US1492529A - Furnace - Google Patents

Description

Amm 29, 19%' l J.- GODFREY ET AL FURNACE 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Aue;- 7- 1922 J. GODFREY ET AL.V

FURNACE 1922 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Aug.

INVENTORS ATTORNEY Amm 29, 1924, M925@ J. Gom-REY ET .M

FURNACE Filed Aug. '7. .1922 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTORS ATTORNEY INVENTOR ATTORNEY Patented Apr. 29, 1924.

JES GDDFREY, F PITTOGK, AND SAMUEL NICHOL, 0F CARRICK, PENNSYLVANIA.

FURNACE.

Application led. August 7, 1922. Serial No. 580,353.

To all lwhom it may concern Be it known that we, JAMES GODFREY and SAMUEL NIoHoL, both citizens of the United States, residing at Pittock and Carrick, respectively in the county of Alleghen and State of kennsylvania, have inventedI .new and useful Improvements in Furnaces, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to furnaces, and more particularly to what l term a threewa furnace specially adapted for heating sla s, ingots, etc.

One of the main objects of the invention is to -provide a pit furnace which may be readily constructed at comparatively small cost and is of simple operation. A further object is to provide a furnace in which the draft can be controlled so as to flow in either direction through the furnace from end to end thereof or from both ends to the middle of the furnace. A further object islto provide a furnace so constructed and arranged as to eect a material saving in fuel as compared to the furnaces at present used for heating slabs, this furnace permitting any kind of uid fuel desired to be used toadvantage. Further objects will appear from l the detailed description.

Sill) lin the drawings Figure 1 is a top plan view of the furnace;

Figure 2 is a section taken substantially on line 2 2 of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a section taken substantially on line 3 3 'of Figure 1;

Figure 1 is a section taken substantially on line 4--41 of Figure 1;

Figure 5 is a section through one of the end checker-chambers and associated parts taken at right angles to Figure 2.

ln constructing the furnace we provide a main casing 1 of rectangular shape which is divided, by means of arches 2, into four pits 3. Each pit is closed by a removable cover 4 supported upon arches 2, these cov ers permitting the billets to be heated to be placed in the respective pits. rJlhe floor of,

the body portion of casing 1 forming the pits 3 is preferably covered with a thick layer 5 of slag which is melted upon a layer 6 of brick supported upon a concrete base 7. To permit removal of the slag, when deaired, one wall of casing 1 is provided with a plurality of openings 8. We have found the slag door 5 very efficient as it retains the heat and is much more quickly installed than the carbon covering or floor used in furnaces of this general type. In addition, the slag does not cost anything whereas the carbon used for this purpose is often rather expensive.

At each end of casing 1 we provide a checker-chamber 9 within which is built a checker 10 in a known manner. This chamber is closed by an arched cover or roof 13. Burners 14 of any suitable or preferred type project through cover 13 at an angle of approximately 45 thereto, the inner ends of these burners being sitioned in the space between the end arci 2 and a bridge wall 15 extending across casing 1, this bridge wall being preferably provided with a chill plate 16 in the form of a hollow casting which extends the full width of casing 1 and is open at both ends to permit free circulation ofvair for the purpose of cooling bridge wall 15. Midway between checken chambers 9 we provide a central checkerchamber 17" within which is a checker 18 above which are arches 2O disposed transversely of casing 1. Arches 20 support central bridge walls 21 each of which is provided with a chill plate 22 similar. to chill plate 16. The space between arches 2O and bridge walls 21 forms an air duct or passage 23 which is covered by a cap plate 24 supported upon spaced tiles 25 the spaces between which establish communication between the interior of casing 1 and lue 23. At each side of casing 1, and above each of the bridge walls 21, we provide a burner 26 of any suitable or preferred type, these burners being disposed horizontally and in alignment transversely of the casing.

A conduit 27 extends from each of the end checker chambers 9 and communcates with passages 28 in a draft control casing 29. Each of these 4passages 2S communi- Cates, by means of an opening 30, with a sheet metal hood 31 which issecured to the casing 29 and extends above passages 28 andlill@ lll turning movement of valve 35 in either direction and to e'ectually shut. on communication between one of the air passages 23 and duct or passage 32 when the other air passage is in communication with the air duct. By turning the valve 35 into central or vertical position, communication is established between both of the air passages 23 and the air duct or passage 32. Hood 31 is provided in its top wall with a central air inlet opening 39 which may be closed by a cover plate d() suspended'in any suitable or preferred .manner by a chain l1.

central conduit l2 establishes communication between the central checker chamber l? and a sheet metal hood 43 which is secured to conduit l2 and extends over the upper end ot a Vertical passage 4.4 at the outer end ot the conduit.. rlhis passage la is separated by a wall from a vertical passage 46 which communicates at its lower end with a lower due Il? leading to the stack 34. The hood a3 also extends over the upper endet the vertical passage l5 and 'valve 43 similar to Valve 35 is secured on a shaft i9 rockably mounted through hood i3 transversely thereot. Angle plates are secured to the hood and on the upper edge of wall l5, these plates serving to limit movement oi the Valve in either direction and 3o-operating with the valve 'to edectually shut od or establish, as the vcase may be, communication between the passages and t6. l-llood a3 is provided in its to, wall with a central opening 51rwhich may e closed by a cover plate 52 similar to plate f'lflni casing i is suitably braced by means et tie rods, channel beams, plates etc., and is preferably built of concrete, the arches 2 and other parts which are subjected to the direct action of dames being preferably covered with a coating oi any suitwle or preferred refractory material. rihe casing is also provided with suitably placed manholes and doors therefor to permit ready access to the interior oil the furnace and the checkers igor cleaning, repairs, etc.

When it is desired to lire the furnace from the lett tothe right, considered in Figures l, 2 and 3, valve 35 is set in the full line position illustrated in Fig. Il, plate l0 being raised so as to uncover the air inlet opening 39, and valve t3 is set in the dotted line osition illustrated in Fig. 3, plate 52 belng raised to uncover opening 5l. rlhe burners 1li the left end oi casina`v` 1 are then lighted, the burners 23 at the right-hand side o' the central arch 2 being also lighted. Alter this has been done due 33 is opened by raising stach damper 53 which is vertically slidable across the dus and is held in raised position by a counterweight 542 connected by a cable to the damper, this cable being passed over apulley 53 supported by a bracket 5'? mount e on wall or supporting structure 53 above Lacasse the central conduit d2. Air enters hood 31 through opening 39 and flows through lue 27 to the left-hand end ci the casing, this air mixing with the fuel and the resulting products of combustion owing through casing 1 to the right-hand end thereof and through the right-hand flue 27 to casing 29 and into hood 31 beneath damper or valve 35, the products of combustion then flowing downwardly through air duct 32 and through due 33 into stack 34. A t the same time that this occurs, air enters hood i3 through opening 51 and lows downwardly through the vertical air passage il into the central checker chamber, this air owing upwardly through the checker 18 and passage 23 and into the right-hand portion of casing 1, the air owing trom between the.

tiles 25 being drawn toward the right-hand end oi the casing and through flue or conduit 13 to the stack.. When it is desired to fire the furnace from the right end to the left end, the position of valve 35 is reversed, valve i3 remaining in the dotted line position illustrated in Fig. 3. To lire the furnace from both ends to the middle, damper 53 is lowered so as to close due 33 and Valve 35 isturned into central vertical position, the burners at both ends of the casing being lighted. The valve a3 is then turned into the position illustrated inl-Figure 3. When this has been done air will flow into the casing at the ends thereof by means of hood 31 and conduit 27, the products ot'combustion being drawn to the center of thevcasing between tiles 25 and through air duct or passage 23, checker 13, conduit 42, vertical air passage 44, hood e3, air passage a6 and flue 47 to the stack. To lire the furnace from the middle to both ends, Valve i8 is turned into the dotted line .position illustrated in Figure 3, 1valve 35 is turned into central vertical position, and plate Ll0 is lowered into position to close opening 39 ot hood 31, damper 53 being raised, burners 26 being lit and burners 1li extinguished. Air flows through opening 51 into hood e3, down passage e and through central conduit Zlf2 into and through checker 18, this air mixing with lthe fuel troni burners 25 and the resulting products oir combustion flowing from the center ot casing 1 toward the ends thereof, The roducts ot combustion then flow downwar fy through the end checkers into the end dues or conduits 27, through conduits 27 to casing 29, upwardly throu h passages 28 into hood 31, downwardly om the hood through central passage 32 to duct 33 and through thisv duct to stach 3l. very simple and ecient means whereby the direction of the draft through the furnace may be readily changed to suit conditions.

By having the draft extending throughout the length ot the furnace the products ci* combustion are lrept close to the cinder door This provides iso afgegaan 5 which becomes highly heated and co-acts with the burners to e'ect-ively heat the ingots or slabs. Also, due to the length of travel of the products of combustion we are enabled to use oil, tar, and similar fuelsl in the burners 14 and to obtain complete combustion, which effects a material saving in uel cost. To prevent clogging of the end checkers, each checker chamber is provided with a cinder pocket 59 which serves to catch cinders and other materials and prevent entry ofthe same into the checker.

What we claim is l. In a furnace of the character described, a casing, checkers at each end of the casing and at the center of the casing, heating means adjacent to said checkers, and means for causing a draft through the furnace from end to end thereof in either direction or from both ends of the casing simultaneously to the center thereof, selectively, the draft flowing through the checkers.

2. ln aA furnace of the character described, an elongated casing, checkers at each end of the casing, a checker at the center of the casing, heat generating means adjacent the 'respective checkers, and means Jfor causing an air current to flow from either end of the casing toward the other end, selectively, or from both ends of the casing simultaneously to the central checker, optionally.

3. In a furnace of the character described, an elongated casing, checkers at each end of the casing, a checker at .the center of the casing, heat generating devices adjacent the respective checkers, a conduit leading from the central checker, conduits leading from the end checkers, a stack, means for establishing communication between said stack and either one or both 'of the end conduits, selectively, and means :tor establishing communication between the stack and the central conduit.

4. ln a furnace of the character described, an elongated casing, checker chambers at each end of the casing, and communicating therewith, a checker chamber at the center of the casing and communicating therewith, checkers in said chambers, heat generating devices positioned adjacent to the respective checkers, end conduits communicating with the end checker chambers, a central conduit communicating with the central checker chamber, a stack, a duct communicating with said stack, means for establishing communication between either of the end conduits and said duct, selectively, or between both of the end conduits and the duct, optionally', means for closing said duct, a flue communicating with the stack, and means for optionally cutting ofi' or establishing communication between said tine and the central conduit.

5. In a furnace of the character described, a main casing, checker chambers at each end and the center of the casing and communicating therewith, a central conduit communicating with the central checker chamber, a draft control casing having up- Wardly opening lateral and central air pas sages, a hood extending over the upper ends of all of said air passages and provided with a central air inlet opening, end lues connecting the end checker chambers with the respective lateral air passages of the draft control casing, a stack, a duct connecting said stack and the central air passage of the draft control casing, means for closing said duct, means for closing the air inlet opening of the hood, a valve mounted in said hood and adjustable to establish communication between either oneeor both of the lateral air passages and the central air passage ot' said draft control casing, optionally, said draft control casing being further provided with a tine communicating with the stack, the central conduit being provided with two upwardly opening passages separated from each other and: communicating with said central conduit and the `flue, respectively, a hood extending over the upper ends of said passages of the central conduit and provided with an air inlet opening, means for closing the opening of the second mentioned hood, and a valve mounted in the said second mentioned hood and adjustable to optionally cut ed or establish communication between the upwardly opening passages of the central conduit.

ln testimony whereof we ama our signatures.

SAMUEL NICI-EOL. JAMES GODFREY.

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