US1414914A - Pulp-wood breaker - Google Patents

Description

" A. n.I woon, L. TRANTHAM, AND E. TQSELF.

(PULP woon BREAKER;

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. I7, 1920y i Patented May 42, 1922.

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PULP WOOD BREAKEE. t APPLICATION FILED SEPT. I1, 1920.

1 ,4 1 4 9 1 4 I Patented May 2, 1922.

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.ALBERT I). WOOD, LAWSON TRANTHAM, AND EDWARD T. SELF, F CANTON, NGR'IB. CAROLINA.

PULP-WOOD BREAKER.

Specii'ication of Letters Patent.

Patenten May 2,1922.

Application filed September 17, 1920. Serial No. 410,966.

the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others ,skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same. l

rin object of the invention is to provide means in connection with a wood chipping machine employed for preparing pulp wood to be subjected to the digesting step in the process of preparing pulp in the manufacture of paper, whereby the chips as they are detached from the block or log by the chipper' and many of which are too large to be properly and effectively submitted to the digesting operation, may be broken up or reduced to a suitable size, without involving the crushing and'pulverizing of the same or portions thereof as in accordance with the ordinary methods of treatment and which involve considerable amount of waste due to the fact that the dust or ne particles and the splinters must be screened out and discarded in favor of the portions containing fibres of the required lengths. ln accordance with the usual procedure the products of thechipper or of the chipping machine which serves to detach the required length of wood by diagonal or oblique cuts from the logsV or blocks are sorted, those of the proper size being subjected immediately to the digesting operation and those of a size exceeding that which can properly be treatedv in the digester being subjected to an intermediate treat-ment as of crushing or grinding, with the result that there is a considerable percent-age oitwasteV caused by the production of fine dust and splinters which as above noted must be screened out, and taking advantage of the fact that as the chips leave the chipper head after being detached from the blocks or logs they are projected with considerable force at an angle to and in a direction substantially perpendicular to the plane of the chipper head, it is the obj ect of this invention to dispose in the path thereof a structure which will operate to break up those chips which exceed a predetermined size, to the end that after the completion of the chipping operation all of the products of the chipping mechanism may be deposited at once in the digester with a minimum amount or percentage of screenings incident only to the operation of the chipping knives; and furthermore to provide means for the purpose indicated which may b e readily applied to and used in connection with chipping machines or mechanisrns of the type now ordinarily employed and at a minimum cost both for installation and maintenance.

Further objects and advantages will lapf pear in the following description of a preferred embodiment of the same, it being understood that changes inform and proportions may be resorted to within the scope of the appended claims, without departing fromthe principles involved.

In the drawings:

A Figure 1 is a plan view of the breaker mechanism applied in the operative position to a chipping machine.

Figure 2 isa side view of the same.

Figure 3 is a face view of the chipper head or disk showing in dotted lines the location of the breaker head inv rear thereof.

Figure 4 is a detail sectional view of a portion of the breaker head showing the means whereby the pins are mounted therein. A v Y Figure 5 is a sectional view of the clutch between the motor and the shaft 17, taken on'the line 5 5 of Figure 2.

Y. In the disclosure of a breaker embodying the invention and which consists essentially of a breaker head 10 provided with spurs, prongs, teeth or pins 11, it is shown in operative relation with a chipper of typical form consisting of a revoluble disk 12 having at suitableintervals openings 13 adjacent to which are arranged the chipping blades or knives 14 for successive action upon blocks or logs presented to the disk through a feed spout 15 disposed diagonally or at an inclination withA referente to the plane of the disk, and in the oper-ationof this chipping apparatus the blocks or logs fedto the disk are cut upon oblique lines to produce a series of diagonally grained chips or cards which, by reason of the resistance offered to the knives and the power with which the disk is rotated are thrown or cast or projected in paths substantially perpendicular to the plane of the disk and are usually obstructed in their iight and directed to a suitable place of deposit by means of a bonnet or hood 16 which ordinarily serves to substantially encase or house the disk but which when employedjin connection With the breaker forming the subject of this invention may be interrupted as indicated to provide for the disposition of the head of the breaker in the patri of the chips as they leave the chipping knives. As is Well known to those familiar with this art there is a considerable percentage of the chips as they are detached from the logs or blocks which are of a suitable size to be subjected at once or Without further manipulation or treatment to the digesting step of the process, but at the same time there is a considerable percentage of larger chips knoiyn generally as cards, Which are of a size not adapted to be subjected to the digestingoperation under the most favorable condition and which therefore must be reduced, and by disposing` the spurred or pronged breaker head in the path of movement of the chips and cards as they leave the chipper head1 or disk, the said spurs or prongs of which are sharpened or reduced at their eX- tremities substantially in the line of flight of the chips or cards, the latter are thrown forcibly against the ends of the spurs or prongs and are thus further divided, those larger chips known as cards particularly being subjected to this breaking` operation which serves to educe the product from the chipper to a substantially uniform size, or at least a Size which is suitable for digesting. The prongs or spurs or pointed projections on the breaker head are located at intervals such as to insure the engagement of the cards or larger chips With the extremities of one or more of these projecting elements7 and the force with Which the chips encounter the ends of the spurs or prongs is sufcient tocause the splitting or breaking thereof Without reducing the same to splinters or dust..

rEhe rotary motion of the chipper head by reason of its centrifugal action has a tendency to cause a tangential movementto the chips in addition to the movement thereof in a path substantially perpendicular to the plane of the chipper head, and therefore with a view to increasing the efiiciency of the breaker it is preferable to dispose the breaker head slightly outward of the vertical plane of the fee-d spout, and to rotate said breaker head rapidly so as to minimize the tendency of the chips and particularly of the larger chips or cards by reason of approaching the breaker head in an endvvise position passing between the teeth or prongs and contacting with the breaker head Without impalenient upon the ends of the teeth,

and such rotary motion may be imparted to the breaker head by mounting it through the agency of a shaft 17 in suitable bearings 18 supported by the chipping machine as indicated in Figures 1 and 2 and connecting 70 said shaft with a motor 19 as of the electrical type, said breaker head being driven preferably at a high rate of speed which however may be modified with relation to and at such a ratio regarding that of the chipper head, as to secure the desired result, namely of causing the proper movement Without an excessive reduction of the chips as they leave the chipper head. Obviously the extent of reduction of the chips Willbe in a degree proportionate to the speed at Which the breaker head is driven With relation to that of the chipper head, but in practice it is found that with even the breaker head stationary, the larger proportion of the cards will be divided or reduced sufliciently for immediate subjection to the digesting operation.

ln practice it is preferred to employ a relatively heavy disk as a head of the breaker, provided With transverse openings or seats 18 at suitable intervals, and to pro vide the terminally reduced pins, Which are preferably angular in cross section, so as` to present angles for Contact with the card'sor 95 chips, with a shoulder 19 to bear against the Surface of the disk, the reduced stem 20 extending through said seats or sockets and being engaged at the opposite surface ofthe head by nuts 21 or equivalent fastening 100 means. Obviously broken or dulled pins may readily be replaced and the degree of reduction or sharpness of the pins andthe corresponding sharpness of the angles thereof may be varied to insure the most efficient action upon the chips as they are forcibly discharged against the breaker head by the action of the chipper mechanism.

Having thus described the invention, what We claim is 1. The combination with a chipper head of a pronged breaker head having chip im paling means disposed in the path of chips projected from the former.

2. rlhe combination with a chipper head of a rotary pronged breaker head having chip impaling means disposed in the path of the chips projected from the former.

rllhe combination with a chipper head of a breaker head having chip impaling means disposed in the path of chips projected from the chipper head and consisting of forwardly extending terminally reduced prongs or pins.

Il. The combination with a chipper head of a breaker head having chip impaling means arranged in the path of chips pro jected from the chipper head and consisting of forwardly extending terminally reduced pins or prongs having lateral angles.

5. The combination with a rotary chipper ments arranged to impale chips in their head, of a breaker head having chip impalflight from the chipping means. ing means disposed in the path of tangential In testimony whereof we afHX our signaight of chips from the chipper head and tures in presence of two witnesses.

5 provided with forwardly extending cross ALBERT D. WOOD.

sectionally angular and terminally reduced LAWSON TRANTHAM. pins orprongs, and means for rotating the EDVARD T. SELF. breaker head. Witnesses:

G. The combination with a chipping means R. J. SPRANG,

10 of chip splitting means consisting of ele- D. W. DAVIDSON.

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