US1491230A - Method of making socket wrenches - Google Patents

Description

April 22 1924.

A. GRAY METHOD OF MAKING SOCKET WHENCHES Filed Feb- 17. 1922 AY/A27 Patented Apart 322, lll lo tr r ALEXANDER GRAY, 0F TULEtON'lTU, GNTAEIG, CANADA.

METHOD OF MAKING SOCKET PJIRJd'fE'CEEE-S.

Application filed February 17, 18%2. Serial Etc. 537,243.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALEXANDER GRAY, a 7

;: which will enable the use of high quality material for the wrench socket with a lower quality for the; stem, and provide a wrench of first quality.

The principal feature of the invention consists in the novel method of construction whereby the socket portion is drawn from fiat stock into a cup shape and a separate stem is swaged into locking engagement with the cup member.

In the drawings, Figure l is a sectional elevational view of the die holder for swaging the stem to the head showing the punch and die in position.

Figure 2 is a sectional view of the upsetting die for flanging the stem.

Figure 3 is a sectional detail of the drawn socket member.

Figure 4 is a sectional detail showing the manner of assembling the socket member on the stem.

Eigure 5 is a sectional view of the finished wrench.

lln carrying this invention into edect the socket portion of the wrench is drawn from flat stock into the cup shape illustrated in Figure 3, the side walls being pressed tightly within the drawing die to ensure their positive dimensions.

After the cup 1 is formed the bottom thereof is punched with a square or henagonal hole 2. This hole is centrally ar ranged in the cup structure. The cup thus formed of a soft stock suitable for drawing is then hardened, preferably by the case hardening method so that it will have a hard wear-resisting surface and will be tough in its inner fibre so that it will not crack.

The stem 3 of the wrench'is formed of a rod of metal, preferably of a difierent quality to that of the cup, as the stem does not require to be ofthe same hardness. This stem is formed by upsetting in the punch and die A B as illustrated in Figure 3 toform a flange e. The short end 5 of the W stem is then inserted through the angular hole of the cup member 1 preferably being first heated. The stem is then placed in a die, here shown in the form of a split die 6 opening longitudinally and hinged at the top and bottom so as to swing outwardly to allow of the placing of the assembled member.

When placed the die is closed and suitably clamped and a punch 7 then moves 7 downwardly being connected to the ram of the press.

The punch is formed with a cone-shaped end which enters the end of the stem and spreads the metal laterally forcing it to 8 flow into the corners of the'cup and to fill the angular hole punched through the cup. The stem is thus swaged around both sides of the inturned portion of the cup and unites the cup solidly thereto so that it can E not become disengaged or loosened therefrom. I

In order to ensure the holding of the stem by the split die against the very severe pressure exerted by the punch it is pref- 5 erable to provide the punch with a hood 8 which encircles the upper end of the split die holder. This hood is formed with a bevelled inner bottom edge which draws the members of the die holder tightly into $9 place as the punch moves inwardly to operate against the end of the stem.

A wrench constructed in the manner de scribed may be manufactured very cheaply and will be of extraordinary good quality as the drawn cup portion may be of a grade of steel specially selected to withstand the wear. A desirable quality of steel is that which will case-harden, consequently the I surface will be wear-resisting and the stem 11% will be tough and strong and will not be liable to snap, and the head cannot loosen.

What I claim as my invention is 1. A method of making socket wrenches, consisting in drawing a cup-shaped member m5 shaped to receive a nut and having a hole in the bottom, shaping a stem with a flange adjacent to the end then inserting the stem with the shoulder abutting the outer side of the bottom of the cup, then swaging the 11m inner end of the stem outwardly to form a flange interlocking with the inside nutshaped wall of the cup.

2. A method of making socket wrenches, consisting in first drawing a cup-shaped member from a soft flat steel stock forming a hole through the end, then hardening the cup, then forming a stem with a flange adjacent to one end, then inserting the end of the stem into the hole in the cup with the flange abutting the outer side of the cup, then inserting a punch and swaging the metal outwardly to engage the inner side walls of the cup in locking contact.

3. A method of making socket wrenches, consisting in first drawing a cup-shaped member from flat stock, then punching a hole through the end thereof, then forming a stem with an annular flange adjacent to its end, then inserting the stem into the cup with the flange abutting same, then placing said cup and stem within a die, then inserting a punch to swage the metal of the inner end of the stem into the base of the cup, said punch having a hood adapted to encircle the die during the swaging operation to hold it from expansion.

4:. In a socket wrench a hardened cup a stem flanged to engage the outer surface of the end ofthe cup and having a flanged inner end embracing the inner side walls of the cup end.

ALEXANDER GRAY.

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