US1429818A - Gas engine - Google Patents

Description

E. l. AND J. F. W'OLF.

GAS ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED IIIAY 24. |920.

1,42%818., Patentedsept. 19, 1922.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

. F. WOOLF.

GAS ENGINE.

APPLICATION man MAY 24. |920.

.ANDJ

Patented Sept 1&9, 1922 s sums-SHEET 2.

A TTOR'NE Ys E. I. ANDI. F. WOOLF. GAS ENGINE. APPL|cAT|oN-mn MAY 24, 1920. 1,429,818., PatentedSept. 19, 1922.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

F/G-c as 3Q f 4o as u I'- 42 ,43 3| I `\N l o o o o` I y 44 4s 54v l 4a l 'If 6| n 'es 24 K I VL" l| I I 'ze I 64' JAY /r` Woo/ F INVENTORS.

A TTORNEYS.

Patented Sept. 19, 1922.

NETE@ S'FTFS FTENF @Ffiifh ELLIS J'. WOOLF ANI) JAY F. WOOLF, 0F MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA, ASSIGNORS TO THE 'WOOLF CYCLE MOTOR COMPANY, OF MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA, A CORPORATION I OF ARIZONA.

GAS ENGINE.

Application filed May 24,

To all whom t may concer/n,

Be it known that we, ELLIS J. WooLF and JAY F. WooLr, citizens of the United States, residing at Minneapolis, in the county of Hennepin and State of Minnesota, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gas Engines, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to gas engines of the two-cycle type and has for itsv object to provide improved means of carbureting and controlling the charging Huid and of cooling the cylinder without the use of water or other circulating medium.

The full objects and advantages of .our invention will appear in connection with the detailed description thereof and are particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings illustrating an application of our invention in one form,-

Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation view taken through the motor including a pair of cylinders on the line 1--1 of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a sectional plan view taken on line 2-2 of Fig.'1. Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation view on line 3 3 of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a sectional rplan view on line 4-4 of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is an enlarged sectional elevation view taken on line 5-5 of Fig. 2.

Our invention is shown applied to a double-unit engine, that is a unit including two v cylinders, in which application it is most efficient, but the principles of the invention may be applied efficiently to one or any desired number of cylinders. As shown, explosion cylinders 10, 11 are closed at their top by plugs 13 embodying the usual spark plug. Cylindrical casings 14, 15 surround the lower part of the cylinders 10 and 11 and extend a considerable distance below, the lower open end of cylinders 10 and 11 opening directly into the interior of cylinders 14 and 15. Within cylinders 10 and 11 operate the main pistons 16, 17 which are formed integral with enlarged pistons 18, 19 operating within the cylinders 14, 15. The crankshaft 20 is journaled in a multiplicity of bearings formed in conjunction with the walls of cylinders 14, 15 extending across an eccentric chamber 21. The crankshaft has in eccentric chamber 21 an eccentric 22 which communicates by a compoundl rod 23, 24 with a pair of tubular valve members 25, 26 integrally connected and movable 1920. Serial No. 383,733.

as a unit and operating in a cylindrical valve chamber 27 formed between the cylinders 14 and 15. The upper end of valve chamber 27 leads directly into an exhaust pipe 28 as shown in Figs. 1 and 5 and this exhaust pipe is surrounded by a casing 29 forming an, annular chamber 30. Airkpassageways` 31 and 32 are formed by casing extensions as indicated in Fig. 3. Passage 31 communicates with the outside air through ports 34 and 35, while similar ports 36 and 37 lead to passageway 32, the latter ports preferably being partially closed by plugs 38. Airv from passageway 31 passes through a passage 39 intov the space 30 surrounding theJ exhaust tube 28, from which 1t goes by a passageway 40 into the passage 41from the passageways 32. Passageway 41 communicates through a port 42 with the primary Iinlet of carbureter mechanism 43 secured vupon the engine casing immediately back of the valve chamber 27. rllhis air then passes through a port 44 past the needle valve 45 yfor supplying fuel from feed 46, thence through a reversely-curved passage 47 and a second passage 48 directly to the interior of valve chamber 27 below the valve member 25. This primary air will therefore be considerably heated by passage along and around the exhaust pipe 28.

The inlet and exhaust of the engine both pass through similar passageways into the valve chamber 27. These passageways are well illustrated in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 wherein a multiplicity of exhaust ports 50 (in the example shown being four in number) communicate with passages 51, 52 which open into the valve chamber 27 and exhaust directly through the same into exhaust pipe 28, the exhaust from the two cylinders 10 and 11 being regulated or controlled by the upper portion of valve 25. y

It will thus be seen that not only is the primary air going to the carbureter heated by passage'over and around the exhaust pipe 28, but also by passage along walls 53 separating exhaust passages 52 from passages 31 and 32. Ports 54 positioned below ports 51 lead from cylinders 10 and 11 through passageways 55 into chambered passageways 56 at the sides of the cylinders 14 and 15, said chambered passageways being formed by casing members 57, 58 formed in conjunction with base members 59 so that the passages 56 are' in communication with 4lower valve members 25 and, 26`and passes through ports 61 and passageways 62 (indicated in dotted lines in' F ig. 3) into chambers 56 at a point somewhat below the passageways 55 by which such fuel mixture is ultimately introduced yinto cylinders 10 and 11. i" i Adjacent to carbureter passageway 43 for primary airis a secondary air passageway 63 which 'communicates by passage 64 with the eccentric chamber 21, which eccentric chamber, as heretoforenoted, is in direct communication with the lower `part of the valve chamber27.v The lower valver member 26 is, as shown, providedwithstaggered half-cylindrical portions alternately registering with ports 65 and 66 entering the interior of cylinders 14 and 15 below piston members 18 and 19, by which means the secondary air is sucked into the said cylinders and into the crank chambers 60 from whence l it isv forced intoy the ,chambers 56 A; zba'clrof the fuel charge entering said chambers from passageways V62. The outstroke-.of pistons 18 or 19 will thus have the effect of forcing the unheatedy cold'air which has passed into the cylinder chamber 14 or 15 and crank chamber 60, through .the chambers 56,y and into cylinders 10 and 11 through ports 54 shortly after ports 50 are uncovered for exhaust. r1`hey result is that therev is driven into the explosion cylinder after exhausta stratified charge of scavenging air trapped in chambers 56 and passageways 55 above thecharge coming through passageways. 63, then the fuel charge and finally-additional air to mixtherewith and form perfect combustion, insuring complete injection of the fuel charge without waste or'without loss through exhaust ports, and leaving a fresh charge ofcold air in the upper portion ,of chambers 56 and in passages 55 for the succeeding cycle. e y, f y

The pump members 1,8, 19 also operate to force a large stream of'atmospheric air along the walls of cylindersl() and 11 and around exhaust passages 51,52 in' suchwise as to effect cooling without the use of any water circulation. The construction for effecting this is best shown in Figs. 8 and 4. Surrounding the upper portion of cylinders 10 and 11 and positioned in annular relation thereto is a cylinderho'od .70 which is'connected by a multiplicity ofr radial pin members 71 castintegrally betweenl cylinder 10 and cylinderO.. The cylinderslO (or 11) and 7() form an annular chamber bridged by numerous pins 71and which chamber has an annular'passageway 73 opening into an annular chamber 74 surrounding cylinder 10 immediatelyk above the exhaust passageways 51. As shown in Fig. 2, the chamber or passageway 74 communicates by vertical passageways 5, 76,77 and 78, going by ythe exhaust passage 51 to a secondjannular chamber 7 9 wherein is an annular flange 80 'for constraining the airfto movel along'the lower walls of exhaust passages 51 and against the lower portion 'of walls"l of cylinder 1() (or 11). F rom chamber 79 the air passes around the'inlet passages 55 into an annular chamber 81 below the same in direct communication `with. the chamber formed by cylinders 14 -or 15abovepistons 18 or 19. Surrounding Ythe cylin'derYO is a cylindrical hood 82 which forms an annular kchambered passageway 83ropen to atmosphere atthelowerpart, as indicated at 84, and communicating` .throughV an .annular y opening 85 with the upper partrof the cham-y ber formed between cylinders 10 andfO.`

It will .be apparent from theabovef'de- Y.

`scription that vasf piston (or719) 'moves yback and forth it will alternatelyv draw.v and force out a large volumeofair through the series of passageways 837;? 3,7 4, 9, 81.; This air will, therefore,"travel inv immediate proximity and in contact with outenwallspf l cylinder 10p` or the'outer walls ofexhaust passageways y51, around theheat-withdrawing pins 71 vand along` both walls ofthe cylinder v70 ,communicating throughthe pins z 71 with the main vwalls.offcylinder 10.

lThe result is `that the explosion cylinder and the exhaustl passageways f are `maintained ata sufliciently reduced temperature to operate without the use vof any cooling medium @other thanthe air pumped in andout by the action of the upper- portionlof piston 18 or 19. At thesame time. the pistons ,18v (or 19), in cooperation with the valve- members 25 and 26 and the doubleepassaged ,carburet-er mechanism 43, 63 are operatingtodraw charges of explosive mixture and of atmospheric air and to cause said charges to -be delivered into the. chambers 56; in stratified relation and thereafter to be forced into the explosion cylinder whereby scavenging air first, enters, followed byy the fuel charge and in turn followed by atmospheric air back ofthefuel.

e During the downward or working stroke `of they pistons, the sleeve valves close the chargingports. and the large ends of the pistons Aclose the free-air' ports and ,pre-` compressionl beginsv in the crankf chamber.

This pre-compression `continues until the l sleeve valves `first uncover the outer exhaust ports and -the piston heads next uncover the inner exhaust ports and exhaust/the combustionk cylinders down toless than charging pressure Land] finally uncover ythe Ycharging 1 ports when the pre-compressed mixture en- 'i ters ythe combustion cylinders the scavenging airv first sweeping the piston heads and meetmg at a .Common Center @acqua-1' .v0.1-

umes and under equal pressures is deflected upward through the central Zone of the combustion cylinders to the centrally located sparli plugs and is deflected around and over the wall of the compression space, then downward over the -`cylinder walls toward the exhaust ports.

As the sleeve valve closes the exhaust ports before the piston head closes the charging ports, the freshcharge will not reach the eX- haust ports, and the products of the previous combustion not expelled by the incoming charge will be left immediately surrounding the closed exhaust ports while the free air following the gas charge into the cylinders is left immediately over the piston heads, thus stratifying the gas and air in the combustion cylinders.

The result is a self-contained air-cooled two-cycle motor wherein a single valve conw trols the operation of two units and all parts are operated directly from the crankshaft and in conjunction with the engine piston.

We claim:

l. A two-cycle engine comprising a 'cylinder casing having a series lof annular inlet ports, a casing surrounding said cylinder and providing chambered passageways in communication with said ports, a crank-case Ychamber in communication with said chambered passageways, a valve chamber, means for admitting fuel mixture into one part of said valve chamber and for'admitting atmospheric air into another part of said valve chamber, means for admitting said fuel miX- ture from the valve chamber into said chamberedpassageways, means for admitting the air from said valve chamber into the crankn casechamber, and a valve member movable as a unit in said chamber for controlling the admission of said fuel gas and air.

2. A two-cycle engine comprising a cylinder casing and inlet ports thereto, a second casing forming a. chambered passageway a crank casing in communication'with said passageway, means for admitting fuel mixtureinto the chambered passageway,'means for admitting atmospheric air into the crank-case chamber, and a valve member movable as a unit and operated in timed relation to the movement of the engine piston for controlling the admission of said fuel gas and air.

3. A two-cycle engine comprising a cylinder casing and inlet ports thereto, a second casing forming a chambered passageway a crank casing in communication with said passageway, means for admitting fuel mixture into the chambered passageway, means for admitting atmospheric air into the crank-case chamber, and al valve member comprising a pair of integrally-connected yportions movable as a unit in timed relation to the movement of the engine piston, one of said portions controlling admission of fuel mixture to the chambered passageway and the other portion controlling admission of air to the crank-case chamber.

4. A two-cycle engine comprising la cylinder casing having inlet ports, a casing formed in conjunction therewith and providing a chambered passageway in communication with said ports, a crank-case chamber in communication with said chambered passageways, a valve chamber, means for admitting fuel mixture into one part of said valve chamber and for admitting atmospheric air into another part of said valve chamber, means for admitting said fuel mixture from the valve chamber into the chambered passageway, means for admitting air from said valve 'chamber into the crank-case chamber, and a valve member movable as a unit in said chamber for controlling the admission of said fuel gas and air.

5. A two-cycle engine comprising a cylinder casing having inlet ports, a casing formed in conjunction therewith and providing a chambered passageway in communication with said ports, a crank-case chamber in communication with said chambered passageways, a valve chamber, means for admitting fuel mixture into one part of said valve chamber and for admitting atmospheric air into another part of said valve chamber, means for admitting said fuel miX- ture from the valve chamber into the chambered passageway, means for admitting air from said valve chamber into the crank-case chamber, and a valve member comprising two integrally-connected portions movable a unit in said chamber, one portion controlling admission of the fuel and the other portion controlling the admission of the air.

6. A two-cycle engine comprising a cylinder casing having inlet ports, a casing formed in conjunction therewith and providing a chambered passageway in communica-- tion with said ports, a cranlecase chamber in communication with said chambered passageways, a valve chamber, means for admitting fuel mixture into one part of said valve chamber, and for admitting atmospheric air into another part of said valve chamber, means for admitting said fuel mim ture from the valve chamber into the chainbered passageway, means for admitting air from said valve chamber into the crank-case chamber, and a reciprocating doublesleeve valve integrally connected and movable as a unit in said valve chamber, one of said sleeves controlling admission of fuel gas and the other sleeve controlling admission of air. f

7. A two-cycle engine comprising a casing forming an explosion cylinder, a chambered passageway in communication therewith, a crank-case chamber in communicationwith the chambered passageway, a valve chamber having means of separate communication to the chambered passageway and the crankcase chamber, an eccentricchamber formed in communication with the valve chamber, means for admitting air tothe eccentric chamber and lower portion of the valve chamber, means for admitting fuel mixture to the valve chamber at a higher point therein, a piston operative in the explosion cylinder, a crank-shaft connected with said piston and extending across the eccentric chamber, a reciprocating valve member in the valve chamber, and an eccentric on said crank-shaft in the eccentric chamber for operating said valve in timed relation to the operation of the piston to control admission of air to the crank-case chamber and admission of fuel mixture to the chambered passageway.

8. fr two-cycleyengine comprising a pair of explosion cylinders and their crank-case chambers and an intermediate cylindrical valve chamber, a valve member therein comprising a pair of integrally-connected sleeve parts dividing the valve chamber into two separated portions, means for admitting fuel mixture into one of said portions, means for conducting it therefrom into each of said explosion cylinders, means for admitting atmospheric air into the other portion of the valve chamber and for conducting 'it therefrom into each of the crank chambers,-and means to move the valve member in timed relation -to the pistons. of the engine forcontrolling the passage of said fuel gas and air alternately to the explosion cylinders and crank ychambers respectively 9. A two-cycle engine comprising an explosion cylinder and its crank-case chamber and a valve chamber adjacent thereto, a valve member therein comprising a pair of integrally-connected sleeve parts dividing the valve chamber into two separated portions means foradmitting fuel mixture into one of said portions,.means for conducting it therefrom into said explosion cylinder, means for admitting atmospheric'air into the Vother portion of the valve chamber and for conducting it therefrom into the crank chamber, and means to move the valve member in timed relation to the piston of the engine for controlling the passage of said fuel gas and air to the explosion cylinder and crank chamber respectively.

10. 'A two-cycle engine comprising a casing forming an explosion cylinder and its crank-case chamber and a valve chamber adjacent thereto, a valve membertherein comprising a pair of integrally-connected piston sleeves dividing the chamber into three separated portions, means for permitting exhaust `from the explosion cylinder through the upper portion, means for admitting fuel mixture into the middle portion, meansfor conducting it therefrom into said explosion cylinder, means'for admitting atmospheric air into the lower portion of the valve chamber and for conducting it. therefrom into the crank chamber, and means to move the valve member in timed relation to the piston yof the engine* for controlling the exhaust through said upper portion of the valve chamber andthefpas-l sage of said fuel gas and air to the explosion chamber and crank chamber respectively. 11. A two-cycle engine comprising a pair of explosion cylinders and their'crank-case chambers and an intermediate cylindrical valve chamber opening at its upperv end into the exhaust pipe, a valve -member in the chamber comprising a pair of integrally connected piston sleeves dividing the valve chamber 'into three -v separated portions, means for permitting admission of gases of combustion from both cylinders through the upper portion of said valve chamber, means for admitting fuel mixture into the middle portion, means for conducting it therefrom into each of said explosion cylinders, means for admitting atmospheric airinto the bottoin portion ofthe valve chamber and for `casing forming a second cylinder and an annular space surrounding the explosion cylinder and open to atmosphere, a piston in the explosion cylinder, a second piston connected therewithand operative in the second cylinder forvpumping atmospheric air backl and forth through said space over the walls of said explosion cylinder, and a'ho'od enveloping the portion of said casing forming. the annular space and `providing av second annular space about said portion whereby the air pumped back and forth will be forced to travel along both sides of said portion. i f

13. A two-cycle engine ycomprising a casing forming an explosion cylinder anda multiplicity of exhaust and inlet passages connected therewith and also forming a valve chamber and a single exhaust passage connected with said multiplicity of exhaust passages` and withl the valve chamber, and a chambered passage connected with said multiplicity of inlet ypassages and with the valve chamber, an exhaust pipe having connection with the valve chamber, said casing 'also forming air passages extending along said single exhaust pipe and around the exhaust pipe and leading from thence to the for controlling the admission of fuel mixture from the valve chamber to the inlet passages.

In testimony whereof We hereunto affix our signatures.

ELLIS J. TOOLB JAY F. WOLF.

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