US1409184A - Process of dyeing and bleaching - Google Patents

Description

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JOSEPH FRANCIS KING," or PHILADELPHIA, rnnnsnvanra Assmiron of 01m- 7 HALF 'ro HARRY HAmns, or PH LADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

Ho Drawing;

To all uihomi it concern: v

Be it known that I, JOSEPH FRANCIS KING, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city of Philadelphia, county of Philadelphia,

and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Processes ofuDyeing and Bleaching, of'which the following is a specifica-' by a new and useful combined process of.

dyeing and bleaching.

Another object, of my invention-is to produce bleached goods having any desired color, shade or tint.

Another object of my invention is to pro- I duce'dyedand bleached goods of cotton or similar tenture which appearance as whatiis commonly known as Egyptian cotton or yarn.

' Another object of my invention is to produce the aforesaid goods free of foreign matter, such as specks, motes and shives, usually found, for example, in raw. cotton and which, when present i finished goods, affects the quality, value, and appearance V thereof. Still further, objects of my invention are.

as to produce a stronger dyed and bleached goods,-to removetlie impurities usually presthe raw materials used to produceent in such goods, tosave time and labor, to'reduce the loss in weight of the dyed and bleached 0 goods and to improve the appearance of, as

wellas to produce the particular appear-' ance and color of the goods, as-desired.

In prior dyeing andbleaching'processes within my knowledge, several disadvantages are present among which are the great length of .time necessary to complete the bleaching action, out the bleaching operation independently of and usuallybefore the dyeing operation,

the large amount of labor involved, the large number of handlings and treatments neces-r ry the loss in weight in tensile strength of the bleachedand dyed material, the great Specification of Letters Patent,

will have the same .ters of anhour with a large saving of labor .no loss in weight of the dyed andibleached the necessity of carrying difficulty in securing uniformity of 'thedye= ing 'efieet and the avoidance of color oirnocnss or DYE-ING AND BLEAcHmG.

PatentedMar. 14, 1922';

Application filed December 9, 191s. Serial no. 343,464.

shade s'triation when dyeing, the failure'to obtain a dyed andbleached product having I the desired grade of softness or loft, the

presence of foreign matter andimpurities andthe difficulty of securing permanence or fastness of color.

I In the Letters Patent of the 'United States, Nos. 1,321,643 and 1,321,644 I disclose'certam new and useful processes for bleaching goods which might'be followed by a dyeing operation. By my invention herein disclosed, the dyeing operation may take place during the process of bleaching with the ultimate result of directlyproducing a dyed product or goods having all of the efi'ects the bleaching'operation would produce combined with the desired dyed effect. More-'- over, the dyeing apparently dependsmore ;upon the result arising from the chemical reaction occurring between the ingredients used in my process herein disclosed than a mere pigmental impregnation, as more usually occurs in ordinary dyeing.

By the process of my invention allof the above enumerated disadvantages are sought to be overcome or remedied and in carrying out my' invention .1 find that a complete combineddyeing and bleaching action may be accomplished in approximately three quarinvolved and with the number of handlings andJtreatnients of-the material to'be dyed and bleached reduced to a minimum. I also find that by my process there is often-times material and whenever any losswoccurs it I rarely amounts. to an appreciable quantity.

I further find that by my process the loss in tensilestrength of thed ed and bleached material is substantially ecreased-and also that the dyed and bleached material is of superior grade both in qaulity and appear- 'ance,-'its loftiness being superior to that obtained in the usual processes of bleaching and dyeing.

Moreover, by my process, impurities such as specks, motes, shives and the like which detract from the appearance and the'value of the finished materials or goods are elimi-' nated with the result that the appearance 105 .and quality of the material is greatly improved an the value thereof enhance In carryin out my lnvention I may first V mix a 51111321) egqilantity of the desired dye with a suitable quantity of fullers earth in near can scam Q. BLEACHlNU a u TREATMENT &

iuwu; I'LUIU CHEMICAL MODlFlwater in a suitable receptacle. (of about two gallon capacity) and boil the same'for a few minutes. I then place this mixture in a container containing the bleaching comosition from which the mixed dyeing and bleaching materials may be fed to .a'boiling vat which is contained five hundred pounds of the material or goods to be treated, immersed in water. k '1 The bleaching material may be prepared by mixing together the following constituents or ingredients insubstantially the'pro portionsindicatedas follows: 10 pounds of sodium" peroxide; 5 pounds of sodium bicarbonate or soda ash; 5 ounds of anhydrous sodium sulphate or 6 pounds of dry caustic soda or sodium-,ghydrate, and placing this mixture in the "container containing twenty gallons of water. The dyemixture may be. addedto this mixture as above described. I mayrthen place five hundredgallons of watert'in the vat,

above mentioned, heatthe same toboiling and place therein the goods to be treated. I then feed this dyeing and bleaching composition from the container to thev'at. The goods and the-materials in the vat are then continually boiled for about three quarters of an hour when. the dyeing and bleaching, action 1s complete and the vat may then be drained, The cool but I have water into the vat to cool the goods. No other treatment of thegoods is necessary goods may be permitted, to

inasmuch as all of the dyeing and bleachi ng' It further appears that the mixing of the' dyeing. material with the bleachingmaterial permits certain reactions in the vat, whether the same be chemical or otherwise, between the ingredients which efi'ect the uniform and; homogeneous coloration of the goods as counter-dist'nguished'from striation and untints in the prior met s of dyeing. It may be observed that in the above compositlon may, 1f,desired, use caustic potash or potassium hydrate instead of caustic soda or sodium hydrate in approximately the same proportlon with substantially the same 1 result.

for producing the color peculiar to Egyptian cotton may be obtained by mixing to ether substantially 15 ounces of gray dye and sublaubers salt; 5 pounds of sodium chloride or commonjsalt;

ound it desirable to run cold purpose of cleaning the material of the impuritles.

If then the goods are already free of impurities itmay not be necessaryto give them the particular treatmentrequired to remove such impurities and my process may omit the constituents sodium bi-carbonate and caustic soda. I

From the above it'may be observed-that the'solution isalkaline but depending upon the materials to be treated, acids may be substituted for alkalis to produce neutral or acid solutions as desired.

which the goods may bedyed and bleached,

I claim as new and desire to secure byLetters Patent of the United States is:-

. 1.. A processof dyeing and bleaching con sisting of dissolving sodium chloride, so dium lei-carbonate, sodium peroxide, sodium sulphate and caustic soda in wateijaddinga dye thereto, introducing the materials to be treatedin said'solution andsubj'ecting the mass to heat. 4

'2. The process of dyeing and bleaching consisting of placing thematerials to be dyed and bleached in a solution obtained from an admixture of sodium peroxide, so.-

dium sulphate, sodium chloride, fullers earth and a dye. l

3. The process. of dyeing apl bleaching consisting of placing the ma rials to be dyed andbleached in a solution obtained from an admixture of sodium peroxide, sodium bi-carbonate, sodium sulphate, sodium chloride, sodium hydrate, fullers earth and a d e. i 1

- 43 The process ofcoloring and bleaching consisting of mixing a dye and fullers earth in hot water, dissolving sodium eroxide, sodium bi-carbonate, sodium sulpliate, sodium chloride and sodium hydrate in cold water, adding the mixture to the solution, placing the materials to be treated in water,

ture and solution thereto while continuing-to heat the same and permitting the dyed and bleached material to cool. i

stantially '5 ounces of yellow dye together i ""7 86- While I have described-the manner in 1 25 heating the same, adding the combined mix- I have found by experiment that a dye' 5. The process of coloring and bleaching 13o ing of dissolving sodium peroxide, sodium bi-carbonate, sodium sulphate, sodium chloride and sodium hydrate in cold water, adding thereto and mixing therewith the dye and fullers earth mixture, placing the mate rials to be treated in water, heating the same, adding thereto the combined dyeing mixture and bleaching solution while continuing to "heat the same.

"i 7. The process of dyeing and bleaching consisting in mixing a gray dye and yellow dye and fullers earth with water, heating "the same, preparing a bleaching solution and sodium chloride in cold water, adding thereto and mixing therewith the dye and fullers earth mixture, placing the materials to be treated in water, heating the same, adding thereto the combined dyeing mixture and bleaching solution while continuing to heat the same.

8,. The process of dyeing and bleaching consisting in mixing a gray dye, a yellow dye and fullers earth with water, heating .the same, preparing the bleaching solution "consisting of dissolving sodium peroxide,

' sodium bi-carbonate, sodium sulphate, so

dium chloride and sodium hydrate in cold 'water, adding thereto and mixing therewith the dye and fullers earth mixture, placing the materials to be treated in water, heating the same, adding thereto the combined dyeing mixture and bleaching solution while continuing to heat the same and adding cold Water to the dyed and bleached material to cool' the same.

9. The process of dyeing and bleaching consisting in mixing in a suitable quantity of water substantially in the proportions by weight of 15 parts of gray dye, 5 parts of yellow dye, 80 parts of fullers earth, heating the same, adding and mixing the same to and with a bleaching solution, placing the materials to be treated in water, heating the same, adding the combined dyeing mixture and bleaching solution thereto while continuing to heat the same.

10. The process of dyeing and bleaching consisting in mixing substantially in the proportions of 15 ounces of gray dye, 5 ounces of yellow, 5 pounds of fullers earth in substantially two gallons of water, heating the same, preparing a bleaching solution consisting in mixing substantially in the pro portions of 5 pounds of sodium peroxide, 5 pounds of sodium bi-carbonate, 5 pounds of anhydrous sodium sulphate, 5 pounds of sodium chloride and 6 pounds of dry caustic soda in substantially twenty gallons of water, mixing the dye mixture and bleaching solution together, placing the materials to be treated in substantially five hundred gallons of water, subjecting the same to a boiling action, adding thereto the combined dye mixture and bleaching solution during the boiling operation and adding cold water to the dyed and bleached materials to cool the same.

11. A dyeing composition consisting of a gray dye, a .yellow dye and fullers earth.

152. A dyeing composition consisting substantially in the proportions by weight of 15 parts of gray dye, 5 parts of yellow dye and 80 parts of fullers earth.

13. A dyeing and bleaching composition obtained by the admixture of gray and yellow dyes mixed with fullers earth, and sodium peroxide, sodium bi-carbonate, sodium sulphate, sodium chloride, sodium hy- (irate, and water.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 28th day of November 1919.

JOSEPH FRANCIS KING.