US1495748A - Radiator - Google Patents

Description

May 27. |924.

A. KEHM RADIATOR Filed Jan. 3. 1920 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 May 27, 1924. 1,495,748

A. KEHM RADIATOR Filed Jan. 5, 1920 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 lllllllllllllllllllll!! Patented May 27, 1924.

UNITED STATES AUGUST KEHM, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

RADIATOR.

Application led January 3, 1920. Serial No. 349,136.

T0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, AUGUST KnHM,y a citizen of the United States, and resident of Chicago, county of Cook, and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Radiators, of which the following is a specification, and which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings forming a part thereof.

The invention relates to radiators and has for its object to improve their appearance and eiciency, to effect a more uniform distribution of heat throughout the rooms which they serve and to prevent the local discoloration of walls or ceilings by the continued Contact therewith of currents of warm air over relatively small areas. In the great majority of installations, radiators are most conveniently located near the walls or windows. Unless some form of shield or delector is employed, the upward movement of the heated air about the radiator results in an objectionable accumulation of dirt on the adjacent wall or window and upon the ceiling.

While a shield or deflector may be em.

ployed to reduce the accumulation of dirt upon the adjacent wall above a radiator, these devices are unsightly and their use results in a substantial reduction in the velocity of the air movement over the heated surfaces of the radiator. This so reduces the eiiciency of the radiator that it has been the ractice to increase the size of the radiator or a given installation when it is known that a shield or delector is to be used.

The loss of eiiiciency resulting from the use of shields or deflectors is believed to be principally due to the fact that, as heretofore constructed, these devices remain relatively cool in service. While they are located near the radiator, they are warmed only by radiation and convection whereby the temperature which they attain is only substantially that of the room, as distinguished from that of the heated parts of the radiator. The effect of the shield is therefore to retard the upward movement of the air which comes in contact with its rela-V tively cool surfaces.

The present invention accordingly contemplates an arrangement whereby the risin air is not only diverted awayfrom the ad]acent wall or window by walls which have substantially the same temperature as the heated parts of the radiator, but which also serve to confine the air in its travel over the heated surfaces until the maximum temperature is attained. A greater velocit of air movement thus results and increase efficiency is secured, frequently to such an eX- tent that the columns or loops of the' I'adian tor ma be more widely separated than has hereto ore been customary without enlarging the overall dimensions of a radiator of predetermined heating capacity because of the reduced amount of heating surface re quired. Not only is more space thus pro vided for the movement of air upwardly between the coils but a much less amount of the heatingfluid is required to fill the radiator, and this is of great importance when hot water is used as the heating medium. By the use of such radiators the total amount of water in a given system is reduced and a more prompt response to changes in the condition of the lire is insured.

This application is in part a continuation of my application for patent on radiator, Serial No. 184,065 filed August 2, 1917, and allowed July 3d, 1919.

In the accompanying drawings Fig. 1 is a front elevation showing one form of radiator embodying the features of improvement provided by the invention, some parts being broken away;

Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view of the same;

F'ig. 3 is a plan sectional view taken on the line 3--3 of Fig. 1;

Figs. 4, 5 and 6 are detail perspective views showing the covering plates which may be used in the construction of the radiator;

Figs. 7 and 8 are similar to Figs. 1 and 2 respectively, but show a different style of radiator; and

Fig. 9 is a detail plan sectional view showing another form of construction.

When the radiator is to .rest upon the floor of the room, near a wall or window` one of the two forms of construction illustrated in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 and in Fig. 9 may be used. In either case the radiator will usually comprise a series of upright loops, as 10, 11, or 12. 13, arranged side b, side with intervening air spaces, as 14, vigs. 1 and 3) or 15 (Fig. 9). Each of the loops 10, 11, and 12, 13, comprises a plurality of chambered columns, three columns, as 16, 17, and 42 being shown in Figs. 1, 2` and 3 and twocolumns 18, I9 being shown in Fig. 9. In the illus trated @constructionstheseeolumns are con-.`

nected Vonly at the top and bottom of the loops. Under these circumstances, the air spaces 14 or `15, betweenfthe .loops are connected throughout the greater portion ot their length by air spaces, 2() or 21, located be-l tween the columns of the several loops."'

plates, 23, 24, and 43. As each of these,

plates is ,relatively narrow, and makes close 20 contact with, the radiator loops along both Y of its margins,throughoutlhe `entire length of the-plate, the plates are suliiciently heated by, conduction to become a part of the effective heating s urfacevof the radiator. The

' 25' plates 23 Vare applied to ends of the radiator.

' These-platesaccordingly serve to close the air spaces 20 between'the adjacent columns 16, 42 and 17 ,142,"- of the terminal loops, as 10.

(Fig. 3).

`The plates-24Aare1of less -lengtlithan the height of the radiator and are 'formed WithV 1 openings 27 in -their upper portions wherebyY they serve to cover the, air spaces 14 at the front of the radiator, but only` in the intermediate heightof the same. Openings 28 are accordingly provided below the plates 24-or the admission of air at the lower front portion. of the radiator and this air. after being -heated during its upward travel 4D through the air spaces 14 of the radiator, is

discharged in a substantially horizontal for' Ward direction throughthe openings 27 in the upper portions' of the plates 24. Owing to the relatively vvide lseparation of the radiator columns or lloops 10,A 11, ample room isv providedfor the movement and heating of large volumes of air. f

The plates 25 extend nearly the full w height of the radiator at the back and conneet with the plates 43W-hich extend over i the top of the same to the upper ends of the plates-24above the o enings 27 The plates' and 43, :like the p ates 24, areof suitable VWidth to cover the spaces 14 between' ad- 'i 55 .jacent columns, as 10', 11. The several plates i 24, 25 and 42 accordingly cooperate to coni nethe air currents Within the air s aces 14" i and2() -in the intermediate height 0 the ra- AHdiator'and todiseharge thewheated air outiwardly `into theroom away from the adjam cent wall or window.

Glampihg bolts 30 and lEll-serve for securingl the plates 23,: 24; and V25 in place. As

,shown; the clampingbolts 3() extend through! a: frtheyplates ,23; and-."throughrsuitable anchor iside fof the same.

plates, as'32, which bridgefthe space between the columns 16, 42 (ir 17, 42, of the corresponding radiator loop, as 10, upon the in- The clamping bolts 31. on the other hand, extend continuously through the plates 24 and 25. In each case the clamping bolts should be :-:.u{iicientl vY numerous to insure iirm engagement ot the margins of the corresponding plates with the radiator loops, throughout the entire length of the plates. While the plates 23, 24, 25 and 43 Will usually be formed of fmetal, they may be produced from a special plastic composition-of relatively high heat conducting quality, when ornamentation of the plates is particularly desired. lAs shown the plates 24, 25, and 43 are formed of thin cast metal with ornamented exterior surfaces and the adjacent ends of the plates 24,

43 and 25, 43 are rabbeted and united withv clamping bolts 44 Fig. 2)'. Il desired one of the plates 24 may be so formed as to provide a lWell 45 extending invvardlj7 therefrom between the adjacent loops of the radiator, the upper end o'f the Well Vbeing` preferably vjust below the level of the lower margin of the corresponding opening 27 VThe well 45 may thus he filled Withwater through the opening' 27 for humidifving the atmosphere of theV room in which the radiator is used.

vThe radiator illustrated in Fig. 9 is constructed toconfine and direct Vthe/ascending air currents in the same manner as the radiator illustrated in Figs. 1, 2 and In thisY instance` however,- the cover plates for the intervening air spaces 15 and 21 are formed bv providing the ` radiator vloops 12, 13. with integral meeting 'marginal anges 33. 34., the terminal loops, as 12, being each also formed lwith an integraly web 35, be-

4tween the columns 18, 19. Under these circumstances. the flanges 33A and 34 and the Webs'35 have true' conductingnheating surfaces,l whereas in the form of construction illustrated in Figs. 1, 2 and 3. thel plates 23, 24 and 25RhaveronlyA what is known as contact surface.

Figs. '7 and 8 illustrate a type ofzwall radiatorforming the subject of my` applications for mechanical andy design patents Serial No.

154,349, and Serial No.` 154.413 tiled March 12th, 1917. A's the columns 36 of this radiator are connected at top= and bottom by tubular headers 37, which extend throughout the length oftheradiator, flat plates'38 and 39,d applied to :the front and back of the radiator,are lsullicient to 'secure the desired result in'V confining vand" diverting the Aascending air currents. Each of the plates-38and 39 is of suitable width tofmake-close contact at its opposite margins with two adjacent columns 36f of the radiator and to' form a' cover for the intervening air-space, as 40. As in` the form? of constructionfillustrated llfig s.ff.a1i l` 8, the -plates 38 which are applied at the front ofthe radiator are of suoli length as to extend only in the intermediate height of the radiator, while the plates 39 which are applied at the back of the radlator extend throughout the full height except for a short distance adjacent its lower ed e. The plates 38 and 39 are held in lace y clamping bolts 41 which extend continuously through the corresponding plates of bot sets.

The oset columns 36 of the wall radiator forming the subject of my said applications for deslgn and mechanical patents are peculiarly adapted for diverting the ascending air currents outwardly away from the adjacent wall or window in the manner provided by the present invention although the present invention is not limited in its application to this particular type` of wall radlator. As the plates 23, 24, 25, illustrated in Figs. 1,2, and 3, the webs and flanges 33, 34, 35, Fig. 9) and the plates 38 and 39 (Figs. 7 and 8) have substantially7 the same temperature as other parts of the radiator, they assist in etfecting, rather than result in retarding, the upward movement of the air currents. Furthermore, the air is so confined that it is required to travel over the heated surfaces for a substantial distance and a high temperature is attained. An increased velocity of the ascending air currents thereby results and this not only serves to render the radiator more eicient but it also serves to elect a more uniform distribution of the air throughout the room as it is discharged outwardly away from the wall in the upper portion of the radiator. There are accordingly no local accumulations of dirt upon the walls or ceilings and the radiators arenot required to be of increased size, although they may contain a less number of columns or loops.

I claim as my invention: x

1. A radiator comprising, in combination, a series of upright heating columns arranged side by side with intervening air spaces, and two sets of upright wall plates each having close contact at its opposite edges throughout its entire length wlth the outer edge of two adjacent columns, the plates of one set covering the said intervening air spaces throughout a substantial dis- Vtance in the intermediate heights only of the radiator at one side of the same, but not covering air spaces adjacent the top and bottorn of the radiator, and the plates of the other set extending from a point adjacent the bottom of the radiator at the other side of the same to and over the top of the radiator.

2. A radiator comprising, in combination, a series of upright heating columns arranged side by side with intervening air spaces and heat conducting walls making close contact with the outer margins of the columns and covering the intervening air spaces throughout a substantial vertical distance in the intermediate height only of the radiator at the front side of the same, but leaving uncovered air spaces adjacent the top and bottom of the radiator at the front side of the same, and closing the air spaces at the back of the radiator to a point adjacent the bottom thereof whereby air entering at the lower portion of said radiator will be directed upwardly along said columns and laterally outwardly from a point adjacent to the upper portion of said radiator for heating and circulating the air in the space occupied by said radiator.

3. A radiator comprising, in combination, a series of upright columns arranged side by side, with intervening air spaces, two sets of upright wall plates located on opposite sides of the radiator, each plate having close contact at its opposite edges with the adjacent outer edges of two adjacent columns, and one of said plates having a water well associated therewith which extends inwardly from said plate between the adjacent columns of the radiator.

AUGUST KEHM.

Images