferent parts of said solenoid, and a second relay, and a normally open circuit including said actuating solenoid and the armature of the second relay connected across its winding, and means for closing the second circuit with the power line.

' different parts of said solenoid, and a second relay between the first relay and the solenoid for controlling the flow of saturating cur-, rent through the solenoid andarranged to be shunted out upon the llow of such acurrent.

4-. In a system of the class described, the combinationol a normally closed circuit including a power line, an actuating solenoid, a relay for selectively directing currents through dil'le-rent parts of said solenoid, and a second relay of su'l'licient ohmic resistance to limit the current to less than that necessary to saturate the solenoid, the armature of said second relay being normally connected across the winding thereof, and means for connecting said armature with a power line.

5. In a system of the class described, a circuit including an actuating solenoid, a relay for selectively directing currents through ditl'erent parts of the solenoid, and a second relay having an upper armature and a lower armature arranged to' be supported by less magnetism than the upper armature and lying in the path thereof, and a second circuit including the solenoid and the lower armature with the latter connected across the winding of the second relay, and means to close the second circuit with a source of power.

3. In a system of the class described, the

,6. :In a, system of theclass described, the combination of a normally closed circuit includingra track solenoid, a relay for selectively directing currents through different parts of the said solenoid, and a second relay, and a normally opened circuit includ ing the armatures of the relays and the track solenoid, and means for closing the normally a open circuit with a source of power.

7. In a system of the class described, the combination of a normally .closed circuit including a trolley, a track solenoid, a relay for selectively directing current through difl'erent parts of said solenoid, and one coil ofja second relay having two coils and an armature, a second normally open circuit includingthe arinatures of the two relays and the track solenoid, a third normally open circuit including a second coil of the second relay and the solenoid and means for successively closing the second and third circuits with the trolley. V

8. In a system of the class described, the combination of a normally closed circuit in-.

cluding a power line, the operating coil. of

a relay, an operating coil of a second relay, the armatures of the two relays and a track solenoid, a normally open circuit including the power line, the ope 'ating coil or the first relay, two normally insulated elements of a trolley contactor, the armatures of the two relays and the track solenoid, and second normally open circuit including the power line, two normally insulated elements of the two trolley contactors, a second operating coil of a second relay, the armature or the first relay and the track solenoid.

-9.. In a system of the classdescribed, the combination of a track solenoid, a relay for selectively directing current through different parts of the track solenoid, a second relay for directing the flow of current to the t aclr solenoid, a power line, two trolley cont-actors each having an element connected with the power line and an element connected through the second relay and the track solenoid to the ground, and a switch arranged to cut in and cut out one of said contactors. 1

10. In a switch point operating system, the combination with a switch point of a double solenoid operating means for the switch point to throw it in one direction or the other and having one. side of each solenoid connected to the ground, a. trolley wire, a contact pan with a pair of parallel contacts to be bridged by a current collector, a. solenoid operating circuit from one contact to the solenoids to'carry current to operate the solenoids when the current collector engages the pan contacts, a selector switch interposed in said circuit for directing the current to one solenoid or the other at will, a time limit switch in said circuit to open said circuit and cut off said current after a predetermined time of flow, a circuit connecting the other pan contact with the tro lley and having means therein to controlthe selector switch, a circuit connecting the trolley with the time limit switch and electrically operated closing means in said circuit to maintain the time limit switch in a closed relation under normal conditions andoperating to permit the opening oi the time limit switch when the current collector bridges the contacts and electrically operated means connected across said time limit switch to oppose the operation of the closing means for the time limit switch andv prevent the switch closing after opening as-long as the current collector bridges the pan contacts.

11. A switch operating system comprising in combination a switch point, a trolley wire, a contactor pan provided with a pair of contacts to be engaged by a current collector, a two coil operating mechanism to move the switch in one or the other direction at will, a selector switch to control the flow of current to one or the other of said coils and normally connected with one coil, an electromagnet normally connected to the trolley wire and one of the pan contacts, a time limit switch connected to the other pan contact and the selector switch and operating to open and close said circuit, a two coil electro-magnet to control the opening and closing of the time limit switch and connected to oppose each other and having one coil connected to normally receive current from the trolley.

wire and connected to the selector switch and normally holding the time limit switch I closed and the other coil connected in shunt across the time limit switch and normally inoperative while the time limit switch is closed and opposing the closing of the time limit switch while the time limit switch is open and the current collector is on the pan.

12. In a switch point operating system, the combination of a source of power, a contact device-having a pair of separated and insulated contacts to be engaged and bridged by a moving current collector, a switch point, electrically operated means to move the switch point in either of two directions at will and connected to one of the contacts and the ground, electrically operated means to control the direction of operation of the switch operating means depending upon the current collector engaging the contacts with power on or power oil? and connected to the source of power and the other contact, time limit means operating to close and open the connection between the electrically operated means and one of the contacts above mentioned, electrically operated means automatically closing said timelimit means when the contacts are not bridged by the current collector and automatically operating to permit the time limit means to open after the contacts have been bridged a predetermined time, and electrically operated means automatically operating to oppose the operating means for I closing the time limit means and preventing closing said time limit means while the contacts are bridged.

13. In a switch point operating system, the combination of a trolley wire, a contact pan having two contacts to be bridged by a current collector, a switch point, electrically operated means to move the switch point to either of two positions at will, electrically operated means to control the direction of operation of the switch point operating means, a circuit from the pan to the switch point operating means to conduct the operating current to the switch point operating means, and means to control the operating current to the switch point operating means comprising a time limit switch interposed in said circuit to hold said circuit closed a predetermined time after the current collector bridges the contacts, electrically operated means to hold said time switch closed when the contacts are not bridged and means to prevent the closing of the time switch while the current collector is bridging the contacts. i

14. In a switch point operating system,

the combination of a source of power, a contact pan having a pair of contacts to be engaged and bridged by a current collector,

a switch point, electrically operated means der1v1ng an operating current from the source of power to move the switch point in one direction when the current collector bridges the contactswith power oflf and to move the switch point 'in the opposite direction when the current collector bridges the contacts with power on, circuits to.

hold one of the circuits closed when the cur rent collector isnot bridging the contactors, electrical operating means for holding the time limit means in a'closed relation and electrical operating means to hold said time limit switch in an open relation after a predetermined time and cut off the flow of the operating current to the switch point operating means while the current collector engages the contacts. 15. In a switch point operating system, the combination of a switch point, a trolley wire, a contact pan having-a pair of contacts to be engaged and bridged by a current collector, electrically operated means having a grounded connection to move the switch point to either of two positions at will, a selector switch for directioning the "current through the above electrically opernected to the trolley andone of the contacts foi'operating' the selector switch, circuit from the other contact to the switch-point operating means 1ncludmgthere1n the selector switch a nda switch operating to close said circuit when the contacts are not bridged by the current collector and to open said circuit when the contacts are bridged, electrically operated means to maintain the last said switch closed. until shunted out by bridging the contacts and electrically operated means to maintain said switch open while thecontacts are bridged,

16. In a. switch operating system, the combination of an electrically operated switch throwing niechainisn'i, a source of power, a

primary and a secondary contactor to be enthe secondary contactor.

17. In a switch operating system, the combination of an electrically operated switch throwing ,mechanism, a source of power, a primary and a secondary contactor to be engaged by a. current collector and each having two contact members and one member of each contactor connected to the source of power, a circuitfrom the other member of'the primary contactor to the switch throwing mechanism, controlling means in said eircuitfor opening and. closing said circuit, electrically operated means to main tain saidcontrolling means normally closed but to permit the controlling means to open when the primary contactor is engaged by the current collector, electrically operated means connected to the other-member of the secondary contactor to close said controlling means when the current, collector engages the secondary contactor, and means to limit to a predetermined amount the time of opening of the controlling means after the current collector engages the primary contactor.

18. 111 a system of the class described, the combination of atrack solenoid, a relay switch for selectively through different parts of the track solenoid, a second relay switch for controlling the flow of current to the track solenoid and provided with two coils, a power line, two trolley contactor-s each having an element connected to the power line, and a switch directing current I operat ingi'when in one posit-ion toronnec t the two cells to the cont-actors for multiple operation and to connect the two coils to one of the c'ontactors to operate in opposition when theswitch is thrown in the opposite position. r

19. A'switch operating system comprising an electrically operative switch throwing device, a contactor pan, a switch electrically operated to closed position and noranally in that POSllJlOU, and means tor opening the "switch when a current collector engages the contactor pan'and to close the switch when the collector leaves the contact a) 20. In a system of the class described, the combination of a track solenoid, a trolley contactor, acurrent collector ior cooperatlng with tlietrolley' contactor to energize the track solenoid, a switch'between the trolley' contactor and the traclrsolenoid, magnetic means for normally retaining said switch closed and electrically operated time limit means to render the said magnetic means iun ci'lective when the trolley contactor is coop-' erating'with the current collector. i

I 21. In a system oi? the class described, the combination of a track solenoid, a trolley contactor, a current collector for cooperation with the trolley contactor to energize the track solenoid, a switch "between the trolley contactor and the track solenoid, electricallyoperated means for normally retaining said switch closed and time limit means made effective by the flow of energizing current to the tracksolenoidto render said electrically operatednleans ineffective.

22. Ina systemof the class described, the combination ofatrack solenoid, a source of power, a contactor to be engaged by a current collector and having two contact members, a closed circuit from the source of. power to the; track solenoid, a connection between one of the contact members and this closed circuit, and time limit means for opening said circuit when the current collector is'in cooperation with the contactor.

23. In a system of the class described, a

track solenoid, a source of power, a contactor adapted to be engaged by a current collector and includingtwo contact elements, a selector relay, a normally closed circuit from thesource of power through the relay to the solenoid, a normally open circuit in which one contactor element is connected with the source of powerthroughthe relay and the other contactor element is connected with the solenoid and a time limit switch in the normally open circuit adapted to automatically open when the current collector is in cooperation with the contactor.

24. A switch operating system comprising a track switch, electrically operated means to move'said track switch, a trolley conductor, a contactor pan to be engaged too by a current collector, a circuit to conduct current to the track switch operating means, an electrically operated circuit opener provided with two operating coils "to close and open said circuit, one of the coils deriving current direct from the trolley conductor to normally maintain said circuit opener closed and the other coil deriving current from the contactor pan to open said circuit opener after the current collector has engaged the contact pan a predetermined time and maintain the circuit opener open until the current collector is disengaged from the pan.

25. In a switch operating system, a source of power, a contactor pan to be engaged by a current collector, a double solenoid, a ground for the double solenoid, an electrically operated switch connected for opeg'ation to the contact pan, wiring connecting the said switch and double solenoid to control the direction of operation of the double solenoid, an electrically operated circuit opener provided with two operating coils, wiring connecting one of the operating coils and the source of power to normally hold the circuit opener closed, wiring connecting the other operating coil with the contact pan to open after a predetermined time and maintain open the circuit opener while the current collector engages the contact pan, a ground connection for the operating coils and wiring connecting the switch and circuit opener.

26. In a switch operating system the combination of, an electrically operated track switch, a contact pan to be engaged by a current collector, a branched circuit conducting current to the track switch to operate the switch in the direction desired when the collector engages the pan with power oil or power on, a control switch to control the circuit and having two operating coils acting in opposition to prevent a second operation of the track switch after an initial operation of the system.

27. A switch operating mechanism comprising in combination, a trolley conductor, a pan having two contact members to be engaged by a current collector, an electrical- 1y operated track switch adapted to be moved to a predetermined position when the collector engages the pan with power on or power off, a selector switch for controlling the positioning of the track switch by connecting one or the other of the two branch circuits to the track switch, a circuit connecting one contact member with the selector switch, an operating coil for the selector switch connected to the trolley conductor and to the other contact memher and adapted to be energized sufliciently to operate the selector switch with power on only, a normally closed controlling switch for the branch circuits and operating to open after a predetermined time after the collector engages the pan' and to remain open while the collector is in contact members to be engaged by a current collector, one contact member being connected to the trolley conductor, an electrically operated track switch, a branch circuit leading from the other contact member to the track switch, means operated by gravity for opening the branch circuits and electrically controlled means to operate said means to close the branch circuits when the collector is out of engagement with the contact members.

29. A switch operating system, comprising in combination, a trolley conductor, an electrically operated track switch, a branched circuit to the track switch, circuit controlling means operated automatically from a car to control said circuit for transmitting current from the conductorv to the track switch to operate it in the desired direction, and electrically operated means operated automatically to first open the branch circuits by short circuiting-the elec- 'trical operating means and to later close them.

30. In a switch operating system, the combination of, a trolley conductor, a pan connected to the trolley conductor and to be engaged by a current collector, a selector switch having an armature and a circuit therefrom to the pan to be electrically connected to the trolley conductor by the collector when it engages the pan, an electrically operated track switch, branch circuits leading from the selector switch to the track switch and connected to the selector switch as desired, a switch to open and close the branch circuits, an operating coil for the last said switch electricallyconnected to the circuit which is connected to the trolley by the collector when it engages the pan for the purpose of de-energizing the coil and opening the branch circuits, and means to cause said operating switch to close said branch circuits after the collector has left the pan and to maintain the circuits normally closed.

sAMUEn s. storm.

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