US1464713A - Carburetor - Google Patents

Description

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Til IFERLXTNL HARVESTER COMYANY, A COBPBTION OF NEW JERSEY.

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.itgipicatiou filed VNovember o all wilma it may concern.'

Ee it iin-own that'l, Ene/'Ann A. JonNsToN, citizen of the United States, residing at gllinicugo, in the county of Cook and Stets of lillincis, herve invented certain new und useful .improvementsin arburetors, ot which the' fellovving is etull, clear, end exact specification. l i l This invention-v relates to cerburetors.

. @ne ett the objects of the invention is to imprese and simplify cerburetors for use connection. with relatively heavyl fuels, such, for exemple, as kerosene.

fncther object is to render more eilicientthe' burning of heavier hydrocarbons.

linother'object is to'provide a carburetor reedily responsive to varying load condiedeptedto meet all or the requirements ier successful commercial operation.

These and other objects are accomplished providing a novel carburetor structure bovine, umong otherclements, primary and secondary supplypassageways, means for supplying' fuel through one ot them continuously'during theope'ration of the engine, andmeans whereby fuel is supplied through the other one in variable quantities in accordance Yivith engine load conditions. n The invention is illustrated on the accompe'nyingsheet of drawings, in which- Figure l is a regmentary side elevation iourcylinder verticalengine equipped Us with my improved carburetor;

Figure Q; is a vertical sectional view taken through the carburetor, showing the primary and secondary fuel supply passage Ways, fuel supply Ineens, und control means associated with one ofthe passageways; y

Figure lis a fragmentary plan view of arburetcr showing the primary and sec- 'end "eve with; v ,W

fuel supply chamber associated there- 'and Y' t, l -ise treginentery side elevation 'ie hotsir conr'iection :trom 'around the t-pipe to the carburetor. l'

rinus novel' Aeat-unes of my inwention will be apparent from the following 'ition und drawings and will be. particulsrly peinted out in the Yeppeinled claims, V"llfic 'problem of eiciently utihzing or lburningthe reltively heavy hydrocarbons, .such es kerosene, tor power purposes, has, a considerable length or time, confronted leere designers ina serious mansry fuel passageways and the-constanty Y L 6, m13. Serial Ko. 129,838.

ner. The problem is more serious where the engine, which is supplied with heavier grades of fuel, is subjected to rapidly vary 'ing load conditions, such, for example, as

where the engineis installed in a tractor for drawingplows end the like. The same thing holds true where the engine is subjected to motor truck service, in which case variable speed conditionsurey also encountered to a considerable degree.v In most carburatore there is but a single fuel supply passage- Way. One objection' to such a carburetor is, that the speed of the mixture is not suf- 'iciently high on light loads? to'prevent an' accumulation of the heavy fuel in the form ofA a deposit on the walls of all passageway/s leading from the carburetor' to the cylinder. Under such conditions, when the throttle 'vulve is opened and' there is aheavy suction produced, this mass of accumulated fuel is drawninto the cylinder, having a fouling ed'ect. The question of mixture or 'uel speed, therefore, 1s a materialone, especially Where the heav fuels are employed. To obtain and maintamvthe desired mixture speeds. I have chosen to employ a plurality of fuel passageways of proper dimensions, one of which passageways conducts the fuel' supply for idling and light load conditions and another of which assists in accordance withV other engine load conditions.

' l have chosen to disclose my carburetor l0 in connection with a four cylinder vertical engine 11 having the usual exhaust pipe 12 common to all cylinders. In .so-far as the supply of fuel to the cylinder is concerned, the cylinders are'arranged in pairs so that the twoA left-hand cylinders, as shown in Figure l, will reoeive'their sup ply of fuel through a short passageway `13, and the twoyright-liand cylinders, as sho'svn in Figurell, vvill receive theirsupply of fuel through a short passagewayl These' passageweys are formed in oppositely arranged, downwardly extendingportions 15 ndl of a main casting or manifold l7,said portions being suitably secured to the top of vthe cylinder structurein any suitable ina'nner. The passagewayv Ald-lat'the left-'hand side and the passagewaylfat the righthand side form terminationsr of longitudinelly extending` pessageyveysfl Vand :119,5 which are formedint-he' saine casting 15?."

a shoulder 25 to properly locate a Venturi.

tube 26 therein. y

Liquid fuel is supplied to the primary fuel passageway and secondary fuel passageway 22 through nozzles 27 and 28, respectively, projecting into. the narrowest parts of the Venturi tubes, the fuel being supplied to said nozzles from a constant level fuel hamber 29, which is used in comnion by both of the pussageways. This fuel supply chamber is formed on one side of the vertically arranged passageways 20 und 22 f in a ca. ing which is common to the body of `a han Ialcove the gauge 31, and likewise the supthe carburetor and which is suitably con` nected to the other castin 17. Fuel is supplied to this chamber 29 rom a float chambei' 30. f

The supply of fuel through the primary fuel su ply nozzle 27 may he regulated by controlV 'needle valve 31 turning ply of fuel through-the secondary fuel supply nozzle 28 may he regulated by u needle valve 32. lt will be noted that the vertically arranged primary supply passageway 2O is without a valve, so that when the engine is running this furnishes a 4tree pas- Sage of air and liquid fuel; or, rather, a mixture of the two therethrough. On the other hand, the secondary paageway is provided with a puppet' valve 33 which is p upwardly against or toward its seat a spring 34, one end of which presses against the widened portion of the valve itself and the other end of which presses against a collar 35 secured to a threaded member 36 screwed into the lower part of the carburetor.l This threaded member may be adjusted to vary the tension of the spring 34 and locked in adjusted position by a winged nut 35. The valve 33 is provided with a sleeve 37 which is slidable over a smooth portion of the threaded member 36, so that the valve may be freely reciprocated. Located in the assageways 13 and 14, respectively, are utterily throttle valves'S and 39, which are mountedupon suite y connected rocker shafts 40 and 41, which-in turn are connected to the governor of the engine through a link 42. These rocker shafts are preferably connected oy means of a coupling hav'np; two elements 40?L and 41* securelyv fastened to adjoining ends of the shafts 40 and 41, respectively, The

:inerme coupling elements 'are held iny yielding; contact hy means of the spring 41 which ents through the collar 41 and the shalt 41 on. the coupling element 41..Vl 'V A The air which. supplied .to the posseggoways 20 and 22 fis heated in e hood 43 located around and secured to the exhaust pipe 12 and which is connected to said pas sagen/nys through a vertically eiuenged conduit 44 ofthe hood and through e'cup meniber 45 which lits over thetop el? the csi-'huretor and s-secured thereto by suitehle bolts 46.

gasoline. into the c linders for storting.

In operation, w. en the engine is idling or running on light loads, the supply of air is drawnvthrou h the -hot air supply eonn'ec Pruning cups 15 ure lnced en the vertice-l portions l5 and 16 or the manifold which provide an easy way of :getting 91..;:1

tion, through t e primary Venturi tuhe 24 il and pest the primary fuel supply nozzle .2?. In Viewl of the fact thstfthis primary pessageway is small, and especially sont the small part of the Venturiv tube, itt-which point the liquid fuel is drawn into thefpessageway, e. relatively high speed' o'ifthe heated air past the fuel nozzlevisattained which atomizes .liquid hydrocarbon,- forining an explosive mixture which passes in opposite directions through the small pus- `sageway 18, then down through the passagewaysl 13 and 14 into `the iour cylinders el' the engine. 1t is to' he noted that this primary fuel path is' email' throughout' its length to maintain the high Aspeed ofthe mixture. While the terminating passugeways 13 und 14 are somewhat lergen it will be noted that the latter are amunged`-vei ticall gravity thereby assisting in preventing deposits of li uid fuel at these sections. In passing throng the passagewnys '13 und 14, the fuel supply is controlled hy the throttle valves 38 and 39, which under no leed andlight load conditions are 'open a reietively small amount. As above indicated, under no load and light load conditions, -all of the fuel which passes intov the engine passes exclusively through' the primary `luel Eile? supply passageway 2G; that is to euyjifio fuel whatsoever passes'tnrough the-'secondary passageway 22. However, inst es soon as the engine load increases, the puppet valve 33 1s drawn downwardly due to the increased suction of the engine, whereupon e supply of airalso passes through the passageway 22. When this increasedl loud is slight,

no liquid hydrocarbon is drawn into the seconclary fuel supply passageway 22, out only the secondary supply of air'which acts in a manner to increase the volume end' slightly dilute the mixture passing through the primary passageway at this time, the fuel slip.

ways 13 and 11i; which lead into' the engine. As the load increases, the throttle valves 38 and 39 are opened more end more, through the action of the engine' speed governor, and the edec'tive vacuum increases in like pio' portion to increase the opening ofthe poppet valve 33, whereupon the sup lyvof fuel is not only continued through t e primer-v passageway di), but fuel is also drawn into 351@ the secondary fuel passageway 22, thisincreased volume of fuel being supplied past' the throttle valves 38 and 39 and into the engine to meet the increased demand. In this sont carburetor, therefore; two relatively ll psssegeweys ere provided to obtain maintain high speed of the mixture and present it in thoroughly atomized and va.- porized condition to the cylinders of the engine. As the load on the engine is in-` creased the engine speed decreases slightly temporarily, the throttle valves 38 and 39 ture speed. If the load increases'duringeny part of the rangen the speed of the engine de creases temporarily and the openings of the valves ere increased, an increased volume of incl being thereby supplied to bring the engine up to normal speed and handle the load. The poppetwelve 33 in opening andclosing, or in varying the opening of the secondsry'passegewey 22, takes care of the fuel supply for changes in loed. All the fuel required for the engine during idling sind light load conditions passes through the primary passageway. When a, heavier load is placed upon the en ine, all edditionaliuel necessary 1s supplie through the seconde passageway.

y means of my carburetor, heavier hy'- drocerbons, such, for instance, as kerosene, may be `utilized eciently to e very high de grec, meetindg all the `regrets under varying los, are encountered in commercial operation y .ltis apparent that there may he various inoditications of the invention other than the-t here particularly shown and described,

and it is' my intention to. cover ell such' modifications which dol not involve a {leper-f ture from the spirit und scope of my inven tion as set forth in the following claims.

What I claim as new is:

and speed conditions whichf' l. ln a charge forming device orinternal combustion engines, the combination of an engine -cylinder having an intake, a carhuretor having a plurality of mixing chambers, e plurality of adjacent horizontal pg sageways connected therewith and terminating in n single downwardly extending pes-V 'sagewziy connected to the cylinder intake and a throttle valve in said downwardly extending passageway.

2. In a charge forming device for multicylinder engines, the combination of a plurality of cylinders, a carburetor `havin a plurality of vertically arranged mixing chambers,- automstic means controlling ohe of said chambers dependent on: the load bn the engine, a horizontallyy extending manifold having a plurality of passageways communicating intermediate their ends with the respective mixing chambers, a downwardl discharging passageway at each end of the manifold communicating at itslower end with e cylinder and at its upper end with the parallel pessageways, and a throttle valve in cach of seid downwardly discharging passageways. In testimony whereoir I ailix my signatu EDWARD A. JonNsroN.

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