US1475458A - Liquid-fuel burner - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 27 1923.

i H. A. TEDMAN moum-Fuanaun'nzn Original Filed Oct. 25, 1920 Patented Nov. 27, 1923.

UNITED STATES Fulaniumes.

1,475,45'tif HUDSON n. rnnmn, or GALESBURG, ILLINOIS, nss'rs'non 'ro wmsLow BoILEn. a

ENGINEERING COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

niacin-rum. BURNER.

Application filed October 25, 1920, Serial No. 419,252. Renewed larch 15, 1928.

To all wkomz't may concern:

Be it known that I, HUDSON A. TnoMAN, a citizen of the United States, residin at Galesburg, in the county. of Knox and tate of Illinois, haveinvented certain new and useful Im rovements of Liquid-Fuel Burners, of which the following is a specification,

reference being had therein to the accompanying drawing.

' gentially' into. the fire streams. V L I,

The fire-pot or combustion chamber 1'1 is of any suitable contour in plan section to I conform'to the design of the steam generator" or boiler with which it-is associated, and in The invention relates to various novel features in liquid fuel burners, and consists in the matters hereinafter described and then pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate a tested and practical embodiment of the several features of my invention, Fig. 1 is a plan view of the device partly in section on the line 1-1 of Fig. 2 for convenience of. illustration;

Fig. 2 is a view in longitudinal vertical section on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1, and

Fig. 3 is a view in perspective with the end of the fire-pot brokenaway.

- In the drawings the reference numeral 10 indicates the air duct connected at its intake end to. an air-blower 11 of a type' capable of delivering a suflicient quantity of air to ensure perfect combustion, and at its outletend widened'laterally and divided by the V-shaped-partitions' 12 into two laterally diverging conduits 13 and 14, the mouth of each having a surrounding flange 15 by which it is connected to a corresponding flange 16 on the fire-box 17 By this arrangement the air-supply duct is bifurcated'into a pair of branches which deliver the air, tanthe present instance I show it as substantially; circular. Its bottom plate 18 is flat,

'- and its rear and side walls 19 and '20 are in:

wardlyoblique or slanting, bein preferably curved from bottom to top,jso t at the general ,contour of the pot is .more or less frusto c'onical in form and theflame dis-- charge 0 "'n'ing 21 at its top is more orless restricted and smaller in diameter than the cross-sectional area of the interior. At' the inlet sidepfthephamber its bottom is ex; extended rearwar y and its sides are come spondingly extended rearwardly and latpot in two &laterals te pair 0 erally'to substantially vertical position, as shown at 22, and the top of this extension is provided with a cover plate 23 which is curved at its inner edgeto conform to and extend the curvature of the o ning 21 which thereby becomes circular, tiifese parts preferably being made inte a1 and provlded with the flange 16 byw ich the pot is attached to the flange 15 of the air duct.

The air inlet of the pot is thus made sub- 1 stantially rectangular in outline with its ma or axis horizontal and somewhat longer than the diameter of the pot, and a central vertical partition 24 is provided so that the air inlet is itself divided into two legs respectively correspondng with and in extension of the air conduits 13 and 14, andthe air is delivered intothe site tangential streams at its sides;

- The fuel oil is introduceddirectly into pot in two oppothe pot through .a nozzle 25 in the partition 24, preferably near its top, from any suitable source of its supply, and falls upon a distributing plate 26 which is located near .burne'r 29-which is'located beneath it; the

burner is preferably provided with an oppolaterally extending jets, as shown, so as to throw the igniting flame into the two lateral streams of inflowing air, and the plate is preferably rovided with I perforations which allow -t e oilto drip ,throughand further atomize it in contact with the flame. y this arrangement the igniting flame contacts with the atomized oil to ignite the fuel and start the burner, which continues to burn as.lon as oil and combustion air are supplied to tfie pot. The bottom 18 is provided with a dram opening normally;

or that may escape into the pot while the device is out of operation. I

When 'the fuel oil 'entersthe pot it is broken u into small particles and vaporizedmore or es's by the distributing plate-26 and is further vaporized by the surrounding air streams and currents and mixed with them in the form of a mist that is disseminated throu bout the pot vand is readily ignited by the pi 0t flame, it being understood that the blower is then operating to furnish the air necessary to insure complete combustion of the oil, but without suflicient force to overcome the natural tendency! of the flame to rise through the top of the pot. The distributin plate is heated by the igniting flame, W ich may be started to pro-heat it When the pot is 061d and which may continue to burn during the inoperative periods of the pot that occur in heating systems which are periodically started and stopped, so that in either case the initial oil falling on it is .vaporized by it, and this plate is heated by the combustion of the fuel in the pot and remains hot even if. the igniting flame is extinguished during the brief periods of stoppage in the regular operation S0 that the oil falling-on it during the operative periods is vaporized by it. The air passes into the pot in two lateral columns, one at each side of the oil supply, which pass directly into the oil broken up into fine particles and spattered out by the intermediate distributing plate, and further vaporize it and mix with it to form an easily combustible mixture, and the lateral intake of the air, aided by the inward taper of the extensions of the side walls,'causes each of the columns or streams of the mixture to assume a gyrating or swirling motion, which is in-' tensified by the curvature of the side and rear walls of the pot toward its rear end, and the inward inclination or curvature of the side and rear walls of the pot toward its central openin aids these two gyrating columns of mixe oil and air to blend into a single central column of flame which fills and projects out of the opening, where it burns with great intensity. In short, two

streams of air which mix with the oil to form. the combustible mixture flow into the pot, one on each side, and each stream develops into a vertical column of flame rismg to or above the top edge of the chamber and unitin to form a single substantially solid or un roken column of intense flame above and outside of the chamber. The edge of the flame opening is plain or unobstructed so that the tendency! of the flame to rise through the opening as not impeded, the opening being contracted to form a central flame exit by reason only of the inward inclinationof the sides and front walls of the chamber. T am thus able to dispense with devices for either preheating-the oil beforeits delivery to the fire zone or for atomlzlng or aspirating or spraying the oil and their accompanying high-pressure steam or air supply apparatus to form and pro- ]ect the fuel mixture into the burner, and

. through said also with supplemental fuel-enriching or pre-vaporizing or pre-heating devices to initiate the combustion of the mixture. The effects produced are due to the fact that instantaneous and complete production and comminIgling of the combustible elements of the fuel take place in the burner under conditions assuring immediate ignition and continuous combustion. This is shown by the fact that in the burner there is no evidence of a rolling flame and no deposit of carbon. The air and vaporized oil are intimately and perfectly mixed in the'burner, and the fuel so formed burns with a clean flame that is free from smoke and residuum, and the flame takes a prolonged conical form with its body projecting well out ofthe burner top in relatively large volume.

I claim:

1. In a liquid fuel burner, a chamber havin its walls inwardly inclined to form a re atively restricted flame discharge opening, an' air supply device having airinlets at the sides of the chamber constructed to introduce air into the chamber in lateral streams, and an oil supply between the airinlets.

2:111 a liquid fuel burner, a chamber having a divided air inlet and its walls inwardly inclined to form a relatively restricted flame discharge opening, an oil supply between the air inlet portions, an air supply device having diverg'ng conduits introducing air inlets in lateral streams at the sides of the oil supply, and an oil distributing platebelow the oil supply.

3. Tn a liquid fuel burner, a chamber havin a side inlet provided with av central dividing plate, and its walls inwardly inclined to form .a relatively restricted flame discharge opening, an oil supply at the top of the dividing plate, and anair supply device introducing air through said inlet in a stream at each side of said. plate.

4.1m a liquid fuel burner, a chamber hav- .inga side inlet provided with a central div1 1 ng plate, and its walls inwardly inby my invention apparently clined to form a relatively restricted flame I discharge opening, an oil supply at the top of'the dividing plate, an air supply device introducing air through said inlet 'in a stream at each side of said plate, and an oil distributing plate in the chamber.

5;, Tn a liquid fuel burner, a chamber having a side inlet provided with a central dividing plate, and its walls inwardly inclined to form a relatively restricted flame discharge opening, an oil supply at the top of the dividing plate, an air supply device introducing alr through said inlet in a stream at each side of said plate, an oil distributin plate near the bottom of thechamber, an an igniting device below the plate.

6. In a liquid fuel burner, a fire pot havrec ing an oil supply and air inlets in its side, ing a central oil pipe and lateral air inlets the air inlets being constructed to pass in its side, the air inlets being constructed to streams of air into the pot at the sides of pass streams of air into the pot at the sides the oil supply, the walls of the pot being of the oil supply, and the walls of the charm 15 5 inwardly curved to form a restricted cenher being shaped to cause the streams of air tral opening .to permit the flame to rise to form with the oil a combustible mixture above the top of the pot, an inclined oil and having an unobstructed central opening distributing plate below the oil supply and to permitthe flame to rise above the top of intermediate the'ai'r inlets, and a plot light the chamber, and an oil distributing plate so 10 below the plate. below the oil supply. 7 In a liquid fuel burner, a chamber hav- HUDSON A. TEDMAN.

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