US1485269A - Aeroplane - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 26 1924;

' 1,485,269 J. c. JOHNSON AEROPLANE Filed Sept. 4. 1923 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 @535"? t/naan/ INVENTOR I ATTORNEY Feb. 26 1924. 1,485,269

J. c. JOHNSON- AEROPLANE Filed Sept. 4. 1923 a Sheets-Sheet 2 A-rronnv Feb. 26 1924.

J. C JOHNSON AEROPLANE Filed Sept. 4 1923 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 1/6/5155 d'c//lzaoiv INVENTOR WITNESS:

ATTOR N EY Patented Feb. 26, 1924.

UNITED STATES PATENT- OFFICE.

JESSE O. JOHNSON, OF DELRAY,

ABBOPLANE.

Application ma se temm- 4, 1923. Serial m5. eaasze.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Jnssn C. Jormson, a citizen of the United States, residing at Delray, in the county of Palm Beach and State of Florida, have invented new and useful 'Im rovements in Aeroplanes, of which the fol owing is a specification.

The present invention .relates to aircraft, and consists in the combination and arrangement of elements hereinafter described and particularly set forth in the appended claim.

The purpose of the invention is to provide an aeroplane with revoluble lifting, traction, alightingand control helicopters which me be employed in connection with or indepen ently of the ordinary traction propeller and planes, and wherein speed and safety in ight is positively assured.

Another desirable feature is the provision of revoluble traction helicopters arran ed in pairs at the opposite sides of the era operated in unison but in reverse directions by a suitable motor and capable of swinging movement from horizontal to substantially vertical ositions in either direction with respect to t e craft, and whereby the craft may be raised,'propelled in a straightahead direction, caused to assume desired angles and to alight in an easyand safe manner, means, of course, being employed for sustaining the revolving helicopters in any of theirvarious positions. v

It is also my purpose to provide propelling means for an aeroplane which not only materially increases the speed thereof but 'afiords a positive control for the craft as well as a safety device therefor inasmuch as the construction is movable to meet all wind conditions and is so arranged on the craft as to revent the side tilting thereof.

addition to the foregoing, the invention ossesses other features of value which will clearly apparent from the followin des'nipticn when taken in connection wit the line 4-4 of Figure 1.

Figure 5 is a fragmentary sectional view approximately on the line 5+5 of Figure 2.

Figure 6 is a diagram, illustratin in plan the connection between the motor s' aft and the shafts of the revoluble planes, the; latter bemg in section.

The. invention as shown in the drawings is an incorporated in a flying machine of the biplane type, but is, of course, susceptible to sucrfziessful employment in other type of aircra Referring now to the drawin in detail,

the fuselage 1 of the craft is of t e ordinary cigar-shape construction, the cock it there,

of being indicated by the numera 2. The fuselage or body 1 may have at its nose erfd the usual traction propeller 3 and has at its tail end the usual elevating and ide rudders, operated by wires leading to the lower portion of the 0 pt.

6 of the usual type employed upon this class of devices, the propelhng shaft therefor being indicated by the numeral 7, and the said shaft may be connected directly to the traction pro eller 3, when the latter is employed, or may e operated by the usual motor when my improvement is employed as an attachment to an ordinary aircraft.

The motor shaft. 7 has secured thereon to spaced worms 8 and 9 respectively. The number of worms on the shaft is optional, as only the outer worm 9 may be employed, while, in addition to the worm 8 other worms may be utilized. Also in lieu of worms other class of gears may beemployed. Each worm or gear is in mesh with a gear .or worm wheel 10 centrally secured on transversely arranged shaftsll. 'Each shaft has keyed on its outer end a beveled gear 12.

The .worm or gear ortions of the motor shaft 7 are arranged in suitable housings 13, and the said shaft 7 may be encased in a protective housing which may be bolted to the housings 13. Each housing 13 has lat eral centrally disposed tubular extensions 14 whose ends are flanged and bolted to the sides of the body, and these extensions are in alignment with similar tubular members 15 which have their inner ends flanged and I dy and into the cock The craft may also be rovided with later- 75 l 1 80 In the body of the craft t ere is a motor naeaaae likewise bolted to the body of the craft. In I the lateral tubular extensions of the housings-.there'are sleeves 16, and it is in these sleeves that the shafts 11 find direct bear- 6 The sleeves also serve to prevent lu ricant in the housings seeping through the tubular ends thereof.

Each sleeve 16 has formed on its outer end a substantially inverted L-shaped casing 10 17. The casings have removable face plates,

and the said casings receive therein, the beveled gears 12. In the second branch of each casing 12 there is received a beveled gear 18 in mesh with the respective wears 15 12. The gears 18 are secured on the ends of shafts 19 which are mounted for'rotation in tubular bearing sleeves 20 that are secured to the outer angle branches of the casing 17 The tubes 20 are sustained in parallelism 20 by transverse braces 21. a

On each of the shafts 19, at the end thereof projecting through its bearing 20 there is secured a rotary helicopter 22. In the showing of the drawings the helicopters are in the nature of two blade propellers, but, it is to be understood that the helicopters may embody any desired number. of blades and may be constructed in various manners,

so I am not to be restricted to any particularshape or construction in this respect.

Preferably the transverse braces 21 are in the nature of pipes and have their ends screwed in couplin 23 on the tubular bearings 20, whereby t e said braces may be adjusted. Also preferably the tubular braces are formed of sections which have their con fronting ends screwed into the said coup-' ling?l 23. I

. e couplings 23, ri ht an larl with re- 40, spect to the branches thereo f in v vhich the brace members 21 are received, have their confronting faces formed with ears 24 that receive the bifurcated ends of longitudinal brace rods 25. Pivots 26secure the ears 24 45 in the ends of the brace rods.

The outer fixed transverse brace 21 has centrally swung thereon a depending, preferably angularly disposed link 30. The link is pivoted, as at 31 between upstanding B0 ears 32 formed in a line with the longitudinal walls provided by the elongated slot 33 in the top of the body 1, forward of the cock pit 2. The link has the end which extends into the body of the craft .widened and .65 formed with an elongated opening 34. This receives therethrough a pin 35 openin forme with or secured to a lug or ear 36 on a traveler 37. The traveler is in the nature @f a sleeve having its bore threaded, and en- 00 gaging the threads of the said bore there are threads formed on 'a rod 38.- The rod has its outer end journaled in a bearing bracket 39 suitably secured in the body 1, and has its opposite end passing through a bearing as sleeve 40 into the cock pit 2. This end of erate the shafts, 19 which revolve the helicopters 22. It is to be understood that the helicopters on the opposite sides of the craft revolve in a reverse direction and toward each other. The revolving of the helicopters will lift the craft so that the same arises in a straight vertical direction. When the craft is to be driven in a straight ahead direction the crank handle 42 is operated to turn the rod or shaft 38 to swing the link 30 to bring the helicopters to a forward vertical position. Because of the arrangement ofthe helicopters on the opposite sides of the craft danger of side tilting of the aeroplane will be positively prevented, and also because of this arran ement a far greater speed may be maintained by the craft than by an ordinary construction of aeroplanes. When the craft is to'-alight the shaft or rod-38 is turned in an opposite direction so that the helicopters 22 will be swung to the -rear of the craft and to a substantially vertical position. The helicopters thus reversely act upon the wind currents so that the craft will descend and safely alight at anydesired'point. By arranging the helicopters at varying angles varying conditions of the wind may be successfully met so that the craft may be propelled and steered regardless of weather conditions.

It is thought that the simplicity and advantages of my construction will, from the 1 foregoing description in connection with the drawings, be perfectly apparent to those skilled in the art to which such improvements relate, but I desireit understood that I am not to, be limited to the precise construction, arrangement of parts, material employed and such like details, and therefore hold myself entitled to such changes and modifications therefrom as fall within the sec e of what I claim. I 4 aving described 'the invention, I claim In an aeroplane, a motor driven shaft, transverse shafts extending through the sides of the aeroplane driven by said first mentioned shaft, housings for the shafts, bearingsleeves for the last mentionedshafts in the lateral branches of the housings, inverted L-shaped casings on the ends of the sleeves, gears therein secured to-the lateral shafts, upright bearing sleeves secured on the casings,-shafts journaled thereinhaving gears meshing with the first mentioned gears, a helicopter on each of the last mentioned shafts, adjustable transverse brace means for the last mentioned sleeves, pivotjournaled in bearings received through the ally secured longitudinal brace means for traveler and havingia cranked end received said sleeves, an arm depending from the in the cock pit of the craft, all as and for the 10 outer transverse brace means, a pivotally purpose set forth.

5 supported slotted link therefor, an interiorly In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

threaded traveler having a pivot assin through the slot of the link, a three ed r0 JESSE C. JOHNSON.

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