US1432721A - Boiler - Google Patents

Description

D. M. NAIMITH. BOILER.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. I4, I92I.

1,432,721. Patented Oct. l?, i922.

3 SHEETS-SHEET ly `\\Il D. MNAISMITH.

BolLER. APPLICATION FILED FEB- l4. 1921.

Patented 001;. 17, w22.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2 Pg/r2;

nga.

mM. NAISMITH.

mLER. APPL-ICATlON FILED 'FEB. I4. 192|. l

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Patented' @et l?, QEE,

BQHALB BULISMITH, F ITTSURGH, PEIQ'NSYLVNI, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE MSIGNEZENTS, 0F ONE-HALF T@ @HE RFCLEEEAN CORPORATION, 0F PITTS- 'URGH, LENNSYLVNI, CEPQRATON F PENS'YLVANIA.

ecrans.

Application ule etruary lll, leal. Serial Eto. fees.

To all whom t may concern .1

Be it known that L Donnino M. NMSMITH,

a citizen of the United States, residing at Pittsburgh, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful improvements in Boilers, of which the tollowin is a specification.

My' inventionre ates to improvements in the construction of water tub'e boilers, and

lo more particularly that class of boilers where the superimposed drums or heads'are connected with lower mud drums or heads by plural banks of circulating tubes for the production of steam. I

The particular feature o invention involved herein is the provision of a drum 1nterposed between adjacent steam `olrurnsand l in' the course of circulation of steam, or of steam and water, in its passage to the final steam collecting drum, whereby to provide 'an intermediate separating chamber for effecting complete separation of any entrained -water from-the steam and delivery of resulting dry steam at the steam nozzle, even though the feed water may contain impurities which would cause foaming or priming in other constructions of boilers. The invention has in view to eiect such desirable separation of entrained water from the '30 steam and also the prevention of any w'ater entering the superheater, if used.

ln the drawings, which illustrate certain preferred embodiments of the invention, the boiler is rep; `:sented merely in cross section through the complete boiler setting, it being understood that the extent of the several drums and their banks of tubes may be ,to any desired degrei lengthwise of the boiler unit, and that further illustration of such 'construction is unnecessary to those familiar with this art. l

Fig. l is a View in cross section through a boiler setting constructed according to my invention;

Fig. 2 is a detail sectional view showing means for protecting the intermediate sepa- 'rating vdrum and omitting any bailling walls;

Figs. 3 and 4 are detail sectional views showing various arrangements of balflin walls in connection with the standard drum and connecting tube construction;

Fig. 5 is a sectional detail view showing 'malnnpper water inlet and steam j'7 are connected a modified construction `of intermediate drum and the circulation of, a portion ofthe gems therethrough from the :furnacel and baclr to the main circulation; tand F 6 is a further sectional. detail'view showing the steam delivery drum provided with a perforated partition.

he entire boiler unit, as is usual, is enclosed within a setting utilizing supporting and'closing walls 2 withany suitable vfurnace construction 3, and, if desired, fuel supply mechanism 4 of any appropriate type. Suitable outlet connection for the gases of combustion leading tothe stack are,

necessarily of course, utilized but are not herein specifically illustrated or described.

'lbe construction as illustrated utilizes a Supply drum 5, a lower mud drum 6, an upper water and steam drum 7, and an intermediete steam separating drum 8. Primary drum aand mud .drum 6 are connected by the bank of tubes 9j, and drum and drum tubes '10 and 11, tion of the water downwardly through tubes 9, then upwardly through b ank of tubes 10 to drum 7, and downwardly through tubes 1l; to drum 6.

Drum 8, which is the novel feature of the invention, is located entirely outside of the water circulatory' system, and is furthermore elevated entire y above the Awater level of drums 5 and 7. As shown, drum 5 is also considerably higher and with a proportionately greater open area than drum 7,` the cross area ofwhich is submerged to about its.J middle, as shown. YSeries of tubes 12 connect the upper portion of drum 7 with drum 8 for carrying over into said drum steam from drum 7, together with any entrained water therein. neet the opposite side of drum 8 with primary drum 5, whereby dry steam disassociated from any Water content whatever, is carried over from drum 8 and delivered to the steam containing drurii 5 having the usual outlet connection 14. It desired, tubes 13 may be increased toany desired number, as ata 13a, Fig. 3, whereby tov reducethe velocity of the steam in its4 passageA toward 'drum 5.

Connected with over to the lower side by the associated banks of providing for main circula- Similar tubes 13 conportion of drum 5, preferably below the `water level thereof, are the tubes 15 by i which any water separated from the steam in drum 8 is returned directly to the water circulatory system through drum 5. ln a similar manner, series of tubes 16 connect drui'n 7 with drum 5 preferably below the water level of each, whereby to provide for transverse circulation of water from one to the other. These, however, may be omitted, if desired, without materially ailfecting the operation. The lower most drum 6 is provided with a blow-ofix and drain pipe 17 for the purpose of conpletely emptying the entire boiler, cleanirnr, the mud drum, etc. y

ln the construction shown in. Fig. 1, baffle plates or walls 18, 19, 20 and 21 are located -at the positions and heights illustrated, to'

gether with addition al supplemental bafflingl walls or plates at various locations, as shown, whereby to provide for the circulan tion of gases of combustion, as indicated by the arrows through the :several banks of tubes and lengthwise of them, as well as against the lower drum 6, the gases finally passing out underneath upper drum 5 and between theindividual tubes 9 to the outlet stack.

' Incidentally, drum 8 may be provided with a detlecting or baille plate or abutment 22 whereby to interfere with the ldirect progress ot steam, or steam and water passing over through tubes 12, so as to break up its passage directly to the tubes 13 leading to drum 5. By this construction, any remaining associated water is vthoroughly and etf'ectually separated, and will drain off through tubes 4 The steam and water being' thus separated in drum 8, the dry steam then passes through tubes 13 to drum 5, for collection and use, as desired. The particular purpose of the tubes 16 between drums 7 and 5 is to relieve 'any tendency of the water in drum 7 to pile up or accumulate therein, allowing it to freely passover to drum 5 and into the circulation.

Theimportance and advantage of the desirable circulation of steam and Water effected v by the construction within and through the `several elements above described., lwill be appreciated from t-hc fact l that the steam is-first retrieved or collected in the substantmlly half .drum space of drum 7, from whence it is then carried over intoi the `full area or space of drum 8, re-l served entirely for steam where crnnplcte and ypositive separation ot any entrained wateris etfected. From this drum, it is thenv conveyed over to 'the comparatively large space of drum' 5 which is consider. 'ably nxorc'tbzin half of its cross sectional .arca or drum space. so that the tendency 'of the steam to separate from. any associated water and to collect in an entirely dr7 form in the final delivery drum 5 is positively assisted and effected. Feed water viay be initially supplied to the circulation by a pipe 23, connected with druin 5 below the water line, as shown.

By reason of the construction and arrangement of the three drums 7, 8 and 5, and of plural tubes 13 when used, the velocity oit the steam is slowed down to a comparatively low rate in drum 8 and also in drum 5 before it reaches the steam nozzle. Drum 8 beingr thus isolated entirely out of the water circulatory system, offers its full, volurne for the slowing down and water separating process.

The baille 24C, as shown in Fig. 1, completely encloses the space between drums and 5 above the tubes 16 and below tubes 12, 13 and 15 and drum 8, so that drum 8 and said tubes are protected from the direct heat of the gases. However, ballie 2d or any portion of it may be omitted if desired, so as to utilize the gases of combustion with relation to these elements. In 'Fig'. 2, I show the baille entirely omitted, but with a protecting covering 25 around the underside of drum 8, supported in any suitable manner, as by straps 26 depending from the construction.

ln Fig. 3, I show a portion only of the baffle wall as 24a at one side, exposing tubes 15 and 13 or 13 to the gases, while Fig. Il shows an alternative arrangement ot baffle 24 vexposing tubes 12. The construction otherwise is as already described, and the several parts are similarly identified by cor.L responding' numerals having the exponent a and 25 respectively. 1t will be understood, of course, that any other variation or disposition of the battling walls may be utilized so as to vary the heatingY effect as desired, within the judgement of' the designer or builder.

Fig. .5 shows the intermediate drum 8c of a modified construction, utilizing vertical' transverse vgas circulation tubes 27 and withan outer enclosing wall 28. In such case, the gas circulation is upwardly through a valve-controlled port 29 and thence over to and through the tubes 27 of the drum 8c, and then downwardlylas already described. ln thisarrangement, lymay utilize any number of individual drums 8 or 8c connected 'with drums 7 and 5 byi the transverse steam 'customary feed watersupply pipe 23 enterini;r at any suitable point belowthe upper steam collecting chamber 30. A perforated partition 31extends'across the middle portion of drum 5 and separates its lower water ice ISU

` This partition tends to segregate tne tubes, etc. The drum 8 provides for coincontaining portion trom tbe steam collecting' chamber, above' the @veter inlet.,

Water endsteem cavities but, of course; -is not-Y necessarily utilized. The usual steam cntlet 32 is connected 'with tbe upper portion ofdruni 5, es shown. f

The construction and operation oi? the boiler will be readily uniierstoorl nini eppre elated oy ell tbe-se familier with the The general arrangement ot the several drums and circulating tubes provides `for ample anrljtliorough application oit tbe heet y of the furnece gases, and for the inclusion of any suitable or standarrl'iorm of snp-elieater, as indicated at 33. The entire construction is very compact in design the steam generating elements have theirlieiiting)y surfaces so presented to the path of the gases that they ere utilized in tbe moet etn cient wey. The several elements proportionately arranged `for tbe loes-t results as to installation, location of the several battling Walls, repair or replacement of plete separation of the entrainecl water from the steam and consequent delivery of flry steani even though tlie feed Water might contain impurities which would cause tocining or priming in other boilers, n

A great advantage in tiiis respect is the.

Yprevention of slugs or entrainedwater en` tering the super-heater. l i iiirtiicr ativantage is the possibility o'obtaining' a superheating eect during the trovel of tbe steam from drum 7 through tubes 1:2 to druin and from drum 8 through tubes 13 to drum 5. As shown, this;super-heatingeffect moy be regulated by varying the bait ing to close oil any portion of the heating surfaces.

The rear bank of tubes 9 contributes to economy/'of the heat, While an uninterrupted circulotion is provided upvvarflly through tubes 3.0 sind downwardly tlirouirli4 tubes ll, in tlie zone of greatest heet. The invention also provides 'for e. very ei'iicient battling, e highly desirable super-heater location, and o very practicable furnace ac- What l claim is:

l. ln oivater tube boiler, the combination with tivo outermost upper water circulation drums each having downwardly vcirculating heatingtube connections with ,tion 'and constituting the final isteam supply drinn, e lower mud drinn, and independent bsnli's of iiownnferclly circulating. Water tubes connecting eecli water circulation clruni with tlie niort tirurn, ot arreter operating steam dr nn Located between the upper (ironie above the water level thereof and having steam receiving` connection with one of tlie outer connection Vwith the other or final steam supply drum.

s water tube boiler, on upper drum in noter circulation with the 'heating elenients of a boiler unit and provi-fled with a @veter inlet and e steam outlet connection, an opposite upper drum also in Water circulation vinili tlie heetingelenients of o boiler unit, and e drum intervening between said drums above the Water level thereof having steam receiving connection with eail opposite drum and steamA supply connection with tbe otlier i'lruin bef ing the Weiber' and. steoni outlet connection. t

niente of e boiler unit :incl provided with a water inletv and a steam outlet connection,

an opposite upper drum also in water circulation with tbe heating elementsof s boiler unit, and e, drum intervening between st' drums and Steam upplyin a Water tube boiler, an. upper drum' vin wete-r circulation with the' heating elel said` drums above the Wcter level thereof a of two outermost drums each innater re ,turn circulation with/tbe beating elements of a boiler unit, one constituting e Water receiving and supply drinn and rovifleil Yivitii a steam outlet conn'ectiom'o an intervening water separating steam drumj havingr steam receiving connection with one of said outermost drums and an iiiterior-obstruction baille. plete extending across such'` connection, steam supply connection with the other or steein supply drum, and e lower baille in protective relation to said intervening drum.

c f G. in o water tube boiler, the combination with :i pair of upper drums in Water'.

return circulation with ovloiver drum by series ot banks of tubes, one of seid upper drums having o water supply and a steam outlet, oi a iiiruni 'intervening between the upper drums elevated above 'the Water level and provided with steam receiving. tubes connectingr it with one of' said drums :ind steoin supply tubes connecting it with the other, a drain tube connecting tbe lower portion or" the intervening drum with the steam outlet' drinn, and' a baille arranged below said middle drum'and circulation tubes. 1 K

i. ln a Watertube boilers the combinetioii with. o pair or upper in 'wet/ei: circulation with Athe heating elements of a boiler unit, of an intervening steam separating unit, one havinga'steani outletconnection, of drum having a steam receiving commotionA an mtervening steam separating drum havwith one of said drums and a steam snpply ing a steam receiving connection with one connection with the other, and a steam teke- -5 of said drains and a steam supply and drainofi' connection with one of said upper water age connection with the other o1' steam outdrums. 1 le: drum. In testimony whereof I hereunto a'ix my 8,. In a Water tube boiler, the combination signature. with, a pair'ogf upper drums in water circu- 10 ation with-th heating elements of a boiler DONALD M. NAISMITH.

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