US1400755A - Charles l - Google Patents

Description

C. L. McCUEN. COMPRESSOR.

APPLICATION FILED ocT. II. Iszo.

1,400,755 Patented Dec. 20, 1921.

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CHARLES L. MCCUEN, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO RESOLUTE MANUFAC- TUBING- COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

COMPRESSOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 20, 1921.

Application filed October 11, 1920. Serial No. 416,049.

To'aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES L. MGCUEN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Compressors, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to pumps and is well adapted to operate as a compressor for refrigerating units, especially of the smaller type such as those employed for domestic use, retail stores, etc. The object of the invention is to produce a compact'and simple form of pump which may be relied upon to operate over long periods of time without attention, even for lubricating purposes.

I obtain this lobject by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which- Figure l is an assembly View of a pump embodying the invention. 'The view is largely in section on the plane passing through the axes of the supporting and drive shafts.

Fig. 2 is a view looking toward the right in Fig. l, the section of housing nearest to the observer being removed in order to reveal the parts within, and the cylinder bein shown in axial section. 4

ig 3 is similar to F ig. 2 except that it omits the housing and shows the cylinder and associated parts in a position different from the one shown in Fig. 2.

Like numerals denote like parts throughout the several views.

In the particular' form which I have selected to illustrate the principle of the invention there are two stationary shafts, the lower one l constituting the drive shaft and the upper one 2 constituting the supporting shaft for supporting the cylinders. In the present case the pump is shown in duplex form with two cylinders instead of one, but the number of cylinders is immaterial so far as the principle of the invention is concerned. These shafts pass through bearings 3 and 4 respectively into a housing 6 which is, in the present design, formed of 4two parts bolted together. This housing is adapted to contain oil for lubricating the cooperating parts of the pump.

Fastened to drive shaft l are two eccentrics 8 set 180 apart. rI hese are encircled by eccentric straps l0 ,which are connected to the lower end of plungers 12. These plungers work within cylinders 14 which are pivotally supported at the upper end by the shaft 2. Said shaft has a longitudinal passage 16 which is closed at the inner end, and at the outer end communicates either with the atmosphere or with a pipe such as the plpe 18 which in the case of a compressor for refrigerating units would lead from the expansion coil or chamber. Passages 20 lead from the center bore 16 to passages formed in the side of the cylinders and communicating with the inside of the latter through the induction ports 24. Ports 24 are so placed that when the plunger is at the outward limit of its travel it uncovers the port long enough to admit the gas or other fluid, after which it closes the port and commences to compress or eject the fluid. An eduction port 26 is located at the inner end of the cylinder for permitting egress ofthe fluid. These latter ports are controlled by valves 28 which are here shown in the form of leaf springs secured to the outside of the cylinder by screws 30. The construction is such that under pressure from the inside of the cylinder the valves 28 will open and permit the fiuid to escape. As soon as the plunger commences its outward travel the valve-s automatically close and seal the ports 26.

To insure lubrication between the cylinder heads and the supporting shaft 2 it is desirable to form oil cups 32 in the cylinder heads and lead into them wicks 34, the lower ends whereof dip into the lubricating oil contained within the housing.

In practice, when the parts are assembled as shown and the drive shaft 1 is 1'0- tated, the eccentrics not only cause the plungers to reciprocate longitudinally within the respective cylinders but also cause said cylinders to rock or oscillate about shaft 2 as an axis. The passages 20, 22 are wide enough to prevent them from being shut off at any time by the angular position of the cylinder, the result being that the inlet or induction ports 24 are always in communication with the inside of the hollow shaft. Consequently when a plunger has moved outward far enough to uncoverthe port 24 the gas or other work fluid may pass from the inside of the shaft to the inside of the cylinder. After the pump has thus received its charge of work uid the plunger starts to rise and to compress the fluid and to force it out of the eduction port 26 past the valve 28. After the plunger has reachaed the upper end of its travel and commences its return journey the valve 28 automatically closes, which causes the plunger to create a vacuum withinI the cylinder, and it is this vacuum which induces the rush of work fluid into-the cylinder when the port 24 is uni covered.

From the foregoing description and a reference to the drawings it will be seen that I have produced a very simple and compact mechanism, both of which characteristics are a great advantage in domestic refrigerators where space is important and where the users are commonly without great knowledge or experience in the care of machinery. The housing serves not only to protect the reciprocating parts from interference with surrounding objects, but by filling it with lubricating oil all of the working parts of the pump'will be thoroughly lubricated and may be left without attention for months or even years. Furthermore, by supporting the cylinders on the upper shaft, and permitting them to oscillate on it, and by making said shaft hollow and using it as a duct for introducing the work fluid, and by connecting the plungers directly to the eccentrics-the use of these and other expedients produces a pump or compressor of exceedingly small compass relatively to its capacity.

It will be understood that the design may be modified without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, different forms of eccentrics are known and may be substituted for the form illustrated with like effect. Furthermore, the pump may be used for other purposes than as a compressor for refrigerating machines.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. A pump having a stationary hollow i shaft, a cylinder supported by said shaft and adapted to oscillate upon it as an axis, the cylinder having a portnear one end communicating with the inside of the shaft, and a port at the other end leadingto a point outside of the cylinder, a plunger working in said cylinder and adapted to momentarily uncover one of said ports, thereby serving as a valve for controlling it, means for controlling the other of said ports, and means for 'reciprocating the plunger and simultaneously oscillating it about its axis.

2. A pump having a stationary hollow shaft, a cylinder supported by said shaft and adapted to oscillate upon it as an axis, the cylinder having a passage in the side communicating at one end with the inside of the shaft and at the other end with the outer end of the cylinder, the cylinder having a second port near the inner end, a plunger Working in 'said cylinderand adapted to momentarily 'cylinder having a passage in the side communicating at one end with the inside of the shaft and at the other end with the outer end of the cylinder, the cylinder having a second port near the inner end, a plunger working in said cylinder and adapted to momentarily uncover the outer port whereby the plunger serves as a valve for controlling it, means for controlling the other of said ports, a stationary drive shaft, and an eccentric secured to said drive shaft and connected to the plunger for causing the latter to reciprocate inthe cylinder and the cylinder to oscillate about the hollow shaft as an axis.

4. In a device of the class described the y combination of a stationary drive shaft, an eccentric driven by said shaft, a plunger actuated byy said eccentric, a cylinder in which said plunger works, and a stationary, hollow shaft for supporting the cylinder, the cylinder and shaft having passages which communicate with each other and with the interior of the respective parts, and the passage in the cylinder having aport adapted to be covered and uncovered by the plunger in its reciprocation, the cylinder also having a second port and a valve for controlling it.

5. A pump having a hollow supporting shaft, a cylinder supported at its head end by said shaft and adapted to oscillate upon it, a' plunger working in said shaft, a drive shaft opposite to the rear end of the cylinder, an eccentric on the drive shaft connected to the plunger for actuating it and at the same time causing the cylinder to oscillate, the cylinder having an induction port near the rear end and an eduction port near the head end, the plunger being adapted to momentarily uncover the induction port when at the loutward p the escape' of fluid from the cylinder and preventing the entrance of fluid into the cylinder from the surrounding space.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name.

CHARLES L. MCCUEN.

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