US1433778A - Means for distributing the combustion of gases - Google Patents

Description

APPLICATION FILED MAR 16, I920.

Patented Oct. 31, 1922.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HERMAN BURGI, OF SPRINGFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS; ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO CHARLES H. TENNEY, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT.

MEANS FOR DISTRIBUTING THE COMBUSTION OF GASES.

Application filed March 16, 1920.

To (all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I Hnmmx Boner, a citizen of the United tates, and 11rcsi.di.11g at Srnringliehl, Hampden County, State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful improvements in hleans for Distributing the Combustion of Gases, of which the following is specification.

This invention relates primarily to means for so regulating and controlling the combin-ation of gases entering a long flue or chimney at one end and passing along it to the other end so as to control and regulate the actual heating effect of the gases on the surrounding elements at the different points longitudinally of the flue. It was designed primarily for use in heating benches of re torts used in making coal gas and is shown in the drawings applled to that use, although it is not in its broader aspects limited in that respect. In making coal gas the retorts are usually arranged in tiers with vertical flue spaces between the adjacent tiers for the passage upward of flame and hot products of combustion to heat the retorts. Monoxide gas is generated below the flue and retorts and is discharged into the flue at the bottom with sufficient air to complete combustion. The actual combustion, however, does not extend very far up in the flue and since the burning or burned gases are giving up heat to the retorts which they pass they gradually lose their high temperature and heating effect and if the line is too long will not at theupper end be hot enough to heat a retort to the necessary temperature in gas making. The re sult has been that the benches of retorts in coal gas making have usually been low with only a few superposed retorts so that each should receive sufficient heat. Aside from the necessity for suflicient heat for each retort it is very desirable from the standpoint of uniformity and quality of the product that the heating of all the retorts shall be as near uniform as possible and it has been difficult to heat the upper retorts properly without overheating the lower retorts where the combustion is all at the lower end of the flue. My invention provides means by which the combustion is distributed along the fine and is not all at the lower end and the heat correspondingly distributed so as to heat all of the retorts to substantially the same degree. It furthermore permits Serial No. 366,181.

using a much higher tier of retorts than was possible heretofore and this is a result vhich has long been desired. This results in much economy in space, work and consumption of .el and secures a more uniform and better prmiluct. The novel features will be pparent from the following description and claims taken with the drawings.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a cross section through a bench otretorts and gas supply; and

Figure 2 is a partial section on the center line of Figure 1 showing a series of fines for different benches receiving gas from the same source.

In the drawings, 10, represents the walls made of refractory material in the usual Way constituting the furnace or combustion chamber for generating the hot gases. As is usual there a grate 11. on which coke is placed below which the necessary steam; and air are admitted to cause the necessary combustion to produce monoxide gas in the chamber 12. As is usual in such devices the chamber 12 extends along under a number of fines 13, 14:, 1.5 which extend up between tiers of retorts and the gas in the chamber 12 enters these lines at the bottom. The retorts in. each tier are ordinarily arranged as shown in Figure l, the retorts 16 being placed one above the other on one side of the fine 13 and the retorts 17. are similarly placed on the other side. .aiter the hot gases have passed up the flue 13 they pass over the top of the upper retorts and back down towards the bottom to an escape pipe, as is usual and well known. in this art. -Heretofore the 'n'acticc has been to supplyv sufiicient air to the botton'i of the title 18 at a point where the gases enter it from the chan'iber 12 to complete combustion and all of the combustion thus took place near, the bottom of the flue where the air had access to all of the-monoxide gas.

According to my invention the monoxid gas passes in a hot condition from the chamber 12 through a slot or passageway 18 to the discharge openings 19 and 20 into the bottom of the flue l3 and a part of those gases thus enter the flue at that point, but it will be observed. that there is a pipe 21. in commi-inication at its bottom with the passageway l8 and thus part of the monoxide gases instead of escaping through the openings enter? through the openings 19' and 2 and which suliicient to cause and complete the adilitional supply oil c 'hei'lue part up at the cnd oi: the pipe .i It will be observed tlier re than coz'ubustion takes place not merely at the bottom oi the line but also at a point selected above the bottom so as to distribute the actual combusion longitudinally 1 0'? which adi oil the line. P ' ding dampers 27 and 28 may be used to regulate the discharge oi; air and gas at the bottom at tie fine (nd a side i'alvc 29 may regulate the amount of gas passing up through. the Flue i. These valves or dampe s permit control oi the combustion to r-z ate the heat as desired as be the botten'i and the upper portion ojt t line, it will be undewtood that while i ve shoivnonly one point above the lower end where additional combustion is produced my invention in its broader aspects is not with in this respecc l find, however, that l; this one a lditional point for combustion enables me to use benches oil retorts including high as eight superposed retorts.

Having "l as described the invention What i new and desired to be secured by Letters atent i.

1. In a crevice for causing and properly distributing the heat of combustion of gases, he combination with an elongated combus- 1ion chamber, of a series of elements sucis claimet :essively at the sides or Walls of said chainie: to be heated with. sl'ibstantial uniformity icon: combustion in chamber, 111i s 'l'or sugnylying a combustible gas to one end ct said cha uber and burner nechanism for there disclnn'ging some oi? said gas into said chamber, means for supplying materially more air to said chamber at said burner mcchanisn'i than necessary to support the recombustion, means for conveying a part ot said combustible gases to a point reitudin iy of the chamber from said burnm sm and there so discharging said into sale chamber as to cause cornlnistion with the surplus passing air thus distributing the :ombustion and resulting heat along the chamber.

in a device of the class described, the combii'iation with an elongated vertical combus ion chamber, 01 a series of heat absorbing elements at successive elevations along it, means for supplying a combustible gas to the lower end of said chamber to burn therein, means for supplying an excess of air to the lower end of said chamber adjacent the gas inlet, and means for supplying additiona combustible gas to Said chamber ERblS above its lOWGl end thus disthe comluuttion and heat along the a device of the class described, the nition with a vertical. line or chamber, means for simplying to and. discharging into said chan'iber at its bottom a gaseous Ill X- tin'e containing hot monoxide gas, means tor admitting to said chamber adjacent the enteringgas more air than that necessary to coniiplc e the combustion of the gas, and

means conveying a gaseous mixture contz' hot monoxide gas from the bottom up an initially through the con'ilnistion zone and there discharging it iir'zothe up "Wil'tlfl' passing current of air and produi is m to cause additional ('o'ml .us

tion.

4t. nit device of the class described, the ation with a bench of retorts for i g coal gas arrange l in tiers with a vertical combustion line between them, tor gggenerating and supplying to the batten oi said flue hot gases containing monoxide g burner mechanism for admi part of said gases to said line at the ho n, upe :"iechamsm for conveying a part cl "l gases up said flue part way to the to p and there discharging them into the due, means for admitting suliicient air at the bottom. of said flue to cause complete combustion oil? the there admitted as Well as that admitted at the hi gher. elevation.

5. in a device oi? the class described, the combi nation with a vertical line or chamber,

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