US1432521A - Vaporizing system for producing high-grade feed water for steam boilers - Google Patents

Description

H. BALCKE.

VAPORIZING SYSTEM FOR PRODUCING HIGH GRADE FEED WATER FOR STEAM BOILERS. APPLICATION FILED M16 26. 1921.

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UNETLED TATES PATENT @FFHQE.

HANS BALCKE, OF BOCHUM, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR T0 MASCHINENBAU AKTIEN- GESELLSCHAFT BALCKE, OF BOCHUM, GERMANY.

VAPORIZING SYSTEM FOR PRODUCING HIGH-GRADE FEED WATER. FOR STEAM BOILERS,

Application filed August 26, 1921.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HANS, BALCKE, a citizen of Germany, residing at Bochum, i. lV.,.Germ any, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in vaporizing Systems for Producing High-Grade Feed Water for Steam Boilers; and I dohereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact de scription of the invention, such as will enable other s' skilled in the art to which it, appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to 'im rovements in vaporizing systems for producing high grade feed water forsteam boilers, and more articularly in systems of that class, in w ich feed water is improved by distillation, for example by first vaporizing unpurified water by means of live steam and condensing the vapor thus produced. For economical reasons it has been proposed to provide a vaporizer made in two sections arran ed in succession, and to supply the steam from the first vaporizer section to the heating means of the second one, and to condense the vapor from the second vaporizer section. Thou h this method is more economical than t e method in which the heat of the whole mass of vapor is removed by the cooling medium, yet it is objectionable because the heat of the vapor from the second vaporizer section is wasted.

One of the objects of the improvements is to provide a system in which the loss of heat connected with the condensation of the vapor is avoided. With this objectin view my invention consists in providing two vaporizer sect-ions, heating the second one by the vapors generated within the first one, and heating the first vaporizer section by means of the residual vapors generated within the second vaporizer section, which residual vapors are compressed to the pressure necessary for heating by means of a thermocompressor and have a certain amount of live steam added thereto. Another object of the improvements is to provide systems of this type with means for preventing the deposition of scale within the vaporizer sections, and with this object in view I provide a plate boiler in connection with the vaporizer and before suppl ing the unpurified water to the vaporizer boil the same within the said plate boiler, so that the matter tending to produce the scale is deposited within the plate boiler. A further object of Serial No. 495,741.

theimprovements is to dispense with a speclal heating apparatus for the plate boiler, for which purpose I heat the same by means ofresidual vapor from the second vaporizer section. My invention also consists in providing .an apparatus between the plate boiler and the vaporizer by means of which any calcareous matter and other sediments which might still be contained within the water after the preliminary boiling are separated, so that the water fed into the vaporizer is free of impurities. Finally my invention relates to the construction of the vaporizer insuring a good transmission of the heat and to certain details of construction all of which will be described hereinafter.

For the purpose of explaining the invention an example embodying the same has been shown inthe accompanying drawings, in which the same reference characters have been used in all. the views to indicate corresponding parts. In said drawings,-

1, is a view of the system partly in section,

Fig. 2, is a vertical longitudinal section of the plate boiler, and

Fig. 3 is a vertical section taken on the line AA Fig. 2.

In the example shown in Fig. 1, my improved system comprises a vaporizer made in two sections 1 andl each consisting of a vertical cylindrical receptacle 2 provided with a bottom 3 in the form of a funnel having an outlet 4 for drawing out the mud. The receptacle 2 is provided with two horizontal partitions 5 and 6 connected by tubes 7 providing the heating means for the vaporizer. The heating apparatus divides the receptacle 2 into two chambers, the upper chamber 8 or 8 being the steam chamber and the lower chamber 9 or 9 the water chamber. As shown in the figure, the. level of the water corresponds to the upper discharge end of a circulating pipe 10. lVithin the pipe 10 there is a small pump '11 adapted to circulate the Water through the tubes 7 and the pipe 10. The steam chamber 8 of the first vaporizer section 1 is connected by a conduit 12 with the heating apparatus 13 of the second vaporizerv section, and the steam chamber 8 of the second vaporizer section 1 is connected by pipes 14 and 15 with the heating apparatus 16 of the first vaporizer section. The pipe 15 includes a vapor compressor 17 of any known or pre ferred construction. In .the example shown in the figure live steam is supplied thereto through a pipe 18 discharging into a nozzle 19, whereby the vapor is drawn in by suction and compressed. F mm the pipe 14 a pipe 20 is branched ofl which is connected with a plate boiler 21 for supplying thereto a part of the residual vapor from the second vaporizer section 1 and heating the unpurified water fed into the boiler through a pipe 22. The boiler is connected by a pipe 23 with an apparatus 24 for feeding thereto the boiled water from the boiler 21 and separating any limy matter or other impurities which might still be suspended in the water. As shown the said apparatus is in the form of a cylindricalreceptacle having filtering layers 25 and 26 adapted to separate the finest particles of scale from the water. apparatus 24 is connected by pipes 29, 27, and 28.with the circulating pipes 10, so that the water from the apparatus 24 is fed to the said pipes and forced by the pumps 11 into the water chambers of the vaporizer sections 1 and 1 a The operation of the system is as follows:

' lVhile vaporization has not yet been brought to its full efiect a comparatively large volume of live steam is supplied to the system through the pipe 19 for heatingthe first vaporizer section 1. Thereby the water contained therein is gradually heated, and the vapors developedwithin the steam chamber 8 pass through the pipe 12 to. the heating chamber-13 of the second vaporizer section 1 The water contained therein is gradually heated, and the vapor arising within the steam chamber 8 passes into the pipel l. By the suction of the thermo-compressor 17 the greater part of said vapor is drawn off through the pipe 15 and, compressed within the nozzle 19. Now the system is in full operation and the supply of live steam throughthe pipe 18 is' considerably reduced. The vapors flowing through the heating systems 7 are cooled by giving ofi' their heat to the water, and they are condensed and gathered at the bottoms of the chambers 13 and 16, from which they are withdrawn in the form of distilled water through pipes 30 and 31 and into receptacles 32 and 33. A small part of the vapor from the second vaporizer section 1 flows throu h the branch pipe 20 and into the plate boi er 21.

As appears more particularly from Figs. 2 and 3, the boiler 21 consists of a vessel 21 having a bottom in the form of two funnels 34. each havin an outlet for the discharge of deposits, w ich are normally closed by slide valves 35.. The unpurified water is fed into the vessel through the pipe 22 and is withdrawn therefrom through the pipe 23. Vlithin the vessel there are sets of plates 36 which are bent laterally at their upper ends and are alternately inclined to opposite sides.

The

Thereby between pairs of plates flat funnel shaped spaces 37 are provided, and adjacent funnels are displaced with relation to each other by being alternately disposed at different heights. The vessel is traversed by steam distributing pipes 38 connected to the supply pipe 23. The pipes 38 are formed with slots or holes 39 for the passage of the steam therethrough. Theplates 36 are formed with vertical slots 40 straddling the pipes 39 and permittin the plates to-be taken from the vessel an to be put into the same and on the pipes 39. The ascending water moves in the direction of the arrows shown in Fig. 2 and having now wings and along the outer faces of the tunnels provided by the plates 36, and is directed by the outwardly bent upper portions of the lower plates against the outer walls of the upper plates. The descending water flows through the tunnels. By thus constructing the plates the matter forming the scale is thoroughly precipitated, experiments having shown that the said matter is precipitated on the curved outer faces of the plates in a more effective way than on plane sur faces.

If after some time of use the plates have been covered by a layer of deposited matter, they are withdrawn upwards and cleaned by merely beating oft" the deposit. The boiler separates most of the matter forming the scale, before the water is fed into the vaporizer. Any impurities which might not yet have been removed are separated within the apparatus 24.

s compared to systems now in use my imprdv'ed system is preferable for the following reasons: By transmitting all the heat supplied to the system by the thermo-compressor exclusively to the distilled water, the heat required in the operation is completely put to use, so that theoretically the system has an efficiency of 100%. Of course, practically this efiic-iency can not be full attained by reason of unavoidable osses caused by radiation of heat. However, it will be understood that the economy of my improved s stem is very high. As a matter of fact l am enabled with one kilogram of live steam to distill 3.5 kilograms of raw water. 7

While in describing the invention reference has been made to a particular example embodying the same, I wish it to be understood that I do not limit myself to the system heat the same by live steam, in which case in lieu of the pipe 20 a pipe ll is provided which is connected with the su ply of live. steam and which is shown in Fig. 1 in dotted lines. However, I have found the system described above to be more -economical.

l claim:

l. A system for the distillation of liquids, comprising a boiler having a liquid supply and discharge, plates suspended in its liquid chamber and heating means, a vaporizer connected with said discharge for having liquid from said boiler supplied thereto and provided with heating means adapted to be operated by vaporized liquid, means to compress the vapor produced in said vaporizer, to apply heat thereto, and to supply the same to the heating means of the vaporizer, and means to withdraw from said heating means condensed liquid,

2. A system -for the distillation of liquids, comprising a boiler having a liquid supply and discharge. and heating --means, a vaporizer connected with said discharge for having liquid from said boiler supplied thereto and provided with heating means adapted to be operated by vaporized liquid, means to compress vapor produced in said vaporizer, to apply heat thereto, and to supply the same to the heating means of the vaporizer,

a tubular connection between the vaporizer and the heating means of the boiler, and

means to withdraw :troin said heating means condensed liquid.

3. A. system for the distillation of liquids,

comprising a boiler having a liquid supply and discharge and heating means, a filtering apparatus connected with said discharge from the boiler, a vaporizer connected with said filtering apparatus for having liquid from the filtering apparatus supplied thereto and provided with heating means adapted to be operated by vaporized liquid, means to compress the vapor produced in said vaporizer, to apply heat thereto, and to supply the same to the heating means of the vaporizer, and means to withdraw from said heating means condensed liquid. 7

4. A boiler for precipitating foreign mat ter from liquids, comprising a receptacle, upright pairs of plates within said receptacle the plates of each pair being arranged to flare outwards. and upwards and having their upper portions bent outwards, and said pairs of plates-being alternately disposed at different heights, and heating means for said receptacle.

5. A boiler for precipitating foreign matter from liquids, comprising a receptacle, transverse heating pipes within said receptacle, and plates removably mounted in said receptacle, and having slots open at their lower ends and traversed by said pipes and heating means.

In testimony whereof ll hereunto affix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

HANS BALCKE. Witnesses @rro Sonrniuaonnn, Dr. Hans Banner

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