US1465011A - Tunnel-kiln oil burner - Google Patents

Description

Aug. .114, 1923. 11,465,]H[

G. E. IRONS TUNNEL KILN OIL BURNER Filed March ,27 1920 Snoewtoz Patented ne in, was.

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GERALD ELLIS IRONS, OF CORAOPOLIS, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO AMERICAN DRESSLER TUNNEL KILNS, KING, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

'llUNNEL-KILN PIL BURNER.

Application filed March 27, 1920. Serial No. 369,418.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, GERALD ELLIS IRONS, citizen of the United States, and resident of Coraopolis, in the county of Allegheny and 6 State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Tunnel- Kiln Oil Burners, of which the following is a specification.

The object of my resent invention is to provide an improve oil burner, especially adapted to extend through the wall of a furnace chamber and deliver a flame jet in a direction parallel to the wall.

The various features of novelty which characterize my invention are pointed out with particularity in the claims annexed to and forming a part of this specification. For a better understanding of the invention, however, and the advantages possessed by it, reference should be had to the accompanying drawings and descriptive matter in which I have illustrated and described a preferred embodiment of my invention.'

Of the drawings: Fig. 1 is a diagrammaticplan of a tunnel kiln fired by my improved burners;

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section of one of the burners; and. I

Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2. In the. drawing I have illustrated the use of my invention in connection with the well known Dressler kiln. The kiln shown diagrammatically, by way' of example, comprises a kiln chamber A having combustion chambers B at opposite sides of the goods pathway through the kiln. Air is supplied to each combustion chamber B at one end from tubes or pipes C. These pipe are located in the cooling zone of the kiln, and an air at atmospheric temperatures entering the ends of the tubes C, remote from the com bustion chambers, is heated in its passage to the combustion chambers through the tubes C. Oil is supplied to each combustion cham- 4 her B by one or more oil burners D extending through the side wall of the kiln and the.

' outer wall of the combustion chamber at or near the end of the latter to which the tubes C are connected. f The opposite end of each combustion chamber is connected to tubular extensions which run to the exit end of the kiln and are connected to a stack EA, or other draft creating device for withdrawing products of combustion. Except for the special construction of the burners D, the kiln illustrated comprises nothing now novel.

Each burner D, in the form shown, comprises an outer tubular shell of fire clay or like refractory material which projects through openings formed for the purpose in the side wall of the kiln and combustion chamber. The inner end of this shell is closed but a circular opening D is formed in the side of the shelltoward the outlet end of the combustion chamber. Passing through the fire clay shell D of each burner i an oil supply pipe F, which preferably is axially disposed in the body of the fire clay shell, and has its inner end bent at right angles to the body of the pipe, and tapered to a restricted discharge outlet F,- which is centrally disposed with respect to the opening D and faces inthe same direction as the latter. Surrounding the pipe F is a tubular member G, shown as having its inner end formed by an elbow G and a cap member-G and with an opening into which the discharge end of the pipe F extends, thus forming a restricted annular discharge port G opening into the combustion chamber from the steam space Gr between the pipe F and the member G. Steam is supplied to the steam jacket space (i by' the external steam supply pipe G Oil under pressure is supplied to the burner pipes F by supply pipes-F Preferably provisions are made for regulating the amount of air passing into the combustion chamber through the fire clay shell of each burner. The means shown for this purpose comprises an angularly adjustable slotted damper H journalled onthe sleeve G and a stationary slotted diaphragm member I also mounted on the sleeve G. The area of'the annular discharge orifice for the steam may be adjusted by screwing the cap G up or down on the end of the elbow G.

In the operation of such a kiln, as is shown in the drawings, goods are quite frequently heated to temperatures above 2500 F. This means substantially higher temperatures, of course, in the combustion chambers adjacent the burners. Much trouble has been experienced in attempts heretofore made to use oil as the fuel in such combustion chambers, because of carbon deposits from the cracking of the vaporized oil, and the diificulty of providing an efi'ective burner construction which will not be quickly destroyed or rendered inoperative by the se- Vere conditions to which it is subjected.

With the simple and eflective construction disclosed herein the metallic portions of the burner and the fire clay shell D are protected from injurious overheating by the air flow through the shell D. Objectionable carbon deposits on the inner wall of the combustion chamber itself are substantially eliminated by the discharge of the burning oil axially into the combustion chambers. The deposit of carbon on the tip of the burner pipe F and capGr is prevented under normal operating conditions by the cooling efiect of the steam. Futhermore the steam tends to prevent and destroy such carbon deposits both by mechanical action and by its oxidizing eifect. The last mentioned effect may be augmented by superheating the steam. By adjusting the damper H to regulate the flow of air through the fire clay shell of the burner, a large and determined degree of superheat may be given the steam. The superheating of the steam to a substantial degree is an advantage also, in that it reduces the weight of steam required. A

large degree of superheat ay be obtained without sacrificing the beneficial cooling effect of the air on the metallic burner parts and the fire clay shell. I contem late the formation of the pipe F, sleeve G, e bow G, and cup Gr out'of an alloy having a high melting point and a high resistance to oxidation such as that known commercially as nichrome though steel may be employed.

The metallic burner parts may be readily withdrawn for inspection and repairs when necessary, and it is not difficult to replace the fire clay shell when .this becomesneces- It will be understood, of course, that changes may be made in the form of the apparatus disclosed without ,departin from the spirit'of my invention as set fortfi in the appended claims.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. The combination witha combustion chamber having an air inlet at one end and an outlet for products of combustion at the other, of an oil burner projecting into said chamber through the side wall of the latter and comprisin a non-metallic refractory shell closed at its inner end except for an opening facing said outlet, and open at its outer end to receive air,-an oil sup ly pipe in said casing having its end bent and shaped to discharge a jet axially into said chamber through aid opening, and a steam jacket about said oil pipe with ..n annular orifice surrounding the discharge end of the oil pipe.

2. The combination with a combustion chamber having an air inlet at one end' and an outlet for products of combustion at the other, of an oil burner projecting into said chamber through the side wall of the latter and comprising a non-metallic refractory shell closed at its inner end except for an opening facing said outlet, and open at its outer end to receive air, an oil supply pipe in said casing having its end bent and shaped to discharge a jet axially into said chamber through said opening, a steam jacket about said oil pipe with an annular orifice surrounding t e discharge end of the oil pipe, and means regulating the flow of air into said chamber through said shell.

3. The combination with a combustion chamber having an air inlet at one end and an outlet for products of combustion at the other, of'an oil burner comprising a nonmetallic refractory shell projecting into said chamber through the side wall of the latter and having its end within the chamber closed except for an opening facing said outlet and receiving air at its outer end, an oil supply pipe extending into aid combustion chamber within said shell and having its inserted end bent and shaped to discharge a (jet axially into said chamber throu h sai opening in said shell and a fluid jacket for the inserted end of said supply pi 4. An oil burner adapted to bfie inserted in a combustion chamber supplied with air to support combustion, said burner comprising an oil supply passage having its inner end portion bent atright angles to the body of the passage and terminating in a discharge orifice, a steam jacket surrounding said oil supply passage with a discharge orifice sur rounding the first mentioned orifice, and a non-metallic refractory shell enclosing the steam jacket and forming an air jacket around the latter open at its outer end to receive air, said shell being closed at its inner end except for a lateral orifice substaniiziially coaxial with the first mentioned orices.

5. An oil burner adapted to be inserted in a combustion chamber supplied with air to support combustion, said burner comprising an oil supply passage having its inner.

end portion bent at right angles to the body of the passage and terminating in a discharge orifice, a steam jacket surrounding said oil supply passage with a discharge orifice surrounding the first mentioned orifice,

and anon-metallic refractory shell enclosing the steam jacket and forming an air jacket around the latter, said shell eing closed at its inner endexcept for a lateral orifice subeeann stantially coaxial with the first mentioned orifices, and having regulable air inlets at its outer end.

6., An oil burner comprising an oil supply pipe with a restricted discharge orifice at its combustion end, a steam jacket surrounding said pipe with an annular discharge orifice surrounding the first mentioned orifice, and a non-metallic refractory shell surrounding the steam jacket and forming an air jacket 10

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