US1576690A - Process and apparatus for wet magnetic separation - Google Patents

Description

March 16 1926. G. ULLRICH PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR WET MAGNETIC SEPARATION I Filed Sept. 28, 1923 my 4 T Patented Mar. 16, 1926.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORG ULLBICH, OF MAGDEBURG, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO THE FIRM FRIED. KBUPP GRUSONWE'BK AKTIENGESELLSGHAFT, OF MAGDEBUBG-BUCKAU, GERMANY.

. PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR WET MAGE'ETIC SEPARATION.

Application filed September 2 s, 1923. serial No. 685,465.

'To all 'wlwm z'tmay concernf Be it known that I, GEORG ULLRICH, engineer, citizen of the German Empire, residing at Nr. 2 Winterfeldstrasse, Magdeburg, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvemerits in Processes and Apparatus for Vet Magnetic Separation, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to a proc-v ess for the magnetic separation of material on a plurality of separating rolls, according to which the material unattracted by the first roll, as well as the material which is at-' tracted, is subjected to the further separating action of rolls arranged one after the other. The purpose of the invention is to separate strong and weak magnetic ores irrespective of whether they are. in a natural condition or have been previously treated, for instance roasted, and to obtain the greatest possible concentration and yield. This is achieved by conducting the material through the field gaps of a series of highly concentrated fields of force, the separated material and residues resulting from the action of the first fieldbeing subjected separately to the action of the succeeding fields, -whereby the subsequent further separation of the magnetic material and of the residues takes place in the same fields but in different zones thereof. For the purpose of extracting the magnetic constituents of the raw ore in a high measure or according to different magnetic grades, the density of the fields may be varied from one another throughout or m part and may also be adjustable.

In the accompanying drawings, Figs. 1 to 3 illustrate threeforms of separating plants for carrying out the present process, while Fig. 4 illustrates means for adjusting the r0 s.

The constructional forms illustrated in Figs. 1 to 3 have the following in common:

From a hopper 1 theraw material is fed to a feed table 2, to.,which a vibrating movement is imparted, for instance, by means of the drive gear 13, Fig. 3. By means of the set- screws 14, 15 Fig. 3 the table 2 is adjustable to different heights and may also be suitably inclined longitudinally. In the examples illustrated, three separating rolls areprovided. The magnet system of each separating place consists of a pole 3 and a mag-.

netically induced roll 4, The latterrotates in a fixed drum 5 and may be toothed or grooved for obtaining a better magnetic effect. For the purpose of regulating the strength of the magnetic fields, the rolls or the counterpoles, or both, may be vertically adjustable. Fig. 4 illustrates means for accomplishing this displacement of the rolls. The rolls 4, as shown, are supported at both ends on standards 16 which are displaceable in guideways on the poles by means of set-' screws 17. Means for elevating the poles are well known in the magnetic separator art. Means for adjusting the parts, for instance the rolls, along the feed table is especially desirable in wet separating process in which a film is used, and such means may be provided, as shown in my U. S. Patent No. 1,543,534.

The strength of each separating place can be adapted to thekind of material to be separated at each place.

The rotational speed of the single rolls or drums may be different; for instance, the second rol may rotate more rapidly than the first. In this manner, the layer of ore on-the drum will be thinner and thereby a better separation ind concentration will be obtained. 7

According to the drawings, the rolls are V disposed at equal heights, but they may be disposed at different heights. This is requisite especially when the eed table is adapted to be longitudinally inclined. In known manner, the adapted for longitudinal inclination.

The first step ofthe separating process up to complete first separation .at the separating place A is common to all the construcsystem as a whole may be tional forms described below. '1he magnetic material separated at the point A rises on the drum 5 under the influence of the roll 4, rotating in the direction of the arrow 2. Itfinally reaches a weak zone, with the drum 5, and falls from the drum or may be easily removed. With a fixed drum, a guide 6 may be conveniently provided for removing the material from the separating surface.

The residue from the separating point A, that is, the material not attracted at this point, remains on-the feed table. After the.

first separation, the magnetic material and residues take independent courses through are separated in difierent zones.

succeeding separating places in which they nated in dot and dash lines. The invention is not affected it between two separating points either the residue or an intermediate grade of magnetic material is withdrawn from the separator. If this is done, for special purposes, with the magnetic material or residues obtained at the first point of separation, the one retained will be again separated into two such divisions at the next point of separation and these will be independentlv conducted to the next separating ppint and there separated. in difierent zones. any forms of apparatus are adapted to carry out this process. v

The following, process, among others is ossible with the apparatus according to i 1.

e highly magnetic material a, the weakly magnetic material 6, and the nonmagnetic material. 1', are first conducted throu h the field gap of a highly concentrated field of force A, forme b a fixed magnet pole 3 and an armatureiro 4 rotating above same. Thehighly ma etic material aand a rtion b of e weakl magnetic materi are attracted to the r 4; The residues r, consisting oi weakly magnetic and non-magneticmaterial, and the attracted articles 0+!) are conducted i the attra to the next field of force B, but in different courses. The path of the particles c-.|-b 1s shown in broken lines in the drawmgs, while the path of the residues 1- is designated in dot and dash lines. A second separation of the magnetic particles and residuestakes lace in the same field B, but in zones of 'fierent strength ofthis field. Thus, the magnetic material is subjected to the action of zone a: which is weaker than zone 5 serving for treating the residues. The eld at B 3/ must be stronger than the field at A for'tthe purpose of withdrawing the weakly m etic material 6' yet remammg m the residues 1'. This leaves the residue r. At the secondary treatment of the mangnetic mixture'in zone B a, a residue r is. and

- unites with '1" on the ,feed'table 2. The particles a-l-b again attracted at a: to the armature roll pass with the rotating drum into the separa zone B y and unite there w th weakly ma etic material. The particles a and 6 (6 are subjected to another separating action in zone a: of

the third separating place G, the residues r and r be' previously led ofl' at 10.- The field C may as stronmfield B, or weaker,

required. In the instance, only a,

further separation or purification of the entire m etic constituent (1+6 1s efiected,

the pr not being then led ofi over the apron 9. In the second instance, according to the strength of thedield, either only the highly magnetic particles will be attracted and discharged on the apron 99 while the weakly magnetic particles will pass 0d at 11, or also a portion of the 'weakly magnetic particles, for instance 6 will be discharged on the apron 9, while theremainder b will pass off at 11. Y The following process is possible with the modification according to ig. 2:

The field at A is the strongest and will attract all the magnetic particles. The residue r escapes between A and B at 12. The fields B and C are weaker than field Al The non-metallic particles removed with the magnetic particles, are liberated as residues 1? in zone B a: and eventually as 1' after -leaving zone B 11 The field C may be weaker thanthe field B; in this case, by regulation of the field strength, the grade of magnetic material removed on apron 9 may be exactly controlled. The residues m r are discharged at 11, aswell as the weakly magnetic particlesb which cannot be utilized or are worthless. This process is designed-for a highly magnetic material of simple composition.

The separating process according to Fig. 3 is as follows:

If, for example, granite, zinc, lead, or quartz ore, is to be treated as is often the case in Australia, the process ma be so conducted that in the first field 'A c more highly magnetic ore a is attracted, field A bemg weaker than the field following it. The material retained on the drum at A is led from the apparatus by means of a trongh 18 for instance.

lnthe second field, B, which is stronger this is also repeated in the third field o,

while the residues from field B are discharged at 10. During the repeating action at C, in addition to purifying the magnetic material, it may naturally also be classified in difierent grades as regards magnetic permeability 1 and b).

It is essentlal for all the described modifications of the process, that the material' to be so arated ed through several, referably 'flerent, highly concentrated elds of force, and that the magnetic material and residues resulting from the first separating action be conducted in difierent aths, but through thesame fields whereby t e'separadues takes place in different zones of different strength of these fields.

- I claim:

1'. The process of magnetic se station com sisting in'passing the materia to be as ation of the magnetic particles from the resione of said :fields and the resultant unatfrom said field and means for delivering tracted residues from external magnetic influence, and passing said magnetic material and residuesin superposed layers into the influence of a succeeding magnetic field.

2. The process of magnetic separation in multiple roll separators consisting in passing the material to be separated through the magneticfields of said rolls, said fields being highly concentrated, freeing the magnetic material attracted in one of said fields and the resultant unattracted residues from said magnetic material and residues into as the field of a succeeding magnetic device in 5111361208241 layers.

4. magnetic separator comprising a plurality o fixed magnet poles, res ctive magnetic separator rolls adjacent sai poles, 80 a feed table extending throu h the field ga s existing between said ro and said p0 es, and a rons arranged between said'i'; rolls above sa1d feedtable whereby the ma terial to be separatedbeing passed along said external magnetic influence, and passing said magnetic materialand residues independently of each other in superposed layers into the influence of a succeeding magnetic field indifferent zones thereof.

3. Apparatus for magnetic separation comprising a plurality of magnetic devices, means for passing the material to be so arated into the field of one of said magnetlc devices, means for separately removing the resultant magnetic material and residues table the magnetic particles attracted bythe first roll and deposited on its cooperating p apron are delivered thereby to thenext magnetic field, the residues unattracted b. said table 40 first roll being delivered by said f to said next-magnetic field in a different zone thereof from said magnetic particles.

'In testimony whereof the foregoing specification is signed.

GEQRG ULLRICH.

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