US1414776A - Window construction - Google Patents

Description

J. EL NIFF. WINDOW CONSTRUCTION. APPLICATION FILED JULY 25.1921.

1,414,776., Patented May 2, 1922. /Z j ounce stares rarest caries- JOHN ELNIFF, OF KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI.

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN ELNIFF, a citizen of the United States, residing at Kansas City, in the county of Jackson and. State of Missouri, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Window Constructions, of which the following is a complete specification.

This inventionrelates to window construction and has for its objects to produce a, window at less cost of manufacture and installation than the conventional type, which is more hygienic in that it makes provision for more efficient circulation of air by insuring the escape of the strata adjacent the ceiling, which more perfectly excludes dust,

air and rain and cannot rattle, which may be washed without necessitating the cleaner to assume a dangerous position, and in which the glass can be replaced without removal of the sash by a person standing in the room.

V the window from the outer side of the same.

Figure 2 is a central vertical section taken on the dotted line II-II of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a fragmentary elevation of the'inside of the window.

Figure 4 is a horizontal section of the window taken on the dotted line IV-IV of Figure 3. a

Figure 5 is a horizontal section taken on the line V-V of Figure 3.

Figure 6 is a'fragmentary vertical section taken through the transom bar of the window. a

Figure 7 is a similar view taken through the bottom part of the window frame.

In the said drawing which discloses a window frame designed primarily for use in a brick building, and which may be modified without invention for -.use 1n a frame or other building, 1 indicates the sides or jambs of the window frame, 2 the sill thereof, 3 the stool, and 1 the top of the frame. At its inner side the frame is provided with a top casing 5 and side casings 6 extending Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed July 25,

reduce a window from the stool tocasing 5, and at the outer side of the frame, there are provided the brick moulding 7 extending vertically and the top mouldlng 8. Secured to the outer Patented my 2, i922.

.1921. Serial N O. 487,220. 1 v

faces of the sides of the frame are brick anchors 9.

Extending from one jamb to the other is a transom barlO, and mounted thereon and .sloping downward and outward slightly is the transom sill 11.

Secured to the lower face of the top 4 1s a split top stop 12, the

inner section of which is provided at its lower margin with an inwardly-projecting tongue 13.

The sides .1 are formed 'with inwardlyfacing vertical shoulders 14, and secured to the inner faces of the sides and extending from the stool 3 to the transom bar 10 are vertical. side stops 15 provided at their inner margins with vertical tongues 16. Similar side'stops 15 alined with stops 15, extend from the transom bar sill 11 to the top stop 12 and said side stops 15 are provided with inwardly-projecting tongues 16*.

A top [stop for the window opening between the stool 3 and the transom bar 10,

is secured to the under side of the latter and is identified by the reference character 17 and 1s provlded at its lower inner margin with an inwardly-projecting tongue 18.

the openings both above and below the transom bar 10, are provided with top stops.

having inwardly projecting tongues and side stops having similar but vertical tongues. Both openings are provided also with bot tom tongues,that is to say, the transom bar sill 11 is provided with an upwardly-pro jecting tongue 22 and the sill 2 with a similar tongue 23, the outer sides of said tongues sloping upwardly and-inwardly for a purpose which is hereinafter explained. The form of said tongue can be seen more clearly by reference to Figures 6 and 7.

A transom is provided as a closure for the opening above the transom bar, and is adapted to fit snugly in said opening and against the side stop 15 and the split top stop 12, and said transom is hinged as at 25 to the transom bar sill 11. To establish a perfectly tight joint for the exclusion of air and water from the room, grooves are provided in the outer face of the transom for the reception of the respective tongues. By reference to Figure 2, it will be seen that the top rail of the transom is provided with a groove 26 receiving the tongue 13 of the top stop, and by reference to Figure 5, 1t will be noted that the side rails of the transom are provided with vertical grooves 27 (one only appearing) for the reception of the tongues 16 of the side stops 15. The bottom-rail of the transom is provided 1n its lower edge with a groove 28 conforming to and receiving the tongue 22, that is to say, the outer wall of the groove and the outer sloping face of the engaging tongue extend substantially concentrically of the hinged point of the transom bar, as otherwise a snug and accurate fit between the tongue 22 and groove 28 could not be made.

The transom is provided with a conventional latch 24: for fastening it in its closed position. To support it in an opened position, as indicated by dotted lines in Figure 2, a chain 29 is secured to a staple 30' secured in one of the side stops 15*, and is adapted to engage a hook 31 secured to the transom. When the transom is closed the chain hangs in substantially theosition indicated between the screen an the transom. .Whenthe latter is opened the chain extends ohliquely from the staple 30 to the hook 31, as indicated by dotted-lines in Figure 2. By engaging difi'erent links of the chain with the hook, the transom may be supported in partly opened position.

To close the lower or large opening of the window a-sash 32 is provided, and the same is hinged at its lower inner margin at 33 to the stool 3, and is adapted to close against the side stops 15 and the top stop 17 The sash is also provided at its outer side with grooves for the reception of the tongues of said side and top'stops, said grooves being respectively identified by the characters 3a and 35. The bottom rail of the sash 32 is also provided with a groove 36 conforming in cross-section to and receiving the tongue 23 in the same manner that the groove 28 of the transom receives the tongue 22 of the transom sill. It will thus be seen that the transom'and the sash are provided at all four margins with a tongue and groove connection with rigid parts of -the window frame and hence are endowed with strength and rigidity as well as with the property of efficiently excluding air and water.

The sash 32 under normal conditions, re-

mains in closed position and to so secure it, suitable fastenings may be employed, those shown consisting of a pair of sash locks comprising keepers 37 secured to the jambs, and latches 38 secured to the sash.

The sash is adapted to open inwardly and for supporting it in the partially opened position indicated by dotted lines in Figure 2, or in a more widely opened position, it is connected by a chain 39 to a side stop 15 near the upper end, thereof- One endof the chain is fastened permanently as by a staple or otherwise to said stop, and atits opposite end, it is adapted to engage a hook 40 secured to ,the sash.' lVhen the sash is closed the chain hangs at the outer side thereof as indicated in Figures land 2, and when open or partly opened extends inwardly 'through the window opening, as also indicated'by Figure 2. I i

From the foregoing it will be apparent that I have produced a window construction embodying the features set forth as desirable in the statement ofthe objects of the invention. A window construction of the type described provides for a large lower sash and therefore gives greater visibility than the conventional sash as there' is no check rail or other obstruction for intercepting the vision, and such sash cannot be; readily unlocked from the outside as the sash lock or sash locks are not accessible without first cutting or breaking the glass. No weights or pockets for weights, no pulleys or cords, and no parting stops, inside window stops, and screen frames are neces-.

sary, and the various parts of the casing can be fitted in the shop with the great advantage thereby entailed, and as hereinbefore suggested, the window can be washed with, the greatest advantage and safety to the operator and the glass can be replaced without the necessity of the operator assuming a hazardous position.

ll claim:

1. In a window construction, a frame having top and side stops provided respectively with horizontal and vertical inwardly-projecting tongues occupying the same vertical plane, and a sill having a horizontal-upwardly-projecting tongue, the tongue of the sill having flat faces and the outer face sloping upwardly and inwardly, in combination with a sash fitting snugly within the frame and against the inner edges of the top and side stops, and provided with horizontal and vertical grooves receiving the horizontal and vertical tongues, respectively, the said sash having'a horizontal hinge connection with the said sill approximately concentric with respect to the slopingface of the tongue of the sill, and at an intermediate point of its lower edge, having a groove conforming in a plurality of planes disposed angularly with respect to each other.

2. In a-window construction, a frame hav-' ing a transom bar, a sill'thereon provided with an u Wardly-projecting tongue slop-= ing inwardly and upwardly at its outer side, split side stops having inwardly projecting vertical tongues,- atop stop split" outward of the plane of said sill tongue and provided, with an inwardly projecting tongue, a screen secured at its upper and side marginsin the splits of said top stop and said side stops and at its lower inargin to said sill,'-a transom upon and hinged to the inner edge of the sill and provided with-.a'bottomgroove to receive the sill tongue, vertical side grooves in its outer face to" receive the tongues of the side stops, and a horizontal 'JOHN/ELNIFF,

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