US1429775A - Process of bleaching and dyeing vegetable and animal fibers - Google Patents

Description

Patented Sept. 19, 1922.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.-

ARTHUR S. ROBERTS, OF GREENVILLE, SOUT H CABOLINA,

ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, T0 sUarAss CHEMICAL (10., me, A CORPORATION or New YORK.

rn'ocnss or BLEACHING AND DYEING VEGETABLE AND ANIMAL FIBERS,

No Drawing.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, ARTHUR S. Ronnn'rs,

- terially reduced and the quality of the dyeing improved. Heretofore the bleaching and dyeing operation involved from three to twelve hours while in the operation of my process the time is cut down to approximately one hour, more or less. It pertains to the dyeing and bleaching of vegetable fiber materials such as cotton, flax and the like as well as to animal fibrous materials such as wool, fur and the like and is applicable moreover to the dyeing and bleaching of feathers, silk, etc. all of which substances may by. my process be treated with substantive and basic dyestuffs either in their seperate material state or when in a combined state with one or the other.

In the prevailing processes of dyeing and bleaching it has been found desirable to subject the material to be dyed to two baths or where 'such material was subjected to but one bath the processes required a considerable time for the complete operation. In the former case there'was the objectionable consumption and expenditure of labor: in the latter case there wasthe objectionable consumption of time. My process hereinafter described obviates both of these objections and attains all of the desired results.

Applicant has found that, due to the bleaching agencies contained in an alkaline oxidizing agent such as peroxide of sodium, or sodium perborate when a certain amount of acid, preferably mineral acid such as sulphuric -or hydrochloric acid is added thereto, the substantive or basic dyestuff maybe added thereto in the same bath and the process may be carried out in a comparatively much shorter time than heretofore required. It is understood, of course,

Application filed March 30, 1921. Serial No. 457,087.

that the dyeing takes place first and that the bleaching follows thereupon, these character1st1cs of substantive or basic dyes being well k nown to those skilled in the art and requiring therefore no further mention. Ap plicant has also found that when cotton, wool, fur, silk or feathers are dyed iii the same bath with peroxide of SOdllllIl and a mmeral acid such as sulphuric or hydrochlone acid, the time of the operation is not only shortened, but that the dyes are of the dyeing is greatly improved, and that the dyebath isentirely exhausted.

The process of dyemg and bleaching is preferably carried out in the same or single bath at one and the same time as follows (the proportions of the several substances being given solely by way of example.) The material to be dyed and bleached is placed in the dye tub or box without having been prevlously wet-out and cold water sufiicient to carry out the operation is then run in. In a separate tub or barrel is then mixed the alkaline oxidizing agent such as peroxide of sodium, or sodium perborate, the acid such as sulphuric or hydrochloric acid and the dyestuffs, approximately the followin amounts and proportions being used to eac 1 one hundred pounds of material to be dyed v and bleached.

*vention modified within the scope of the appended claims.

This mixture should be cooled down not to exceed 7 0 F. and is then poured into the dye tub or box and left to run. for fifteen minutes, relatively cold. The steam is then turned on and-temperature raised to 180 F. and the material is run for forty five minutes at about this temperature. The bath is then dumped and the material washed and dried.

The foregoing mixture or one of substantially similar proportion results in a bath which is substantially neutralized as contra-distinguished from baths which are either strongly alkaline or acid baths. In the performance of my process it is unnecessary to subject the mixture to a variation of temperatures the temperature after it has reached in the neighborhood of 180 F. remaining at substantially that temperature except as the same may become lower within a narrow range during the time required for practicing my process.

Having described my invention what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is 1. The process of dyeing and bleaching at the same time in a single bath which comprises subjecting the material to be dyed to a bath haying added thereto the dye, an alkaline oxidizing agent and a neutralizlng agent.

2. The process of dyeing and bleaching at the same time in a single bath which comprises subjecting the material to be dyed to a bath having added thereto a substantive dye, an alkaline oxidizing agent and a neutralizing agent.

3. The process of dyeing and bleaching at the same time in a single bath which comprises subjecting the material to be dyed to a bath having added thereto a dye, an alkaline oxidizing agent and a neutralizing acid.

4. The process of dyeing and bleaching at the same time in a single bath which comprises subjecting the material to be dyed'to a bat-h having added thereto a substantive dye, an alkaline oxidizing agent and a neutralizing acid.

5. The process of dyeing. and bleaching which comprises subjecting the material to be dyed to a bath having added thereto an alkaline oxidizing agent and a neutralizing agent and dyeing the material with a substantive dye.

6. The process of dyeing and bleaching at the same time in a slngle bath which comprises subjecting the material to be dyed to a bath at approximately atmospheric temperature andheating the bath to a temperature below the boiling point, the bath having added to it a dye, an alkaline oxidizing agent and a neutralizing agent.

7. The process of dyeing and bleaching at the same time in a single bath which comprises subjecting the material to be dyed to a bath at approximately atmospheric temperature and heating the bath to a temperature below the boiling point, the bath having added to it a direct dye, an alkaline oxidizing agent and a neutralizing agent.

8. The process of dyeing and bleaching at the same time in a single bath which comprises subjecting the material to be dyed to a bath comprising a neutralized solution in water of a dye and an alkaline oxidizing agent, said dye being operatively unaffected by the other ingredients of said solution.

9. The process of dyeing and bleaching at the same time in a single bat-h which comprises subjecting the material to be dyed to a bath having added to it approximatel one and one-half arts of an alkaline oxi izing agent, one-ha f part inorganic acid, and a dye operatively unaffected by any other ingredient of the bath, said parts being by :lveight for 100 parts of the material to be 10. The process of dyeing and bleaching at the same time and in a single bath, cotton, wool, fur, silk or feathers, the bath containing peroxide 'of sodium, sulphuric acid, dirpfct or substantive dyestufi and basic dyestu 11. The process of dyeing and bleaching at the same time and in a single bath, cotton, wool, fur, silk or feathers, the bath containing peroxide of sodium, sulphuric acid, and a direct or substantive dyestufi.

12. The process of dyeing and bleaching at the same time and in a single bath, cotton.- wool, fur, silk or feathers, and bath contain ing an alkaline oxidizing agent, sulphuric acid, and a direct or substantive dyestuff.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification this 25th day of March 1921.

ARTHUR S. ROBERTS.