US1416268A - Excavator and scraper - Google Patents

Description

M. COLLINS.

EXCAVATOR AND SCRAPER.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 6, 1921.

1,41 ,2 3, Patented MaylG, 1922.

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M. COLLINS.

EXGAVATOR AND SCRAPER. APPLICATION men JUNE 6, 1921.

Patented May 16, 1922.

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M. COLLINSL EXCAVATOR AND SCRAPER'.

' APPLICATION FILED, JUNE 6,.1921.

Patented May 16,1922.

3 SHEETSSHEET 3.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MICHAEL COLLINS, 0F FORT WORTH, TEXAS.

' EXGAVATOR. SCRAPERAC To allwhomz'tmay concern:

Be it known that I, MICHAEL COLLINS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Fort Worth, in the county of Tarrant and State of Texas, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Excavators and Scrapers, of which the'following is a specification.

This invention relates to new and useful improvements in excavators and scrapers.

The object of the invention is to provide a device of the. character described in which a scraping and excavating pan is arranged to be elevated and employed as a receptacle to transport the earth which has been removed. A further object is to provide a pan which will remove earth over a wide area, but which'will require but .a minimum displacement of said earth to load the pan. A further feature of the invention is to provide means for elevating and swinging the pan whereby it becomes a receptacle for transporting the load and at the same time may be easily dumped by .a simple swinging movement. I

An advantage resulting from the invention is simplicity of construction and ease of control. Also the work may be done much more expeditiously because it is not necessary to excavate or scrape the dirt and then transfer it to a wagon or other conveyance. When the pan is full it is elevated and transported to the dump.

A construction designed to carry out the invention will be hereinafter described together with other features of the invention.

The invention will be more readily understood for a reading of the following specification and by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which an example of the invention is shown and wherein:

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a machine c0nstructed in accordance with my invention,

' Fig. 2 is .a plan view of the same,

Fig. 3 is a side elevation showing the pan elevated or transporting the load and indieating in dotted lines, its dumping position, Fig. 4 is a detail of the elevating lever, Fig. 5 is a detail of the retaining and releasing lever,

Fig. 6 is a cross sectional detail of the elevating chains and pulley, and

Fig. 7 is a side elevation of a modified form.

In the drawings the numeral 10 designates Specification of Letters Patent.v Patented M 16 1 922 Application filed June 6,

1921. Serial No. 475,509.

and supported on an axle 12 which is mounted in ground wheels 13. It is to be understood that the frame 10 may be of any approved construction and may be varied in accordance with the desires of the manufacturers. On the front of the frame a platform 14 is mounted and a seat 15 is disposed above the platform.

A recta "gular swinging frame 16 is provided at its central portion with rearwardly projecting lugs 17 having reduced fingers 18 engagin on the studs 19 projecting from the sides 0 the rear portion ofthe frame. The fingers are shouldered and with the studs form hinged joints on which the frame 16 may swing and also undergo a radial movement. The frame 16 is enlongated transversely of the machine and its length depends upon the capacity of the machine.

A supporting frame is composed of angular whereby they are held in position. The I rearwardly directed angular portions of the arms pass under the front edge of the frame 16 and have their rear ends disposed inwardly of ears 22 depending from the frame 16. A receptacle or pan 23 is disposed within the supporting frame and the swinging frame and is provided with trunnions 24 pivoted in the rear ends of the arms 20 and the ears 22. This pan is comparatively shallow from front to rear but is given considerable length transversely of the machine, so that its front edge will operate over a comparatively wide area of surface. By making the pan shallow and wide it will be seen that in loading it the earth or dirt 'will only have to be displaced rearwardly a comparatively short distance thus making for an expeditious loading and a reduction in labor. I

Supporting chains or other connections 25 have their lower ends connected with the front of the frame 16, and their upper ends detachably connected with. books 26 on the frame 10. These chains serve to limit the i Fig. 3.

ward swing of the pan. By adjusting the chains the limit of the downward displacement of the pan may be controlled.

For elevating the part a' pair of chains or other flexible connectio s 27 have their upper ends fastened to t e inner sides of the frame 10 as is best shown in Figs. 2 and 6. These chains pass downwardly and around concaved rollers 28 journaledin the front of the frame 16. From the rollers 28 the chains 27 passfupwardly and over pulleys 29 mounted on the outer sides of the frame 10. Said chains pass rearwardly and are wound about drums 30 fastened on a transverse shaft 31 mounted in the upper rear portion of the frame 10. It will be seen that by rotating the shaft 31 the chains 27 are either wound or unwound from the drums 30, and the frame 16 and supporting frame either elevated or lowered, whereby the pan 23 is raised or lowered.

The pan 23 is pivoted so that its forward portion is overbalanced and must be supported. For supporting the pan lugs 32 are provided at its upper front corner and these rest upon a transverse tripping'bar 33 supported at one end upon a link 34 pivoted to one side of the frame 16 and connected at the other end with a tripping lever 35 mounted onv the other end of said frame. The tripping bar 33 normally rests on the frame 16 and the lever 35 is directed rear- 'wardly. By swinging the lever 35 upwardly and forwardly,,the bar 33 is swung from under the lugs 32, whereby the pan is freed to swing downwardly, said lugs having their under edges curved to permit the bar to easily swing thereunder. In Fig. 3 Ihave shown the pan elevated. It will be seen that the frame 16 will be moved radially and. the arms 20 swung upwardly. When the pan is elevated its lower front edge and upper rear edge will be substantially in the same plane and, therefore, the dirt will not be spilled therefrom, as is clearly shown in This is a very important feature because. it enables the pan to be used as a receptacle for conveying the load of dirt to the dumping point and obviates necessity of scraping up the dirt, loadingthe same into a wagon and driving the wagon to the dumping polnt.

When it is desired to dump the panthe lever 35 is swung upwardly to disengage the 'bar 33 from under the lugs 32, whereby the pan immediately swings downwardly as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 3, and dumps the load. A platform 36 is mounted on the framelO over, the rear axle 12 and the operator may stand on this platform. A chain or other flexible connection 37 is attached to the back edge of the pan and by pulling on this chain the-pan may be swung so that the lugs 32 will ride under and lift the bar 33 and permit the latter to fallon' the frame 16, whereby the lugd will rest upon said bar and the pan will be again fastened into position.

It willbe seen that various means for winding the chains 27 on the drums30 may be employed and in fact most any suitable means could be used for swinging the frame 16 upwardly. T have employed the chains 27 as a matter of convenience, and have found the same very satisfactory. As a means for rotating the shaft 31 I employ a ratchet 38 fastened on the shaft, a pawl 39 engaging the ratchet and a lever 40 on which the pawl is pivoted, said lever being pivoted on the shaft 31. As is best shown in Fig. 4, the pawl 39 is attached to a coiledspring 40 mounted on the lever and acting to hold the pawl in engagement with the teeth of the ratchet. A releasing bar 41 is pivoted on the underside of the lever andis connected with the pawl 39 by a rod 42. By swinging the bar 41 toward the lever 40, the pawl 39. is pulled out of engagement with the teeth of the ratchet. A hook 43 is carried by the lever 40 for receiving the ends of the bar 41 and holding. he same, whereby the pawl 39 is held out of engagement with the ratchet.

It will be seen that by swinging the lever 40 the ratchet wheel 38 will be revolved and the shaft 31 rotated, whereby the chains 27 will be wound upon the drums 30, but some means for holding the shaft against a reverse rotation must be employed when the Y lever 40 is swung upwardly in its operation. For this purpose I fasten a retaining ratchet wheel 44 on the shaft 31 and mount a lever 45 on a stud 46 on the inside of one of the frame members, forwardly of said shaft. The lever 45 is slotted to receive the ratchet 44 and in its slotted portion is provided with atpivoted pawl 47 which engages the teeth of the ratchet. A pin 48 in the slot of the lever rests on top of the pawl and thus supports the lever. A weighted arm 49 attached to the hub of the pawl is directed forwardly so as to rest on the .hub of the lever as is clearly shown in Fig. 5.

It will be seen that as the shaft 31 is rotated the ratchet 44 will ride under the pawl 47,. the lever 45 being slightly elevated as each tooth of the ratchet passes under the pawl. When it is desired to lower the pan the pawl 39. is disengaged from the ratchet wheel 38 as previously described, and the lever 45 is swung upwardly. It will be seen that as the lever 45 is raised the teeth of-t-he ratchet 44 will swing the pawl 47 downwardly so that the latter will assume the position shown in dotted lines in Fig} 5, the operator lowering the lever 45 before the pawl has an opportunity to again swing upwardly. When the frame 16 and the pan have been lowered the'operator swings the lever 45 upwardly whereby the weighted arm 49 swings the pawl 47 to its normal position in engagement with the pin 48, so that whensaid lever is again lowered the pawl will engage the teeth of the ratchet. This arrangement enables one man to handle the lever in a 'ver effective manner.

It is apparent that this invention permits of many modifications and I have illustrated such a modification in Fig. 7, which is designed particularly for operation of the machine by the driver. Elevating chains 50 have their lower ends connected directly to the forward edge of the frame 16 and are wound upon drums 51 mounted on a shaft 52 in the upper portion of the frame. The same lever arrangement is employed as has been previously described, with the exception that the levers are directed forwardly instead of rearwardly, otherwise their construction and operation being exactly the same and a description is not considered necessary.

Various changes in the size and construction of the parts as well as modifications may be made without departingfrom the spirit of the invention.

l/Vhat I claim, is:

1. In an excavating and scraping machine, an arch shaped frame supported on ground wheels, a swinging frame mounted on the arch frame, a supporting frame pivoted to the arch frame, an excavating and scraping pan pivoted to the swinging and supporting frames, means for elevating the swinging and supporting frames and the pan, whereby the pan is tilted to a transporting position, and means for tripping the pan for permitting the same to swing downwardly to discharge'its load.

2. In an excavating and scraping machine, a wheeled supported main frame, a swinging frame mounted on the main frame, means for elevating the'swinging frame, a pan pivoted in the swinging frame, means for limiting the downward displacement of the pan, a tripping device for the pan normally holding it in fixed relation to the swingingframe and arranged to release the pan for dumping, and a supporting frame pivoted at one end of the main frame and having pivotal connection at its other end with the pan and the swinging frame.

3. In an excavating and scraping machine, swinging frame mounted on the main frame, pivoted supports between the swinging frame and the main frame, a pan pivoted in connected with the swinging a wheeled supportedmain frame, a

the swinging frame, a holding and releasing device mounted on the swinging frame and engaged by the pan, means for disengaging said device from the pan, and means for elevating the swinging frame in the main frame, whereby-the pan is elevated for carrying a load.

4. In an excavating and scraping machine, a wheel supported main frame, a swinging frame mounted on the rear of the main frame, a supporting frame pivoted to the front of the main frame frame, a pan pivoted in the swinging frame, lugs on the front edges of the pan, a tripping rod extending across the swinging frame and supand pivotally porting the lugs, means for tripping the rod to disengage it from the lugs for dumping the pan, and means for elevating the swinging and supporting frames and the pan.

5. In an excavating and scraping machine, a wheel supported main frame, a swinging frame mounted on the rear of the main frame, a supporting frame pivoted to the front of the main frame and pivotally connected with the swinging frame, a pan pivoted in the swinging frame, lugs on the front edges of the pan, a tripping rod extending across the swinging frame and supporting the lugs, means for tripping the rod to disengage it ing the pan, means for elevating the swinging and supporting frames and the pan, and

flexible connections extending from the' main frame to the swinging frame for limiting the downward displacement of the swinging frame.

6. In an excavating and scraping machine, a wheel supported main frame, a

from the lugs for dump? swinging frame mounted on the rear of the main frame, a supporting frame pivoted "to the front of the main frame and plvotally connected with the swinging frame, a pan pivoted in the swinging frame, lugs on the front edges of the pan, a tripping rod extending across the swinging frame and supporting the lugs, means for tripping the rod to disengage it from the lugs for dumping the pan, elevating drums mounted on the main frame, flexible connections extending from the drums to the swinging frame, means for rotating the drums to wind the connection thereon, and retaining means for holding the drums against reverse rotation, arranged to release the drums When desired.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

' MICHAEL COLLINS.

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