US1557967A - Lock - Google Patents

Description

Oct; 20, 1925.

I5 Sheets-Sheet 1 W. T. BLOUNT v LOCK Filed June 16,

INVENTOR ATTORNEY lll WITNESS Oct. 20, 1925. 1,557,967

-W. T. BLOUNT LOCK Filed June 16 1924 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTORN EY nl l l oct. zo, 1925; 1,557,961

w. T. BLQUNTl LOCK Filed June 16 1924 5 Sheets-Shest 5 m nu 5 INVENTOR Patented Oct. 20, 1925.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICIEL WILLIAM T. BLoUNT, or WAsHINGToN, DISTRICT oF COLUMBIA,` AssIGNoR oF ONE- :HALF To WILLIAM e. BAn-NWELL, or SAVANNAH, GEORGIA.

Lock.

Application mea June 1s, 1924."s`er1a1 :101720,405.

To all lwhom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM T. BLoUN'r, a citizen of the United States, residing at lifashington, in the District of Columbia, have invented new and useful Improvements in Locks, of which the following lis a specification. A

This invention relates to an improved lock, one of the objects of the invention being to provide a-lock with a single bolt which is made in the form of the usual spring latch bolt with means for locking the same in'projected position so that the same bolt will act as a latch bolt anda locking bolt and the use of an additional locking bolt and its associated parts are eliminated.

Another object of the invention is to provide means whereby the door or barrier cannot be unlocked from one side after it has been locked on the opposite side yso that if a person should lock himself in a room anothf. er person could not unlock the door from the outside of the room. l

A Vfurther objectv of the invention is to place the tumblers for the locking member of the'bolt in the knob stem; and the key holes in the knobs so that but one hole throughv the door isV needed, this hole receivingthestem.

VAnother Objectis to eliminate a keyhole extending entirelyr through the 'doorand lock, thus preventing a person looking through the same, by making the tumblers in the stem solid so that they, interrupt the keyhole.l V M v A further object of the invention vist?) make the lock applicable vto doors'vhung on y change to be made in the lock.

'A further object'of thefi'nvention is -to provide guiding means for the.. key for guiding it to the key hole so thatithe key can bereadily introduced into the lock inthe dark, for instance, such means also acting to prevent rain and snow. from enterngthe key hole. i

A still further obj ect of the invention is to thread the knob on the stem so lthat 'the devicewill be adjustable to different thicknesses of doors and to so attach the outside knobthat it cannot'be removed without' first loosening the inside knob.v

Another object of the invention is to so the right or left sidesy withoutrequiring any arrange the parts that the lockcasiiig 'can be -made very'small and thus require bulta small opening Vto bemade in the door or barrier, which opening with the stem openi ing are the onlyopenings to bemade inv the door. Thus 'the lock can be easilyand quickly put in position. l

This invention also consists in certain other features of construction y'and inthe y,

combination and arrangement of the several parts, tol be hereinafter fully described, illustrated in thev accompanying drawings andspecifically pointed out inthe appended claims. i v In describing my invention in detail, reference will be had to the accompanying drawings wherein like vcharacters denote like or corresponding parts throughout the severalviews, and in which f Figure l is a 'face view of portion ofk a door and itsv casing showing the improved v lock in position.

Figure 2 is u section on line 2 2 'of Figure l.

Figure 3 `1s 'a section ln lineB-S ofFg;

ure.. 2'.

Figure 4V is va section on line of Figf ure. Figures 5` and 6 are detail views ofthe latch bolt.

/ 'Figure 7 .is a 'detail view Iofthe operatingmember for said bolt. f I f' Figure 8 is a sectionl on line v8;-8 of Figure 7 Figui-e9 1s a plan View of the ring'- mem- A ber which is keyed to the knobjstem.

Figure 10 is'a section on line 104.42110 of Figure 9.

lFig-ure 11 tionof its sleeve.

. 4Figure -12 shows-the other tumbler anda portion ofits sleeve. f1 Figure l13 is a viewv of the knob stem.

Figure 14 is a view to Figurel. f

Figure 15 is a section on line 15--15 of Figure `14:.

Figure A'16 device.f. .1 f f Figure 17 is a perspective view of one of the tumblers. f A

Figure 18 is asection on line18'18 of Figure 3.

Figure .19 1s a plan viewwith'the latch shows oner'tumbler and a porfis aview of a-key used with the taken at right angles ffi- In `these views,' 1 indicates: a casing which f provided with the removable plate 2 and whichhas one' end attachedfto a face plate 3'which` is adapted to be counter sunk in the edge of a'door or other barrier A. A latch bolt 4 is slidably mountedin the casing and has its'b-eveled head passing through a hole inthe face plate so that itcan engage the keeper 5 in the 'door casing B. The stem of the latch bolt is forkedand passes through .Y an opening made in la slidable member 6 and it hasprogection's 7 at the .extremities of its prongs forengaging recesses 8 formed in the rear pai-tof the front part of membei 61so that the latchbolt can move rearwardly without int'eifference on the part of the member 6 but when said member is moved rearwardly it will vmove'the latch bolt with it on account of the projections 7 engaging the recesses8.v The latch bolt is held in projected position by means of a spring 9p'1aced on a pin '10 extending between the prongs ofthe bolt and passing through a projection 1-1 on 'the member 6. A cross piece 12 on the stem of the latch bolt will engage the projection 11 to limit the forward movement of the latch bolt by its spring. A spring 13 is connected with the forward end vof the .member 6 and witha pin 14 carried by the casing and tends to hold said member 6 in its forward position. The sidesof'the niember carry balls 15 which engage tliesides of the casing toprevent friction between the parts in the` movement ofthe member 6.2

From the foregoing' it will be seen s that when the beveled end yof the-latchboltstrikes the keeperplate in the closing of thev door said latch bolt will be vmoved inwardly against the action of its spring until it reaches the holein the keeper plate when the spring will force the bolt outwardly aga-irso that it will engage the Ikeeper opening and thus hold the doorin closed position. l/Vhen the member 6 is moved "rearwardly by turning a knob, as will be disclosed here inafter, its 'forward part engaging the pro-'- f jections 7 of the'bolt will cause vthe bolt to be retracted and then when the knob isre-v leased the springs 9 `and -13 .will move the parts to a position where the latch lbolt will be projected through the opening in. the

` keeper plate.

'1- The Aknob-stem 16 is of tubular cons-truc.

the stem. A plurality of holes 2O are formed in therouter end .of the stem for receiving a screw 21 which holds the outer knob to Atithe stem after the same has been screwed to its' proper position on the stem. The es cutclieonplate 22 isprovided with a flange for covering the screw when the parts arein correct position so that the outer knob Cannot be removed until the Ainner knob is loosened suliiciently to 'permit the stem to bepartly pulled from the door to expose the head of the screw. 1 Freni this construe. tion it will be seen that the knobs can be adjusted on the stem to fit different thick-V nesses of doors. The inner knob is held in its adjusted position by means of the screw 23. The inner escutcheon plate is shown at 24. y

Sleevesv 25 and 26 Aare placed in the stem Vandarc held therein by the pins 27 .Y The sleeve 25 iS provided with a'slot 28 which registers with the slot 19 in the stem and the inner end of each sleeve' is spaced from the notch 18 and this inner end of each sleeve is provided with a deep notch 29 and a shallow notch 30, the shallow notch of the sleeve l25 comnuinicating with the slot 28. Tumblers 31 and 32 are placed inthe inner'portionofthe sleeve and have their inner end parts extending into the notched part of the same. These tumblers are held inr place by the sleevesv and they are forced apartjby the spring 33 which has its ends set in `sockets 34 lformed in the innerv ends ofthe tumblers and the spring encircles a' pin 35 carried by one ofthe tumblers.- Each tumbler is provided with an ear 36 for cengaging the notches 29and 30 in the sleeves andit will be seen that when the Year engagesthe, shallow notch 30 the tumbler will be moved inwardly to a greater extent than when it cngages the deep notch 29. When it Lis in engagement with the deep notch the outer end ofthe tumbler will rest against the in ner end of the sleeve. each tumbler'is of cylindrical shape'to fit the stem and the outer end is` provided'with a lkeyhole 37. The inner end of each tu1n bler is providedwith a notch 38 for registering with the notch 18 in the stem` and the tumbler 31 is provided with a slot or groove 39 for registering with the slot 19 in the stem. Y

A ring member 40 is keyed lto the central part of the stem by the key 41, preferably formed on the ste1n,'and the outer escutcheon plate is provided with a groove 42 to per.- niit the key to pass when the stem .is being inserted or removed.' The ring member is composed of two ringsections x43 which are,

The major portion of t-atedk by the turning movement offthefstemthe member 6 will be moved rearwardly due to the engagement of one Yof the pro'ections with a post. By having Vtwo projections and two posts the member will be moved by a turning movement of the stem in either direction. Thus the latch bolt can be retra-cted by turning a knob in either one direction or the other and as soon as'the knob is released the springs will returnthe parts to a position with the latch bolt projected. v l

A locking dog 47 is pivotally supported in the casing by means of a pin 48 anda spring` 49 tends to hold the dog with its notched front end in alignment with the space between the prongs of the latchbolt. The'tail 50 of this dog enters the ring member and hasprojectionsthereon for engaging the 'inner circumference'of the two parts of the ring member and-said tail enters the notch l8 and is adapted to be struck by Veither tumbler when the same is turned by a key and this action willmove the dog to oney side or the other and thus place its notched head against one of the projections 7 which is of inclined' shape to lit the notch and thus prevent retraction of the latch bolt as long as the tumbler is in a position to hold the locking dog in position against the end of the latch bolt. As' will be seen the locking dog will engage either prong of the latch bolt according 'to the position the tumbler is turned so that it is not necessary to turn the tumbler in a certain direction. The slots 19, 28 and 39 in the stem, sleeve andtumbler, respectively, will permit these parts to pass the tail of the dog, as the parts are being assembled. As will be'seen each tumbler must be pushed inwardly against the action of the spring 33 to move the 'ear 36 out of the long slot 29 and thenthe tumbler is given a turningl movement luntil the ear 36 enters the shallow notch 30 and the tumbler willthen be" ina positiori'with its round wall, opposite the-notch .3.8, in engagement with the rtail of the dog and holdvi ing the dog inran inclined position as shown in either the full or dotted lines in Figure 2l. .ln this position the latch member cannot be retracted so that the door will remainA locked until vthe tumbler is shoved inwardly again andthen turned until the ear 36will engage the deep notch 29. Then the notch 38 will bein register with-,the notch `1S of the stem so that the tumbler will be out of the way ofthe tail of the dog` and then the spring't) will return the dog to its central posit-ion soV that it will notf interfere with the retraction movement of thecbolt. `In order to reach the key holes in the tumblers, the knobsare providedwith the key holes 5l so that a key, 'such as shown aty 52, can be" passed through the hole in the knob, through a portion of the hollow stem and into thel key hole formed vin the tumbler. Figures 23 and 24 show wards 53 placed on'the sleeve and tumbler so thatra key formed with similar wards must be used to unlock thedei vic'e." It will of course be understood, however, that any form of key and socket 'can be used with the device.

Ialso form each knob with a guiding re` cess 54 which acts to guide the key into the hole so that it is only necessary to place the key in the yrecess inthe. knob in order lto have it enter the key hole. This will facili tate the placing of Vthe key in the hole and it can be done just as easily at night and without seeing the hole. I also prefer to make the key with a rounded end, as shown' at55, which cooperates with the curved wall of the recess to direct the key to the hole.

From the foregoing it will be seen that the lock can be easily and quickly put in place by simply `making a small recess'in the edge of the door to receive the lock casing and to bore a hole through the door to receive the stem. No other holes are necessary. By threading the knobs to the stem, thc device can 4be adjusted to-it'different thicknessesof doorsand asthe screw which fastens the outer knob to the stem'is covered by the escutcheon plate this knob cannot' be removed in order todisassemble the parts to unlock the door. But a single bolt is Vused and this serves as a rlatch bolt andv a lockingbolt. The bolt will move inwardly in the ordinary manner when the door is shut by the engagement of its beveled head with the keeper plate and` it will also be moved inwardly when a knob is turned inv either direction. This latter movement results from the engagement of the poston the ring member enga-ging one of the projections 46 on the member 6 which moves the member G 'rearwardly vand this; action moves the latchbolt'to retracted position. lVhen the knob is released the springs return the parts toV normal position; AsV long as the tumblers 'remain in normal position the locking dog remains in its central position and-will not interfere with the movement of the latch bolt. When a tumbler lis adjusted to locking position by a key the locking dog isfswung over, as shown in Figure 2l', which will prevent movement of the bolt so that the door cannot bevo'pened. Wheny the tumbler ismoved to locking position'its lug engaging the shallow notch will. hold the tumbler in projected position and the other tumbler cannot be moved inwardly far enough to free its car from the long notch and as the tumbler for one side l zasof thefdoor cannot be reached by akey inserted yin the key hole at the opposite side it Will be seen that the door can only be ung locked from the saine side on which it has been locked. This will.prevent-agdoor from being unlocked from the outside of a room after it has been locked from the inside. yAs' thetumblers interrupt the vkey hole it will not be possiblefo'r a personto look into the-r room throug'h the key hole' andone tumbler having its `hinges on the left handA as it willr on a door having its hinges on the right hand side. The locking tumblers are located in thestem so that they can be'easily removed andnew tumblers inserted which. are designed to receive a different key. This is deSira-bleWhere a key has been lost.

It is thought from the foregoing description that the advantages and novel features of my invention will Vbe readily apparent.

I desire it lto be understood that I may make changes in the construction and in the combination and arrangement of the several parts, provided that such changes fall Within the scope of the appended claims.

W'hat I claim is pl- In combination with a lock,y its bolt and theV means for locking the bolt in projected position, a rotatably and slidably mounted tumbler, locking means for holding the tumbler against rotary movement, spring means for holding thedtumbler in engagement with its locking means and a key for sliding the tumbler out of engagement with its .locking means and then rotating the tumbler tocause it to engage the bolt locking means yto move the same to locking position.

2. In kcombination with a lock, its bolt and the means for locking the bolt in projected position, a pair of tumblers rotatably and slidably mounted in part of the lock, a locking means for cach tumbler for holding f the same against. rotary movement, spring means vfor`holding the tuinblers in engagement with the locking means `and a keyfor sliding either tumbler out of engagement with its locking means` and then rotating the same to cause'it to engage the bolt locking means to move the same to locking position.

3. A lock comprisingy a casing, a spring pressed bolt therein, a rotary stem inthe casing, means for retracting the bolt by the rotary movement of `the stem, a locking member- 'for holding thebolt in projected position, vapairfot tumblers A,slidably and rotatably supported in. thel stem,A locking means .for each tumbler for holding the same against rotary movement, spring means for holding the tumblers in engagement With the locking means anda keyl for permitting eithertumbler to -be moved inwardlyout of' actuated .member in the casing through which the bolt passes, a projection on the bolt engaging a part of the member lso that the bolt must move when the member is moved While the bolt has movement independent of the member, a knob stem passing through the casing, knobs on the stem, a member connected with the stem and enI gaging parts on the sliding member to re-Y tract the member by Athe knobs, `a 'locking dog for lholding the bolt in projected posi` tion, a pair of tumblers in the stem for moving the dog to locking position, said tumblers being rotatably and slidably mounted in the stem, springmeans- Jfor holding the tumbler-s inactive and the stem and knobs having openings therein through which a key' can be introduced for actuating the tumblers to cause themto engage the dog to move the same to locking position.

A lock of ythe class described comprising a casing, a' bolt slidably mounted therein, a hollow knob stem passing through the casing, means for retracting the bolt by .the turning movement of thestem, a locking dog for .holding the bolt in projected position, al pair of tumblers in the stem for moving the dog to locking position, said tumblers closing certain portions of the stem, a knob fastened to each end of the stem and having a key hole therein for permitting a key to be inserted in the stem to manipulate a tumbler, the manipulation of one tumbler acting to prevent movement of the second tumbler and to cause said second tumbler to act as a key guard.

(5. A lockof the class described comprising a casing, a bolt slidably mounted therein, a stem passing through the casing, means for retracting the bolt by the turning movement of the stem, a Vlocking dog in the casingfor holding the bolt in projected position,` a pairo-tumblers in thestem for moving rthe dog to locking position, spring means pressing vthe tumblers apart, each tumbler having an ear thereon and the stem having-parts provided with tvvoypairs of notches, a pair for each ear and one notch being longer than the other, the short notch holding thev tumbler vin locking position and a knob connected with each end of the stem and having a key hole therein for permitting a key to be introduced into the stem to manipulate a tumbler.

7. A lock of the class described comprising a casing, a bolt slidably mounted therein, a tubular stem passing through the casing, means for retracting the bolt by the turning movement of the stem, a locking dog for holding the bolt in projected p'osition, a pair of cylindrical tumbler-s rotatably mounted in the stem for holding the dog in locking position, said tumblers having notches therein for permitting the dog to remain in neutral position, a spring pressing the tumblers apart, said stem having parts, each of which is provided with a pair of notches, one notch being shorter than the other, an ear on each tumbler for engaging the notches of each pair, said ear and notches holding the tumbler in locking and unlocking positions, a knob connected with each end of the stem and having a key hole therein for permitting a key to be introduced into the stem to manipulate the n tumbler.

VILLIAM T. BLOUNT.

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