US1424402A - hartman - Google Patents

Description

BESTAVAILABLE CG? F. O. HARTMAN.

CIRCUIT CONTROLLING MECHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED AUG-I9, I918- }AQLLAOQ I Patented Aug. 1, 1922.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.,

FRANK O. HARTMAN N VEN T 05 jO/Q H115 ATTQRNE EEST AVAILAELEZ 6GP F. 0. HARTMAN.

CIRCUIT CONTROLLING MECHANISM,

APPLICATION FILED AUG.19, IbIs.

1,424,402, Patented Aug. 1, 1922.

Fl 8 F2 9 F RANK -0. HARTMAN I N VEN 1' 0R closing 0 e bel. lever 2 in l and 5, where a. shoulder 24- on the plunger the up" In the embodiine i'itshown, the shoulder 24 consists of a collar fastened on theplun'ger by an suitablenieans suc h as aheyQS The plunger equipped with push biitto n' 26.

plunger'is' depressed. I

p The means which transmit the motion of the'plnhge'rjtb thespring l8 andcairses the i i fth e'switch may wellconsis't of 4 v iaroyided "with three egmsznsspm 29; eans is proi 'ided on rheplimger for rocking the bell crank'lerer to cause the closing of the switch, which here coiisists tif a shoulder 30. Means also WhlCll engaged by the hand when the provided on the plunger for rockin the bel I crank lever to cause the opening ot the switch, and a reem nts of 'a catch 31 formed upon an extension 32 of thepluiiger. The bell granlrleyer is providedwith a slot, 33, illustrated in'Figs. (3 and 7, in wl iich the stiern operat'e's. B le-ans are pro fided 'lor nihinthiningthebell crank lcrer in the positioiito which it is rocked, and inwliich it is illustrated in Figsill and 1, until the catch 31 1 uoi'es :the bell crank lever from this position. Such inea'ns'ronsists, in the'cmboiliinent shown, of such arrangement ot the lei-"er 2lnnd the sprin 1S thatthe arm 28 of the lever 21 is on or beyond the dead center line, with respect to spring is. when in the position shown in Figs -2-l and -l. V

Asecond switch is shown at B. c nsisting of a. pair of contacts 0 and i1. onev of which may be stationary and the other of which preferably is mounted upon, or is a part of, a spring42 connected at one end by suitable means 43 to the frame. -lhe switch B is iulapted to be controlled both by the main plunger 11 and by a second or auxiliar plunger 12, which is adapted to slide in the guides 10 and 1d. The plunger 12. is. equipped with a roller 4,4 for engaging ilu spring 42. and causing the. same to close.

.- the switch B; Means is provided and ln-re consists of a shoulder 45, upon the spring 42. tor maintaining the plunger 12 in the position shown in Fig. 3, to which it has rheen rnoved by the operation 0? the .main plunger 11, after said Ina-in plunger has been returned to normal position. as illustrated in Fig. 5. I

At- ,C is shown the end of the core of the magnet, illustrated more. particularly in Figs- 8 and 10 of the drawing. All-5D is shown means including a screw (Z through which a cover is connected to the apparatus ilhistiated. w

Referring now to Figs. 6 and-{Lit will be seen that the bell crank lever is formed out of a punching, and that each of the arms 27 and 29 provided with ,a pan ming surface illustrated at 27 and '29; i espec tiv'ely. l ll'es'e surfaces engage shoulders upon the plungers facilitating the operation of the plungers and switches through the lever. The lever is provided with anope-ning 50 through which it is pivoted to the frame by suitable means, such as-a screw 51.

The arm 28 is forked, thusfconsisting of two parts 28" and 28,-between"whicht he roller 35 is mounted.

The operation of "the'deviceis'as follows: The plunger 11 is depressetllby engaging the push button 26'with-som'eisuita ble-means as the hand. 'Duringthefiit ear-t er the movement, the spring 22 is depressed and the bell crank lei'er is rocked, -*the" rollei-35 mounting upon the ridge '34 and depressing the spring 18 unru'theswicelrA isclosed. The resultsof this operation are indicated in Fig. 2 where "the plunger ll'isin inter mediate (lest-endingposition. The end or the 1mm 29 has engaged-the bottom of the plunger 12 and is readycauseth'e e'lev'ation of the same. A

During the next part of the operation, the

results or which are represented in Fig. '3.

the plunger 11 is forced'to'way-down position, the bell cranklev'e'r caiising tlie'elevation of the. plunger 12 to 'the position indicated in Fig. 3, wherethe switc'l1"'l3 is closed. The lever 21 is rocked until the roller 35 is'in such position 'thatthedorcc of the spring is in "a line-which"pass'es through the axis upon which the'lci'er rocks. or has passed this direction. 'In other words. the lever is on or beyond the dead center liue. hen the parts in the embodiment shown are so arranged, the lever 21cannot IOi'h' further in a counter-clockwise direction on account of the plunger 12, whose lower end now engages the arm 29 of lever 21, and which plunger is in its farthest upward position. A shoulder '24" on plunger 12 has engaged the lip 10 and limited the upward movement of the plunger. The lever 21 cannot (when in the position illustrated in Fig. be rocked to the left or clockwise. onaccount of the action of the spring 18. previously described. until it has beeirpiilled baclr'pashthe dead center by catch 31 on theplunger 11.

30th. of the switches "A"a'iid"B are now closed and remain closed, as long"as;tthe plunger 11 is' ,he' ld yvhen it is desired that t'lie si'vitch A shall "be' opened. the plunger 11 is released. and impelled by the spring 22Qrises tothe' position of the the parts indicated in Fig. 4. During this movement no change takes place with respect tov the switches Aand B. However, when the plunger 11 reaches the intermediate ascending position indicated .in Fig. 4, thecatch 31 engages the arm 27 of thebell crank lever with suiiicient force to cause the lever 21 to rock ,tothe left sulficiently to pull roller over the dead center, when the spring 18 willirise quickly, inovingthe bell crank lever to the position illustratedinFigfi with arm 27 of the lever 21 against shoulder. 30 of the plunger 11, and causing the sudden opening of the switch A v With thisarrangement a sudden opening of the switch -is assured, since it cannotbe opened in {any other manner than asdescribed, thereby, reducing to a minimum s Q the danger of arcing,.and.-especially of prolonged arcing and, the fefiects thereof.

,-; If, when the parts are positionedasin F ig.v 3, the pre$ure upontheplunger vacillates, or for. any other. reason the plunger is allowed tofluctuate through moderate ranges of movement,.theswitch will be unafi'ected thereby, since the switch contacts and the lever 21 will remainasshowninfig. 3,1even though the plungenllis rnoved up and down through a range representedbythe distance between the.catch 31. and thelower .face of .arm:27 oile'ver-2l. Of; course, this distance may be varied and predetermined to suit particular conditions of use. Though of general utility, devices so operating are of especial use where joperated'by women; children; and inexperienced persons, as devices requiring uniform pressure by the operator may vacillate, thereby opening and closing in final position, the switch A being opened by. the spring 18 when the bell crank lever was moved to the left, and the switch B remaining closed since the plun gel 12 is retained in elevated position by the shoulder 45 upon the spring 42. When it'is desired to open the switch B, the plunger 12 is depressed independently of plunger 11 to the position indicated in Fig.

1. Assuming, for example, that the circuit controlling apparatus illustratedin Figs. 1 to 5 is used inthe circuit illustrated in Fig. ll, and that the' switch ii is in the circuit of the starting motor and the switch 13 in theignition. circuit of the engine-if the parts are as illustrated in Fig. 1, and it is desired to start the engine. the depression of the plunger 11 not only closes the switch of the motor M, but also closes the switch B in the ignition circuit. After the motor has started the engine, the plunger ll is released and the switch in the circuit of the motor suddenlyopened in the manner described, but the ignition circuit of the engine remained closed at B until it is desired to stop theengine, which may be .eflected depressing the plunger 12. This makes it unnecessary for the operator toperform two operations as common practice now, so far asl am a are. Oi course, the action ofthe switch 12fn ay be reversed, being open when the plunger 12 is elevated and closed when depressed. withoutdcparting from the spirit of my invention. The desired action of this switch may depend upon the character of the source oi power for ignition.

,1, Referring now to Figs. 8, 9 and 10, at GO'i's shown an electromagnetic winding which, .in the embodiment shown, consists of two windings G1 and ('32, which are formed about a sleeve 63 within which is the magnet core e .The magnet is mounted in the frame 6 and an electromagnetic switch is shown at P and consists of the contacts 65 and 66. The contact 65 is preferably stationary. and inthe embodiment shown, consists of a bar extending across 1 the end of the structure. The contact 66 is movable and mounted upon, or is a part of, a spring plate 67, which is tensioned to cause it normally to rest against insulation material 68, and apart from the contact 65, thereby maintaining the switch l open. The contact: 66, as here shown, consists oi a plurality oi contact lingers formed by a number of slits '70 being cut in the spring plate 67, thereby forming a plurality of tongues 71, the endol each of which is turned over, as illustrated at (39. The spring plate 67 is double-backed .in the embodiment shown, as illustrated at 72. to give the same the proper resiliency and the portion 73 thereof extending at ri ht angles to the main portion is fastened to the frame under the inagnetin any suitable manner. as by screws 74:.

Means are provided for causing the closing of the switch P, here consisting of a plunger 75, which projects through a bore 76 in the core of the electromagnet. This plunger is provided with a head 77, which engages the spring plate 67 and when the magnet is energized causes the closingof the same.

The core consists of two parts 78 and-.79.

which areadjustablewit-h respect-to each other. The part was fastened in the frame plate 6 in any suitable manner, suchas by lips 80 on the .part 79, and Whichare turned outward to engage the sidesnt an opening I,

81 in the end plate 6. The portion 78 of duced by'the series coil.

r -i Btoi Ai/AFLABLE the core, however, movable, and means areprovided for adjusting one or" the core partswith respect :to-the other. In the emhodnncnt shown, the end of the plunger 7 5 is slotted, as shown at 9.0 and threaded exteriorly, as shown at 91. A portion'78 of the core is provided with threads on the interior thereot to, co-operate with the threads .91, so that when the plunger is rotated, the-portion 178 ofthe core will travel along the sa ine.

Means are provided for locking the portion "I 8 of the core with respect to the plunger after suitable adjustment, here consisting of akey 100 which extends through the slot 9Q, vand through a' tr ansverse opening 101 in the corepart 78. in the embodiment shown the ends oflthe hey are folded over, shown ,at 1Q2,int o\thefslot 90. hen it is d si dfie modify he @fies of t e electromagnet upontlre'switclnprto change the forcerexercisedhy magnet to operate the switch, the key lQQ is removed .and the plunger is rotated inany shit-able ,manner,'suclrasby a' screw driver inserted into the end of the slot 90,,and the core portion 78 iscaued to travel 'alongthe plunger". 5 until the desiredadju'stment is secured.

When current issent through. either coil of the1n1agnet',.the plungerwliichis attached to core pa r "78 will move to the right, as shown in Fig. and zengagethe plate (37 and cause 'the contact '66 ,to engage the contact .65 and thereby "c'lose the switch.

"The operation bf the electromagnetic switch P is as followsfYVlien the engine has been started ,aridh'ilicieht speed 'derelop'ed' to fcausetlie' voltage or the motor M, actingas"a' generator, to rise, sutiicient current passes through the shunt coil 62 to move the plunger 'and close'the switch. This causes current topass from the generator throughthe. series winding (52 of the switch ,?,,thi',ou gh thefswitch contacts, to the storage"batter'y lights, etc, and then bacli to thebther terminal of the generator. The magnetism produced by the series winding 62 ,aids that or the shunt coil 61, and the switch is maintained in' closed position by strong pressuref However, should the speed of the engine drop to a point where the roltage of the generator would be below that of the battery, a reverse current would iiow from the *battery to the generator, which would revers'etlie' polarity of the iield pro- The'two coils would,' t he1'ei'ore, be acting in opposition and the magnetism would be'reduced to such a value that the spring of the switch would automatically open'the 'contacts, thus preventing the discharge of battery current into the generator through theswitch P.

I'have' illustrated this particular embodiment of my invention and the details there- 65 f of for the purpose of describing my invenlessee? .51 will hev apparent that my invenls ilbt iilil l'ifltl t" uch"embodiment and s h details, but that'nianydepartures may be nade therefrom without departing from the spirit-of the invention.

1 combinationi a pair of switches, contact springs therefor, switch operating buttons, a caznming element adapted to be adranted against a resilient' contact spring ol' one of said switches to 'causejit to engage second contact thereof, means to cause a closure of'the contacts of the other :witClr, {one of said buttons'a'dapted when depressed-"130advance said element, and to operaticsaid'btliei" switch contact closing m ans, whereby botlrswitche's are adapted close their contacts by,thedepressing of oneof said buttons, said" resilient ontact spring beingso formed-asto accelerate the rate off"r'eti1rn"increment or said camming elementiwhile'the contact operated by it is heing brolten,"beyond the-*rate of return movement "of the depressed button when released, said other; said switch contacts bein adapted to remain in contactclosing pos'itionafterthe'said depressed button is restored: tofnoifi nal'position. '2. In combination, a pair of switches, contact springs therefor, a pair otswitch operating but tons, 'a camining element adapted to be advanced against a' i resilient contact spring offone of said switches to cause it to engage a second contactthereot, means to closetlieir contacts'bv the dc ressin of one of said buttons, isaid resilient contact spr ng being so formed as co-accelerate the return movement of said camming element when said (ramming element ISGOlt-BHSHCi from switch contact closing position, to move it at a 'greaterrate-while the contacts operated by it are being broken, than the rate 0i'.1'e-

turn movementof the depressed button when released, said other said switch contacts being adapted to remain in contact closing position after the said depressed button is restored to'normal position, said other button being subsequently manually operable to restore said other switch contacts to opened contact position.

"3. A switching mechanismcomprising a 'iraine, a pair of switches on the frame, contact springs therefor. a pair of reciprocable switch-operating rods gournalled thereon,

said rods being parallel and" close to each other, push buttons on' the upper-ends of the said rods, a switchoperating-cam, said cam being adapted to be advanced against an inclined portionot-a contact spring-oi one of the said switches, to deflect the said spring to cause it to engage a second contact of the said switch when one of the said rods is ad vanced by depressing the push button on its upper end, said cam being thereby advanced to switch closing position wherein it engages a less inclined portion of the said spring, a restoring spring to restore the said depressed rod to normal position when the pressure on the button is relieved, means, operative when the said rod is advanced to cause the closure of the contacts of the second switch, said second switch contacts being-adapted to remain closed when the said rod is restored to normal position, said last named contacts being adapted to be restored by reciprocating the other rod by manipulating the button thereon, said contact spring be ing adapted to accelerate the return movement of the said cam to normal position, after an initial impulse given the said cam by the returning first rod, beyond the rate of eturn of the first rod.

4. In combination, a switch mechanism comprising a. plunger, a pair of normally open contacts therefor, a spring carrying one of said contacts, camming means interposed between the said spring and the said plunger, a shoulder on the plunger adapted to engage the said camming means upon a forward movement of the plunger, said camming means thereupon engaging an inclined portion of said spring to cam the said spring carrying contact against the other contact. said camming means being thereby moved to a contact closing position where it engages a less inclined portion of the said spring, such position being substantially a dead center camming position, a second shoulder on the plunger and spaced therefrom adapted to engage the said camming means after a certain return movement of the plunger, whereby said camming means is given an initial impulse to cause it to move trom said dead center position to a position on said inclined spring portion,said spring thereafter accelerating the return movement of the said camming means to cause it to move at a speed rate greater than the speed rate of return of the said plunger to cause a quick breaking of the contacts, a second switch for the said mechanism, and

at AVAHJXELE 1,424, i02

plunger operated means to cause said second switch to operate its contact when the said plunger is advanced to switch contact closing position, and separate manually operand restoring means or the said second switch contact.

5. In combination a switch mechanism comprising a reciprocable plunger, a contact operating spring, a pair of contacts adapted to be moved upon a forward movement of the said spring, an intermediate element adapted to transmit motion from the said plunger to the said spring, said intermediate element being adapted to cam said spring against the spring power thereof when the plunger is advanced until said contacts are closed, said intermediate element then occupying a substantially dead center position wherein the spring is inoperative to restore it, a lost motion connection between the said plunger and said intermediate element whereby said plunger is adapted to give said intermediate element an initial restoring imuplse only after said plunger has been moved towards normal position a predetermined amount, whereby said intermediate element is moved to a position where its motion is accelerated by the power of the said spring to cause it to turn towards normal position at a rate in excess of the rate of movement of the restoring plunger, said contacts being adapted to be broken during such accelerated rate of movement, a second switch for the said mechanism, contacts therefor and means to operate the said second switch contacts when the said plunger is advanced to first switch contact closing position, and separate restoring means for the said second switch contacts.

6. In combination, a first switch, a second switch, common means for operating both said switches, separate restoring means for each of. said switches, one of the said restoring means being under the control of said common switch operating means, and means associated with said last named switch restoring means adapted to accelerate the rate at which its associated switch is restored.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto signed my name this 5th day of August, 1918.

FRANK O. HARTMAN.

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