US1461026A - Swimmnig-pool construction - Google Patents

Description

.uy l0, 1923.

Mmm@ J; F.; BQORAEM SWIMMING P'nL coNsTaucTLom Filed March le, 1922 -3 Sheng-smet 1 BKMM ATTORNEY Mmmm@ J` F. BOORAEM SWIMMING POOL CONSTRUCTION Filed March 8, 1922 3 ShOets=ShOet 2 ncsoomem/ July l0, 41923.

ATTORNEY J. F. BOORAEM July 1o, 1923.

SWIMMING POOL CONSTRUCTI ON -Filed March a, 1922 s smwwshet 5 mwumulllnl.

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ATTORNEY Patented July lO, i923.

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PATENT JOHN FRANCIS BOORAEM, OF GREENWICH, CONNECTICUT.

SWIMMNIG-POOL CONSTRUCTION.

Application filed March 8, 1922. Serial No. 542,099.

Tic present invention comprehends cer-I tain improvements in swimming pool constructions and more particularly, improved means for taking care of. the continuous overflow from the pool and also providing adequatedrainage for the floor surface waf l5 ter atthe edge or margin of the pool toprevent the flow or drip of such water back into the water of the pool. In attaining the above purpose, in onefemhodiment of the inventionl provide an improved combina` 'tion rail, cap and gutter course extending entirely along each sideof the pool and which is so constructed that itscross-sectional area is comparatively limited, thereby rendering my new construction easy to in-y stall and comparatively inexpensive. As will be laterI more fully disclosed, the component partsofthe combination rail, cap `and gutter course are so constructed and relatively ai ranged that the over-flow water from the pool instead ofA flowing-by gravityy through a longitudinally sloping gutter to anoutlet, is directed transversely from the gutter in the same direction as the over-flow so `that no opportunity is afforded for mucus and other foreign matter to collect upon the walls of the gutter. ln other words, the iinproved construction entirely eliminates the necessity of sloping` the gutter longitudinally to the drains, which is quite undesirable in some'types because `of the poclretsformed in the gutter by shrinkage and relative displacement of the gutter sections wherein mucus may collect with unsanitary and unsightly results.

Another 'feature of the present invention resides in the provision of a drainage trench 'into which the over-flow from the gutter is immediately discharged in a transverse direction, and which also receives the floor surface water around the marginof the pool through suitablescuppers, Hoor plates orl drains arranged in the iloor surface. rihis trench may be thoroughly cleaned by removing certain ofthe scupper or drainage sections arranged in the floor without in any way interfering with the continued use of the pool, the provision of the drainage trench also materially reducing the area of the gutter surfacel adjacent to the pool necessary to be cleaned and eliminating the necessity of providing` a multiplicity of outlet connec' tions extending to a common drainage pipe laid around the pool behind the wall struc# ture.

l/Vith the above and other objects in View, the invention consists in the improved swimming pool construction and in the form and relative arrangement of its several parts as will be hereinafter more fully described, il lustrated in the accompanying drawings and subsequently incorporated in the subjoined claims.

In the drawings wherein I have disclosed several desirable and practical embodiments of the invention and in which similar reference characters designate corresponding parts throughout the several views,

Figure l is a fragmentary vertical section through a construction according to the present invention;

F 2 is a fragmentary section taken substantially at right angles to Fig.y l on the line 2 2 therein; `v

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary perspective view with parts broken away showing the iinp'roved construction;

Fig. 4 isa perspective view showing a slightly `modified form of floor plate or drain;

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary vertical section showing a slight modification;

.F ig. 6 is a fragmentary perspective of thesame;

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary horizontal section taken on the line 7 7 in Fig. 5;

Fig. 8 is also a partial perspective with intermediate parts broken away and showing a further slight modification;

F 9 shows a modified form of slab, floor plate or drain-insert in perspective;

Fig. l0 shows a further slight modiiication in a fragmentary perspective;

Fig. l1 is a similar View showing a further modification, and

Fig. l2 shows alternative sections of still further forms of the invention.

ln one embodiment of my present invention which have illustrated `by way of ei:-` ample in Fig. l of the drawings, the retaining wall l which is of concrete or other similar material and surrounds the pool, is provided in its upper edge along each side of the pool with a continuous longitudinally extending` shelf or recess, the surfaces of Which are preferabl f disposed at angles With relation to ea-ch other. These angular surfaces, as Well as the side sin-faces of the Wall l which bound the pool, are covered With a suitable Waterproof material l.

ln the construction of the pool in accordance with the present invention, theside Walls of the pool are composed of courses of enameledv brick or tiling 2 laid in superposed relation against the waterproofing material l. rlfhis enameled brick, as clearly shown in the drawings, extends for a certain distance above the base of the longitudinal shelfinthe Wall or foundation l. lntermediate and rear courses of enameled brick or tile, designated 3 and 4r respectively, are vlaid upon the Waterproofing' material corering the horizontal'base surface of the marginal shelf in the Wall l, the enameled brick or tile l being; engaged against the vertically extending portion of the Waterproof material at ythe rear side of said shelf. The intermediate courses of brick 3 are spaced a suitable distan-re from the brick 4l; to provide a drainage trench 5 of predetermined Width.

This trench is provided with a longitudif. lnally sloping or inclined bottom which, if

desired, may consist of separate bricks, slabs or ytiles of suitable material. The bricks `3 are likewise properly spaced from the brick 2 constituting the lining for the pool and provide supporting; means -for the combinationy rail and gutter units1tobe presently referred to, as Well as formingthe outer Wall ofthe trench 5.

The cap, gutter course and life rail units are preferably made in two sections, the cap course units 6 in this embodiment ofthe invention being; Aof the form illustrated in Figs. l, 2 and 3 of the drawings. rllhe gut- `ter and rail course units 7 maybe relatively narrow in comparison to thel units of this character as heretofore used, each of said rail and gutter course units beine; provided-k at tits outer side with an upstanding rail or flange 10;` The ,cross-sectionalform of these i gutter course units is such as` to provide transversely and inwardly sloping' or .inclined base surfaces as hereinafter. more particularly referred to. A. relatively small amount ofv mortar, cement or other plastic materiakind-icated at 8, is required to fill in between the tile liningi 2 and the brick 3 continuous gutter having' lno longitudinal in-` clination. Each of the gutter units is further provided at the inner end thereof and l,on its upper side at the rear of the gutter ll With. spaced bosses l2 having' ribs upon theirv up per edges to engage in complemental re-"l (fesses formed in spaced parts 13 of the cap units or sections, Each cap unit is preferably of hollow construction undone side thereofis properly .shaped to form' the upper and inner side Wall `of `the gutter lh lt is lof course, understood that a suitable mortar or cement is used between the parts 12 and t3 of theqcap and `f ,rutter units to se`v eurely bindy the same together.

For the purpose of further securing the cap units rigidly in place, I provide the vertical anchoringr bolts 13'( These bolts' extend through channels or recesses inthe contacting side faces of adjacent cap unitsasv` shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings.

Theupperportion of each cap unit 6` at the inner side thereof is recessed or rabbeted as at .14, thereby providing shoulders,'\vhich in conjunotionnvith the seatingsurfaces'l.

of the brick course l, receive and support the `floor, scuppers orA drainage slabs 16. These slabs vmay be of glazed 'terra cotta,

bronze `or similar materials land provide means for closingthe trench. 5. At intervals these seuppers ordrainage plates'are removable for. insertion of hose for scouring outV the trench.. As herein shown. each of said sl absus Hush lat .its edges With the floor 1T of the pool, the nppensurface of the-slab` slop-v ing inwardly and!dowmvardly Ufrom each edge thereof. to a longitudinally,extending slot 16 which affords Vmeansmfor draining the surface Water onjtlie floor Surrounding the pooljnto the trench'. lt -is also to be noted in .this connection that ,the luppersur-ik :faces of the Vca] auni t G slightly slope. inf., wardly. thereby direetinglthe dripl Water.

from the bathers to the slots 16 and `preventingthetiow of said Water into the ,water of the pool.

It will be; apparent-,from 'the abov'eldeseription thatthe structure.consistsfesseu\ tially of only two series of units. vThegutter 1l which is produced` bythe1 assemblage of said, unitslin the` manner stated, [is in l direct eoinmunication With the. trenchV 5 through the a ch shaped passages indicated,

at` 18 which are formed betweenthe op, n `posed innerend portions of each complea ,100

mental pair of cap and gutter units. heretofore noted, the-bottom surfaces of these passages formed by the gutter units are transversely inclined in an inward and downward direction'as shown at 19 and `substantially constitute unbrolaen continuations of the gutter 1l. lVhile any desired number of these transverse communicating passages may be provided, in order to take care of the most rapid and voluminous overiiow from the pool, l preferably provide such openings between each pair of cap and gutter units. ltwill be noted that these passages are comparatively wide so that any possibility of clogging is practically eliminated and the free transverse flow or outlet of the water from the gutter ll. into the trench 5 will be. assured under all conditions of use. it the same time, however, owing to the two-part construction and the particular form and manner of assemblage of the parts-or units,

it is found that suoli structure is entirely adequate to sustain the weights which may be imposed thereon and in practice is so designed.

As shown in Figs. 2 and 3 of the drawings, Y

the passages i8 may be providedhwith arch shaped top walls which may add to some extent to the strength and appearance 'of the structure, though'the rectangular formation of such passages as illustrated in Fig. 6,will not unduly weaken the structural .unitsW This is particularly true in view of the cross-sec tional form of the unit shown in this latter figure and the extensive supported area thereof. Both the cap and the gutter secH tions or unitsare made hollow wherever practicable in order to secure lightness and avoid warping without sacrificing rigidity and strength. Such construction likewise, permits of uniform shrinkage in accordance with well established practice in the manufacture of clay products.

ln Fig. el of the drawings I have shown a slightly different form of thedrainage slab 16a` wherein there is provided a flat de pressed central upper surface 17 lined with longitudinally spaced ,perforations 18L at its opposite sides. The marginal surfaces surrounding` said depressed surface portion lare inwardly and downwardly `inclined for directing the water to said perforations as will be obvious. These perforations ohviate the likelihood of the foot of the bather being in-` jured and at the same time provide adequate drainage for the floor surface. ln the construction shown in Figs. and 6, the use of the separate scupper sections or drainage slabs is dispensed with and the cap `units 6 are `of greater width so as to extend rear-4 wardly over the trench and tol seat` at their rear edges upon the bricks l` so that they will be flush with the iioor surface. lnl this construction the upper surfaceof the 4cap unit is depressed and provided with oppo- Asy sitely slopingareas directing the surface water into theslots or openings 6a. The under surface of the front or outer end of each cap section is centrally concaved as indicated at 6b to afford additional clearance for the overflow water. Also, the front surfaces of these cap units 6 at their meeting or contacting side portions are rounded or conve-:red as shown in F 7 so that the flow of the water is not retarded and no oppor-` tunity is givenfor mucus or other foreign matter to be retained thereon. c

ln each of the constructions above described, it will be understood that the overflow water passes immediately from the gutter ll transversely intov the trench 5 from which it is drained into a suitable outlet, and does not flow longitudinally in said gutter.

ln Fig. 8 of the drawings l have shown the drainage plates or slabs 2O which are relatively thin and may be formed of metal or terra cotta, as desired. l have also shown said plates as being perforated, but if desired, they may be replaced by similar plates 2l of the form shown in Fig. 9, having a single longitudinal central slot.

ln this. form of my invention the cap units and the gutter and rail units may be composed of an inner body portion 22 of cement, concrete or other similar material upon which a surface layer or veneer 23 of water proof cement, decorative composition, imitation ceramic of mosaic tiling maybe placed.

ln Fig. l() of the drawings l have illustrated a structure with a facing composed of separate tiles, bricks or blocks 24 laid iu courses showing substantially the same eiffect produced by monolithic construction of cement as in Fig. 8 and then lining or marking oil'l thesurfaces thereof in the manner well known to the art in' imitation of tiling.

ln Fig ll l have shown the structure provided with a surface of ceramic tiles or mosaic blocks 25 embedded in the monolithic concrete or other plastic body structure aud in l2 l have shown fragmentary secs tions of each ofthe structural forms disclosed in Figs. 8, l10 and 1l, respectively. lt will be understood that in each of these constructions, the transverse communicating passages 4connecting the trench with the gutter for the immediate drainage of the latter prevails.

Ina swimming pool constructed as herein described, the over-flow and splash water received in the gutter 1l does not. as heretofoie, flow longitudinally alongr the gutter to `a drainprovided therein at the lower end of its'sloping surface, but finds a direct and immediate exit through passages 18, continuing to liow in the same direction as in passing from the pool into vthe gutter. Therefore, such flow is'not in any way arrested'or checked as would be the case if the water were required to suddenly change its course. andflow. in a direction at-.right angles tothe .initial directionv of flow when .it leaves the pool. On the contrary, Ithe flow is entirelyunimpeded and it maybe said lthat the gutter `will always be vsubstantially emptyI since the. water passes immediately .there-Y from, into the trench 5. This trench is of ample capacity to takel care of all over-flow as well asthe drip or drainl Waterl and as above noted, provision is made for the easy flushing and cleaning lof the walls of this trench through removable floor plates, .without interfering with the continued use of the pool.

Another advantageincident to my pres.v

ent construction is that it is unnecessary to puncture .the waterproofing material l as has heretofore beenrequired in making the proper connections to the piping outletsor :leads at from 5 ft. to 20 ft. apart between the` gutter and the common drain pipe eX-.

tending ,around the pool. In the present instance it will be seen that I entirely dispense with the use` of such a 4pipe line, as it `is only necessary. to provide a single outlet connection at one end of. the pool to the drainage trench 5. I, therefore, avoid the expense incidentto the provision and installation ofthe large number of connections zbetween the overflow gutter and the round of any desired degree in order to rapidly discharge the Vwater therefrom. In prior r' constructions having the round about carryolf or drain pipe connected by pipe leads with a plurality of openings` in the gutter, said longitudinal slope of the pipe was necessarily restricted. Therefore, the new construction operates to more rapidly carry off the splash and over-How water and directs the scum and mucus outof sight into the collecting trench inthe shortest possible time and by the quickest route. I am thus` :also able to reduce the depth of the gutter so that it may be easilycleaned with a hose, the. discharge owing directly into the trench.

An additional advantage obtained by the piesent construction, resides in the eliminan tion of the separate life rail andthe construction of the .railfand gutter in the form of a single` unit. This reduces thev cost ofv installation, and adds tothe neat and attractive appearanceof the marginal Vwall of the pool.

This application is in part a continuar tion ofan applicationiiled byline on DecemberxBO, 1921, under Serial No; 525,991.

:continuous marginal gutter for the l/Vhilel have, hereinishown and Adisclosedseveralv desirable i and satisfactory. embodiments ofthe invention, .it will nevertheless 1 be understood that my improved pool con-V struction is susceptible Ytostill further modi.- lication, in the,form,'.construction and' rel-` ative arrangement of its several parts andI, therefore, reserve the privilege of adopting all such legitimate changes as may be fairly embodied'within the spirit and scope of vtlfie invention as claimed.

I claim:

LA swimming lpool construction com-1` prisingan overflow gutter and a trench ex,-

tending longitudinally of the margin of the.,

pool in 4spaced relation te each other-and transverse passages affording direct coinmunication between. said gutter vand trench.

2. A swimming pool construction lcom-A prisingnn overflow gutter and a trench spaced apart andextending `in parallel relation to the pool margin andpassages affording, direct communication betweenthe. gutter and trench, the base .walls of the:

gutter and passages having a continuous transverse inward and* downward inclination operating to continue the initial ilowof the water without'interruption from the gutter into said. trench.

3. A swimming pool construction. coinprising gutter course units and cap course units forming an overflow receiving gutter extending longitudinally of the pool linargin, a drainage, trench atthe-inner sides of the gutter andcap course units, said units..

having means affording vrtransverse comn'ninicating passages between the gutter and thetrench for directing the .water -in unin-..

terrupted lflow from said gutter yinto the trench.

4. A swimming pooly construction com-.1m

prising a supporting wall, waterproofing on the surfaces of said wall, and two series. of complementary units together forming a and a trench atithe inner sideof thegutter witliinethe Ywater proofed area'of said wall,

pool, V

said Aunits being lconstructed to provide transverseA passages aiording .direct ,come

munication between the gutter and said trench. i

5. A drainage system for swimming.

pools comprising a continueus marginal gutter and a continuous drainage trench at' the outer side of saidgutter andbelow the saine and inopen'communication withsaidy gutter to receive the overflow water without interruption of its .initial transverse course.`

of flow.

@LA swimming pool `construction comprising a trench extending along each side of the pool, cap course units at the inner side; of the trench'next adjacent to the` pool having transverse passages permitting of the uninterrupted transverse flow of overiiow water from the pool into said trench, and drainage members for the floor surface surrounding the pool closing the upper side of said trench.

7. A swimming pool construction coinprising spaced superposed courses of bricks forming a drainage trench therebetween, su` perposed courses of tile forming the side walls of the pool, a gutter structure consisting of a plurality oflike units supported upon the tile and one of the superposed courses of brick, said gutter units having transversely and downwardly sloping surfaces permitting of the uninterrupted initial transverse flow of the water from the pool through said gutter and into the trench, and means for draining the floor surface water into said trench.

8. A swimming pool construction com-` prising a wall, transversely spaced superposed courses of brick forming a trench therebetween and inner superposed courses of tile constituting the wall of the pool, combination rail and gutter units supported upon said tile and one of the brick courses, cementitious anchoring means for said units filling the space between said tile and brick` courses, said gutter units being disposed above the base of the trench and having transversely inclined downwardly sloping walls directing the overflow water from the pool without changing from its initial course from the gutter into said trench.

9. A swimming pool construction comprising combination gutter and rail course units, cap course units supported upon said gutter and rail course units and forming therewith a continuous: gutter, a drainage trench at the inner side of said gutter and cap course units, said units being constructed to provide transverse passages affording means for the direct flow of the Water Without changing its initial course from the gutter into said trench.

10. A swimming pool construction comprising combination gutter and rail course units, cap course units supported upon said gutter and rail course units and forming therewith a continuous gutter, a drainage trench at the inner side of said gutter and cap course units, said units being constructed to provide transverse passages affording means for the direct flow of the water without changing its initial course from the gutter into said trench, drainage means for the floor surface water covering the upper side of the trench, the upper surfaces of said cap course units being inclined to direct the Surface water to said drainage means.

1l. A swimming pool construction comprising a combination gutterand rail course unit, and a separate drainage tunnel, the gutter surface sloping transversely and downwardly away from the rail to direct the overow water into a separate drainage trench.

l2. In swimming pool construction, a combination gutter and rail course unit, a complementary cap course unit, and a separate drainage trench, said units being provided with projections adapted for interlocking engagement to support the cap course unit upon the gutter and rail unit and together forming part of a continuous gutter having transverse passages between said projections at the outer side of the gutter through which the over-How water may pass Without interruption of its initial course of flow into a drainage trench.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention, Ihave signed my name hereunder.

J. FRANCIS BOORAEM.

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