US1569668A - Vertically-rising aeroplane - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 12 1926. v w 1,569,668

. NEWBAUER VERTICALLY msma :AEROPL'ANE Original Fi 'pt, 15. 1924 s Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR VAL [IYUNE/VEWBAUEH Jan; 12 1926.

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. IHIH H u h l l l Jan. 12 ,1926.

v. NEWBAUER VERTICALLIY' RISING AEROPLANE original Filed Sept; 15, 1924 Patented Jan. 1 2, 1926.

' reatessrc VERTICALLY-BISING AEROPLANE.

Application filed September 15, 1924, Serial 1V0. 737,748. Renewed Novemberl l, 1925.

To all whom may concern:

Be it known that I, VALENTINE NEWBAUER, a citizen of the United States, residing at lllinneapoligin the county of Hennepin and -State of Minnesota, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Vertically- R-ising Aeroplancs, of which the following is a specification. I

This invention relates'to the art of aero nautics and the main object is to provide an aeroplane,-of the vertically rising type, in which propellers are used in the dual capacity of controlling and determining the vertical as well as the horizontal fiightand position of the machine. A further object is to provide means whereby such propellers may be utilized in co-operation with. the well known ailerons and other controlling mem bers of the machine to insure both longitudinal and transverse or lateral stabilization. A further objectis to'so arrange the propellers with respect to wings, tail and aileron controls, that the craft may be volplaned to the earth in the event that the driving motor thereof should for any reason become inoperative. Further and more specific objects will be disclosed in the course of the following specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of an aeroplane embodying my invention.v v

Fig. 2 is a top or plan :view of the aeroplane shown in Fig. 1,, a right end portion being broken away.

Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the machine on an enlarged; scale, and with the left, end

, portion thereof broken away.

Referring to the drawings-more particularly-and by reference characters, 'A desig- .nate's the body or fuselage of an aeroplane having a landing gear B, a tail skid C, an upper set of wings 1), lying in the same plane, ailerons E, wing struts F; and a tail group G, consisting of a fixed rudder or fin; 4, a hinged rudder 5, rigid stabilizers 6,. and

hinged elevators 7. The parts. of the machine thus far described and their braces are of common and well known construction, as is also the controlling method for the moving parts as E, 5 and 7, and therefore a further detailed description of such expedients will be dispensed with.

The inner struts Fare supported from the fuselage roper, while the outer struts F are supported upon transversely extending beams 8 which project out from the fuselage D. At intermediate positions upon the beams 8 are mounted a pair of'propellers H, later 4 to be described, which rotate in substantially in parallelpositions to and under the wings tors forthe cooling system of the engine, 1

and they are arranged horizontally under the inner sweeps of the propellers so as to be cooled thereby A pair of auxiliary ails-- rons 11 are arranged for tilting movement at the outer ends of the wing structures, in substantiall the operating plane of the propellers Id,

extending forwardly from rigid parts of the shipx The headwing is provided with arms 15 and 16 to which are attached cables 17, leading tothe cockpit, where they are opera:

'ated in any suitable manner, by the pilot, to

control the tiltable position of the wing. It will be noted, particularly in Fig. 1-, that the head wing J is substantially triangular in cross section, having a flat surface .18, a con- ,vex surface 19,-and a concave surface 20.

The propeller H is of the two blade type in which the oppositelydisposed blades are curved transversely in such a manner that v and are connectedby bars 12 to the ailerons E so as to be operated thereby the surfaces 21 will affecta downward or axial air thrust. Atithe outer ends of these radial propeller blades are provided a pair of transversely angled and vertically disposed blades 22, which are designed to create a radial thrust toexpel air centrifugally from the propeller.- These blades 22 are adjus'tably mounted at the ends of the main propeller arms, by braces 23, sothat their" transverse angle may be adjusted asthe dis- 'tance' of sweep, speed of the propellers or a desired speed of'the machine may require.

Now when'the machine is to take off or 5 start upon its flight, the head wing J is adjusted to its'inactive or dotted line position as shown in Fig. l. The propellers H are rotated by the engine or usual power unit,

whereupon the machine will start its ascent by reason of the downward thrust of the current'of air affected by the blades 22 will effect.

be thrown out to all sides with no motive Such current. at the front of the craft, will be merely thrown over the curved surface 19 of the head Wing. At the s des and rear of the machine, however, this cur- .rent will be directed into the lower ailerons 11 and into the tail group G, with a result that the pilot will be able to utilize the stabilizing members 11, 4, 5, 6 and. 7, to affect the proper equilibrium and balance of the machine when in either horizontal or, vertical motion.

To change the movement of the aeroplane from a vertical to a horizontal direction the operator now merely shifts the headwmg J to the full line position shown in Flgs. I, 2 and 3. The forwardly directed current of air from the blades 22 is now directed against the head wing (instead ofgover 1t) and is diverted by the curved. surface 20 downwardly and rearwardly thus creating a.

rearward thrust, which with the already existing direct rearward thrust at'the rear of the machine, causes the'machi'ne to move [forwardly ina horizontal direction. In normal forward fiight'the machine will be slightly tilted forwardly from a horizontal position with a result that the propeller surfaces 21, though still imparting a vertical lifting tendency will also create a partial rearward thrust in moving the machine forwardly.

Should the power unit of the machinefor' any reason become inoperative, so that the propellers cannot be operated, the machine may then be volplaned to the earth, as with any other aeroplane, in. which event s uflicient glidingor surface resistanceand control will be affected by the wings I), the ailerons E and 1I, the head'wing surface 18', and thehorizontal tail group membersG and 7.

It is understood that various suitable.

modifications may be made in the general design'and structural details ofthe machine as it is herein illustrated'and described, pro vided, however, that such'modifications come withinthe spirit and scope of the appended claims.

Having now therefore fully shown and described my invention, what I claim to be new and desire to protect by Letters Patenti s:

aeroplane comprisinga" fuselage,

supporting wings therefor, a pair of horizontally arranged propeller members at the sides of the fuselage and under said wings, adjustable stabilizing members'arranged in the operating planes of said propellers, and an adjustabledeflecting member arrangedin advance of the propeller members.-

2. An aeroplane having-a number of horizontal stabilizing members and mean for sides and rear of the'aeroplane.

downward thrust ofair to cause the aeroplane to rise vertically, and means for afiecting a horizontal, thrust of air rearwardly into some-of said stabilizing members, and transversely or outwardly-lute other stabil- 12mg members;

- 3. An aeroplane consisting-ofa fuselage having a tail group ofs'tabilizing and control members, a pair of propeller members mounted on substantially vertical axes for rotation in substantially horizontal planes at opposite sides of the fuselage, and ailerons arrangedlaterally beyond the propellens, to affect lateral stabilization, said tail group and ailerons being positioned so, as to receive horizontal thrusts of air delivered by the propeller members.

4:. The combination with an aeroplane having horizontal supporting surfaces, of a pair oflaterallyarranged propellers mounted upon vertical-axes for movements in a horizontal plane, said propellers having surfaces for creating both downward and horizontal or radial thrusts of air, and

manually controlled adjustable means for diverting the forward radial-thrusts of air to a rearward and downward direction.'

5. The combination with an aeroplane having horizontal supporting surfaces, of a pair of laterally arranged propellers mounted upon vertical axes for movements in a horizontal plane, said propellers having,

surfaces for'creating both downward and horizontal thrusts of air, means for diverting? the forward horizontal thrusts of air, and Y stabilizing members arranged to be acted upon by said horizontal air thrusts at the 6. The comblnation with an aeroplane having a fuselage and horizontal supporting and stabilizing. members, of means for creating a downward thrust of air to cause the machine to rise vertically, means for creatmg radial thrusts of air in horizontal planes .at the sides ofthe machine, and a head memhaving-afuselage and horizontal supporting surfaces. of propeller members mounted at opposite sides of the fuselage, saidpropeller members having primary surfaces for creatmg downward thrusts of air, and having secondary surfaces for creating horizontal thrusts of air. some of said supporting sur faces being adjustable to affect stabilization 2 i and arranged to be acted upon by said horizontal air thrusts. and means for controlling said horizontal thrusts of air whereby the aeroplanewill be actuated in a horizontal or forward direction. 8. The combination with an areoplane having a fuselage and horizontally disposed creating radial horizontal currents of air,

and adjustable means for deflecting theforward horizontal currents-of air to cause the aeroplane to move forwardly when in flight.

9. The combination with an aeroplane fuselage, of wings extending transversely over the same and including primary ailerons, secondary ailerons arranged below the outer ends of the wings and operative simultaneously with the-primary ailerons,

stabilizing members at the rear. end of the fuselage, a pair of propeller members mounted at opposite sides of the fuselage to create radial air thrusts horizontally and having surfaces for creating axial air thrusts downwardly, and an adjustable headv wing mounted in advance of the propellers to deflect the forward radial air thrusts.

10. The combination with an vaeroplane, of a pair of propellers mounted upon substantially vertical axes, one at each side of the machine, said propellers having blades for creating downward air thrusts, and having adjustable secondary blades for creating horizontal radial air thrusts, stabilizin members arranged in the path of said radia air thrusts, and an adjustable head member arranged in advance of the ropellers to de' flect the forwardly directed thrusts.

I In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

VALENTINE NEWBAUER.

horizontal air

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