US1429890A - Combination coal and gas oven - Google Patents

Description

H. L-ANGE.

COMBINATION COAL AND GAS OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 19. I92].

Patented Sept. 19, 1922.

4 SHEETSSHEET I.

I I AWJQQIMM H. LANGE.

COMBINATION COAL AND GAS OVEN- APPLICATION .HLED APR- 19, I921- I 1,429,890, Patented Sept 19, 1922.

4 SHEETSSHEET 2.

M Q Q QR A? MvNv 1 i 211% H. LANGE. COMBINATION COAL AND GAS OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED APR.19. I921- Patented Sept. 19

4 SHEETS SHEET 3.

MWN

H. LANGE. COMBINATION COAL AND GAS OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 19, l92l.

NAN e 4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

Patented Sept. 19

//V/ [/V7 O 7 /77 7' O/P/VF )1? nM-mmmwmmmmmu ulwnummm NW at.

RN Y @NY Mm Patented Sept. 18 i922.

UNHTEE?) HENRY LANGE, OF QUINCY, ILLINOIS.

COMBINATION COAL AND GAS OVEN.

Application filed April 19, 1921.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY LANGE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Quincy, in the county of Adams and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Combination Coal and Gas Ovens; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to cook stoves and ranges, and more especially to the ovens thereof adapted to be heated by coal or other solid fuel and also by gaseous fuel.

It is the object of the invention to provide an oven construction arranged to be heated from the exterior thereof, as usual, by the products of combustion when coal or other fuel is burned in. the usual tire box, in connection with a hydrocarbon burner at the bottom of the oven for heating the oven from the interior by the flames and products of combustion rising from such burner, and novel means for obtaining an even distribution of the'heat derived from the burner, so as to obtain uniform baking of the articles within the oven without the necessity for turning them, as is usually required in baking with a gas or hydrocarbon burner.

Another object'of the invention is the provision of novel means combinedwith the oven for the circulation of the products of combustion from the burner so as to distribute the heat substantially uniformly throughout the oven above the burner, to provide for even baking.

A. further object is the provision oi novel means above the burner for spreading the flames and products oi? combustion, and for the passage of a portion of such products of combustion to enter the ov'enat another point, so as to obtain the even distribution of heat. 7 I

A still further object is the provisionlof a baflie within the oven above the burner for spreading the flames and products of combustion, and having a flue to register with a flue formed in one wall of the oven for carrying a portion of the products of combustion to an advantageous point for the distribution of the heat as aforesaid.

Another object is the provision of ventilating means for the oven, for the escape of the products of combustion after circulating within the oven, and novel means for Serial No. 462,578.

opening the ventilating means when gas is used.

The invention has for another object the provision of novel means for automatically opening the ventilating openings when the baiile isinserted into the oven for the heating of the oven by the gas burner, and for automatically closing said ventilating openings when said battle is removed, thereby assuring of the opening of the ventilating means when gas is used for heating the oven, to avoid any possible danger of an explosion occurring, and also providing i'orthe closing of said ventilating openings so that the products of combustion will not enter the oven when coal is used as fuel.

It is also an object of the invention to provide such an oven construction which will be comparatively simple and inexpensive in construction, which can be readily manufactured, and which will also be thoroughly practical, convenient, and etlicient in use.

lVith theforegoing and'other objects in view, which will be understood as the dedescription proceeds, the invention resides in the construction and arrangement of parts, as hereinafter described and claimed, it being understood that changes can be made within the scope of what is claimed, without departing from the spirit oi the invention.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein Figure 1 is a front view oi the OVcfl portion oi? a stove or range, with the oven door ren'ioved, showing the improvements embodied in the oven.

Fig. 2 is a. horizontal section on the line 2-2 of -.lfiig. 4t.

Fig. 3 is a o'tFig. 2.

-Fig. l is a vertical section on the line 4-4 of Fig. l on an enlarged scale.

Fig. 5 is a bottom plan view of the baffle, portions being broken away.

. Fig. 6 is a vertical sectional detail taken on the line 66 of Fig. 7.

Fig. 7 is an elevation of one of the ventilatin shutters or dampers in closed position. r

The oven is built in the stove or range in much the-same manner as heretofore, according to well known practice, to provide the baking chamber 11. The oven has a side wall or partition 12, the opposite side wall or partition 13, the back wall 14, the top or upvertical section on the line per partition and the bottom or lower partition 16. The front of the oven is closed the products of combustion pass through an opening 22 into the upwardly extending outlet fine 23 at the back ofthe stove casing in rear .of the oven, and the back of the casing has another opening 24 leading to the flue 23 above the oven for direct outlet .of the products of combustion. The opening 24 is closed, as usual, when baking, to compel the products of combustion to circulate aroundthe oven for heating the oven from the exterior.

Disposed within and forming a part of the bottom 16 of the ove is a hydrocarbon burner 25 supplied with gas or other similar fuel by means of a supply pipe 26, and supplied with air from underneath the stove by means of an air flue 27 leading upwardly from the casing bottom 21. v 4

The burner as shown is similar to the one disclosed in my copending application filed Jan. 19, 1921, Serial No. 438,414, although the present improvements are useful with any suitable burner at the bottom of the I oven for heating the oven from the inside by products of combustion rising within the oven. I

In carrying out the invention, a baffle 28 is disposed within the oven immediately above and near the bottom thereof, and is supported on the lower supporting lugs 29 carried by the side walls 12 and 13 for the adjustable support of the usual shelf (not shown) as well known. The side edges of th bafiie can thus he slid over the lowermost lugs 29. The bafile 28 comprises a skeleton plate or casting having the openings 30 adjacent to its margin near the several edges of said baffle for the passage of the products of combustion from below the baflie upwardly along the side andback walls and front door of the oven. The baflie 28 has a central insulating panel 31 surrounded by the openings 30 and disposed over the burner for preventing the products of combustion from rising directly'upward into the oven chamber, and spreading the flames horizontally under the panel to the openings 30. This panel 31 comprises the upper-and lower metal sheets 32 and an intermediate sheet 33 of asbestos or other heat insulating material, whereby to avoid the excessive rising of the heat from the burner at the center of the oven. The edge portions of the sheets 32 and 33 are secured or clamped on the baffle plate by means of bolts 34 or the like. The panel 31 will withstand the intense heat from the burner, and also reduces the penetration of the heat, upwardly through the central portion of the baflie, as well as spreading the flames and products of combustion so as to pass upwardly through the openings .30. p

The baffle 28 is provided with a flue 35 extending rearwardly from over the burner for carrying off part of the products of combustion from the burner. This flue 35 is relatively flat in cross section, as seen in Fig. 3, and has the upper and lower sections 36 and 37, the lower section being integral with the skeleton plate of the baffle, and the upper section 36 being clamped over the edges of the panel 31 where said panel is cut out i to allow an openingor clearance forthe flue.

The section 36 and corresponding edges of of the panel 31 are secured to the skeleton plate by means of bolts 33, or the like, and the lower flue section 37 has an opening 39 directly over the burner, so that a portion of the products of combustion rising from the burner will pass upwardly through the opening 39 in the bottom of the flue at the inner end of said flue, to pass rearwardly through the flue.

The back wall 14 of the ovenhasa vertical fine 40 extending upwardly from the rear end of the flue'35, and the flue 40 is also relatively flat. This flue 40 is formed by an outwardly or rearwardly offset portion 41 with which the back wall 14 is formed, and a plate 42 is disposed in front of and across said offset portion at the inner side thereof and has its side edges seated in rabbets 43 formed along the edges of said offset portion 41, so'that said plate is flush with the back wall 14 at the interior of-the oven. The plate 42 is secured to the back wall by means of one ormore clamping bolts 44 engaging through said plate and offset portion. The back wall 14 is formed with an the flue'40. The flue 41 is formed similarly j to the flue; 40. Thus, the top 15 has an up,- wardly offset portion 48 and a plate 49 is disposed under and across said portion with its edges seated in rabbets 50 formed along the edges of the portion 4E8, so that the plate 49 is flush with the lower surface of the top 15. The plate 49 is secured in place by means of bolts 51 extending through said plate a9 and offset portion 18. The rear end of the flue 4'7 and upper end of the flue 40 are formed so that they register and fit together, at the upper rear corner of the oven, as seen in Fig. l, and the forward end of the flue L7 terminates slightly short of the forward edge of the oven top 15. The plate 49 terminates short of the forward end of the offset portion 4E8, thereby leaving an opening 52 at the forward end of the flue 47 leading downwardly into the oven chamber 11 near the upper forward corner thereof.

The outwardly offset portions ll and d8 of the back wall and top flues being integral with the back wall and top of the oven, will leave no openings or slits in said back wall and top, so that soot from the coal or other fuel will not enter the flues a0 and 47, as well as making the back wall and top solid, without open joints exposed to the products of combustion from the coal.

The ventilating means for the escape of the products of combustion from the oven include ventilating openings 53 in the side wall 13 of the oven at a suitable height above the bottom and also preferably spaced a suitable distance below the top of the oven. As shown, two of the openings 53 are provided near the back wall and door opening of the oven, respectively. The wall 13 has depressions 54 surrounding said opening in which shutters or dampers 55 are slidable and said shutters have downwardly extending shanks or stems 56 working in grooves 57 in the wall 13, and said stems have slots 58 receiving retaining rivets or members 59 carried by the wall 13, for holding said stems and shutters in place for vertical sliding movement. When the stems 56 are raised, the shutters 55 are opened to uncover the openings 53, and when the shutters and their stems drop or slide downwardly, the openings 53 are closed, as seen in Figs. 6 and '7.

In order to automatically control. the shutters or dampers 55, the stems 56 are provided at their lower ends with outstanding cam lugs 60, and the baflle 28 is provided along the corresponding side edge with an upstanding flange '61, the rear end of which is inclined, as at 62, to form a cam. The arrangement is such that when the baffle 28 is slid into the oven, as indicated by broken lines in Fig. 7, the end 62 of the flange 61 will strike and move under the lugs 60, thereby raising the stems 56 and shutters 55, and said lugs'will be supported by the flange 61, when the baflie 28 is in place within the oven, thereby holding the shutters 55 in open position. This automatically opens the ventilating means for the escape of the products of combustion and gas, to avoid any possibility of an explosion occurring. When the baffle 28 is withdrawn, as when coal is used for fuel, the flange 61 being withdrawn from under the lugs 60, will permit the shutters 55 to drop and thereby close the openings "With the battle removed, the oven is heated substantially the same as ordinarily when burning coal or other fuel in the fire box of the stove or range.

The advantage of the improvements resides in the use of the oven when heated by the gas burner 25. To use the burner, the

baffle 28 is first inserted in the oven over the burner, to thereby raise the shutters 55 and to bring the rear end of the flue 35 into connection with the lower end of the fine 40. When the gas is lighted, the products of combustion rise against the panel 31 of the baflle, and a portion of the products of combustion will pass through the opening 39 into the flue 35, while the remainder of the products of combustion will be spread in all directions under the panel 31 to pass upwardly through the openings 30. The products of combustion spread by the baflleto the openings 30 will rise along the walls of the oven and the battle will prevent the products of combustion and heat from rising excessively at the center of the oven, thereby making the heat more uniform throughout the area of the chamber 11. Furthermore, the products of combustion which enter the flue 35 will pass on up through the flue 10 and thence forwardly through the flue d7 to discharge back into the chamber 11 from the top near the front upper corner of the oven. The products of combustion passing through the fines are directed downwardly into the oven, whereby the articles or objects within the oven are heated from above as well as from below, for even baking. The products of combustion pass to one side through the openings 53 and on out by way of the flue 18. The circulation of the products of combustion thus obtained will distribute the heat substantially uniformly throughout the oven chamber, so as to provide for uniform baking, without being compelled to turn the articles around in the oven, as is the usual practice owing to uneven baking of such articles. The surplus heat carried by the products of combustion from the burner through the circulating flues is delivered back into the oven chamber from above and at the front of the oven, to compensate for the natural tendency for the oven to cool behind the door. The oven naturally tends to be the coolest behind the door, because the door is exposed to the atmosphere, and by introducing the products of combustion from the flue 47, two objects are accomplished. First, the products of combustion are directed downwardly into the oven for supplying heat to the articles from above, and second, the products of combustion are delivered behind the front door to equalize the heat within the front and rear portions of the oven chamber.

Having thus described the what is claimed as new is 1. An oven, a burner at the bottom thereof, said oven having a flue for conducting products of combustion from one point to another point, and a flue member removably supported in the oven for conducting products of invention,

combustion from over the burner to said flue,

said member extending over the burner and having a detachable connectlon wlth said flue, and said member being removable from the oven so as to leave no obstruction in the oven over the bottom thereof.

2. An oven, one wall of which is formed with a flue leading upwardly for discharging products of combustion into the oven at the top, a burner at the bottom of the oven, and a flue member supported slidably in the oven and adapted to be removed from the oven,.said flue member being adapted to be positioned over the burner for conducting a portion of the products of combustion therefrom,-said flue member and wall having a slip connection so that when the flue mem-- her is slid into place the products of c0Inbustion flow from the flue member into said 3. An oven, a burner at the bottom thereof, a removable baffle to be disposed over the burner having a flue for conducting a portion of the products of combustion from the burner, and a flue in the oven with which the aforesaid flue is adapted to register when the baffle is disposed in the oven, the last named flue conducting the products of combustion from the first named flue to another portion of the oven.

4. An oven, a burner at the bottom thereof, said oven being formed with aflue for conducting products of combustion to enter the oven at the top, and a removable baflle to be disposed within the oven over the 7 burner for spreading the products of coinbustion, and having a flue for receiving a portion of the products of combustion from said burner and adapted to register with the aforesaid flue.

5. An oven, one wallet which has a flue leading upwardly for conducting products of combustion to enter the oven at the top, a burner atthe bottom of the oven, and a baflle adapted to be slid into the oven over the burner, and having a flue to receive a portion of the products of combustion from said burner and to register with the lower end of the aforesaid flue.

6. An oven, one wall of which is provided with a flue leading'upwardly for conducting products of combustion to enter theoven at the top, a burner at the bottom of the oven, and a battle adapted to he slid into the oven above said burner and having a panel above the burner to spread the products of combustion, and also having a flue With one end arranged to receive a portion of the products of combustion from said burner and the other end arranged to reg ister with the aforesaid flue.

7. An oven having a'plurality of ventilating openings at one side, a gas burner for heating the interlorof the oven, an individual shutter for'each of-said openings,

and a baflie adapted to-be'slid into the oven over said burner between the sides of the oven, said shutters and one edge portion of the baflle having cooperating portions for opening the shutters 111 succession when the battle is slid into the oven.

In testimony whereof I have signed mv name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

. HENRY LANGE. Witnesses:

G. H. l/VILDE, En SoHMUoK.

Images