US1460691A - Artificial tooth - Google Patents

Description

July 3,1923

J. L. WILLIAMS ARTIFICIAL TOOTH Filed Jan. 29, 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 July 3, 1923. v

J. L. WILLIAMS ICIAL TOOTH Filed Jan. 29, 1920 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented July 3, 1923.

UNITED, sir

I -1,46 0,691 "PA TENT? OFFICE} JAMES LEON WILLI'AMS, OF NEW YORK, 1\T.*Y., nssrenon'ro THE DENTISTS SUPPLY COMPANY, a-ooRPonATI'oN on NEW YORK.

' ARTIFICIAL TOOTH.

a lication filed-January 29, 1920. Serial 1%. 354,97sl

To all whom it may concern: i 1

Be it known that 1, JAMES LEON l/VIL- LIAMS, a citizen of the United States, and resident of New York city, county of New York, and State of New York, have invented an Improvement in "Artificial Teeth, of

which the following is a specification. H

of the tooth and substituting therefor an entirely different attaching means enibody- .ing lIl some respects the advantages, of the mode of securingcrowns in place upon the roots of natural teeth through anchoring My present invention has furtherobject comprehending the embedding of the por- .celain tooth at its upper end and ilingual side in the vulcanite denture plate and anchoring it in such relation by angularly shaped anchor, one arm of. which of; irregular cross section and fits. down intoa hole opening through the crown of the tooth and cemented/therein,and the other arm extending rearwardly through a notch in the tooth to the lingual side of the tooth in whichit is cemented and its rear portion embedded in the vu'lcanite material forming the plate, thereby not only anchoring the tooth in a vertical direction, but also laterally in the lingual direction, so that in rough biting there will be a minimum. danger. from possible detachment of the tooth from the pl My invention also has for an object the provision, in a combined frontal tooth and plate connected by means of an anchor, of capacitysuch that the anchor may assume different angular positions in respect to. the tooth to adapt itself to various changes in the shape of the arch or roof structure. of the plate, with any given positioning of the toothyand also, with any given plate, structure, provision 'is madev for adjusting the tooth relative to the'anchor in a buccallingual direction whereby the tooth maybe given different angular positions relative tothe plate. With'this capacity for rela tive adjustment of the anchor inrespect to the tooth, both the positioning of the anchor and the tooth may be variouslymade,

in respect to the'plate suit; requirements of various months.

4 Myinvention, also lconsistsfof improvements hereinafter described whereby the.

above objects and resultsare attained, said improvements. comprising 3 certain organizas,

tion and combination of parts which are ularlydefined in-the claims.

Referring to the drawing; vertical sectional view taken bucco-lingually showing the means of union; Fig. 2 is a perspective view of inyiimproved tooth Fig,:.. 3 is an elevation of the tooth shown in Fig.

2, from the lingual side; Fig. .4.- is an enlarged view of a portion of the tooth shown in Fig. 3, butillustrating the attachment of the anchoring pin; Fig.5; is a perspective.

view of the general form of my improved anchoring pin; Fig 6 is a plan view-of the tooth with the anchor in place;..Fig. i7fis a diagrammatic view,corresponding:.toFig.

1, but showing the adjustable capacity. of..-

the tooth ,withrespect to theanchOr -and plate; and Fig. Sis a'similardiagrammatic view illustrating the capacity for the adjustment of the anchor relative to the tooth the plate.

2is thetooth and 3} thevulcanlte plate to which the tooth is attachedand anchored in position by anchor 4. Referring to the to correspond to variations .intheshape of general COI-lStllCtlOIl of, the. porcelain tooth 2, it has its upper part formed with the ridge 14 and the downwardly curved crown surface 5 terminating at the lingual face in the vertical or'lingual wall.,8. The,

surface 5 of the tooth is deeply recessed to;

provide a hole v6 which is preferably'somewhat tapering with the largerdiameternear the top in a bucc-al-lingual directiomarid in horizontal cross section this-hole is preferably more or less elliptical and greatly wider mesio-distally than in the direction between the buccal and lingual surfaces. g The hole thus provided is openedto the lingual side 8 of the tooth by a notch 73 preferablydovetailed or undercut, asshoflwn, beingwidest atthe bottom.-' f, l

The tooth aboveidescribed, v1s fitted wlth the angular anchor-4,- having 'thG VGItIGal portion 10 which extends down into the h 6 here n a d is cemented ln p tion,

as at 9 (Fig. 1). The upper or shank portion 13 of the anchor 41: is extended rearwardly and with a slight upward curvature, the extreme rear end being preferably v.looped shape as at 12, said rearwardly extending shank being wholly embedded in the vulcanite plate 3, as shown, the vulcanite material locking the anchor in place by extending through the opening 12 therein and in front of the outer shoulders of the looped end. The general angle between the vertical portion 10' and the shank portion 13 with its rear extension thereof is preferably greater than 90. The anchor is preferably made flat and extended rearward and curved upward to properly fit the vulcanite plate where it curves upward to fit the roof of the mouth. I prefer to provide the lower.

end 10 of the anchor with transverse grooves l1v whlch insure recesses or abrupt shoulders to take, a stronger hold in the vulcanite or other cement 9 employed to fill the hole 6 in the tooth. This anchor lhas its rearwardly extending shank positioned in the 25' notch 7 of the tooth and cemented therein, as showing at 9, in Fig. 4:, wherein the side edges of the shank are preferably beveled at P so as to make the shank wider at its under surface thanat its upper surface and thuscause it to be locked in position by the cement It will alsobe seen that the tooth is strongly anchored to the plate by the metal anchor 4 in such a manner that it is held vertically to the plate and, moreover, "is held from breaking away from the plate when subjected to strong outward thrust upon the incisor'end from the lingual to the buccalside during rough biting efforts. It

-will be noted that the ridge 14 of the tooth snugly fits in the body of the plate, in a socket 145*, as it were, (Fig. 1'), and thereby prevents any'slipping or displacement out- 'wardly at the upper part of the tooth; and

therefore, the anc'horis especially useful in holding the incisor end of the tooth from moving outward and separating from the the plate. Aside from the fact that the anchor 4' is rigidlysec'ured to the tooth and hence holds it in a vertical direction, it acts much; like a 'hookto hold the tooth body to the lingual lap or shoulder 3 From Fig. 1,' 1t wlll be observed that the :vulcanite material of the plate 3 extends down into the openin of the hole 6 and also,,into the notch 7 and this further holds the tooth inv proper position to resist all displacement during mastication; and the flat form of the shank 10 of the anchorfitting the Wide holeo of the tooth strengthens the structure against loosening the tooth by torsional strain.

It will be observed that the rear arm or shank of the angular anchor 4 is capable of vertical adjustment within the slot 7 of the tooth, and, similarly, the vertical arm 10 of the anchor is capable of swinging about the bottom of the'hole to assume different angular positions within the tapered aperture 6 of the tooth 2, whereby the rear end of the anchor assume various elevatlons relatively to the tooth wlienasso ciating itancl the tooth with the vulcanite plate 3. Also assuming that'the anchor 41 isto have a definite position in the vulcanite plate 3, then it will also be evident that the tooth 2 may be rocked upon the bottom of the arm 10 of the anchor to position it buccal-lingually with respect to the plate and with the effect that the incisor end is caused to be positioned in a more outward or buccaldirection' or in a more inward or lingual direction, as may be re-' uired for proper occlusal cooperation with tie lower teeth. In the making of dentures,

by the. shape of the upper jaw of the patient, and, similarly, the position of, the tooth must be governed for'proper co-actio'n with the lower teeth, and, therefore, there must be a capacity for relative adjustment which will permit theangular anchor to be employed and at the same time. be" both properly positioned in the plate and thoroughly secured in the h'ole'6 and notch 7 of the tooth. This capacity is secured by making the hole 6 wider in a buccal-lingual direction (and preferably tapering) than .the shape of the plate is largely governed the arm 10 of the anchor and, atthe same time, to provide greater depth in the notch 7 than the vertical thickness ofthe r'ear arm or shank of the anchor, whereby the tooth may be adjusted relatively to the anchor without the said shank coming above the upper portion of the notch. Further-- more the space in the notch inthe hole of the tooth must be sufficiently large that the vulcanite or cement may work its way down thereinto and securely hold'the an- Choir in position within the tooth.- This caence to the two) diagrammatic Figs. 7 and pacitywill be better understood by refer- 8 which, while corresponding'to Fig. -1,in- I dicate the'six possible positions of extreme adjustments or relative posltioningof the parts.

respond in general to the construction of Fig. 1, butas'suming the plate tobe that :required, it will be possible with n ferring to a 7, mesons lines 'cor-' I F cementand'the cement is dove-tailed into the not'c'hedportion of the tooth. v 4. A combined artificial tooth having a.

flat back for approximately one third of its height, and anchor in association with the vulcanite ofthe' denture plate, wherein the tooth its upper part provided with I Ea deep hol'e and deep rearward notch, and

x the vulcanite of the" denture plate is fitted over thetop of the tooth-and into the upper portions of the ho'leand notch and also downward along the Hat back of the, tooth forf'approximatel y one-third of "the height thereofvwhereby the toothis positively held against turningabout-an upright 1 axis, said anchor made of flat'metal of an angular shape'havingi one portion, extending down into the; hole of the, tooth and cemented therein and having the otherand'upper or shank portion thereof extending rearwardly and upward and embedded in-the material of the denturean d plate substantially mid- ""Way' of its'upper and lo-wer'surfaces.

portion for attachment to the denture plate.

beveled side edges.

' 6. The'inx' ention according to claim j5,

further characterized, by having the sides of I the rearwardly' extending portion adjacent to the verticalpart providedwith oppositely 7 ,An artificial tooth having af vertical "hole, therein closed on all sides'at its bottom and of, greater width transversely; than inabuccal-lingual direction, said holealso jb eingtapered from its bottom outwardly and in a buccal-lingual directionand also having "a rearwardly extending deep notch less widthfthan the hole and" arranged between the hole and the lingual wall of I the tooth, the depth of said notch being,

greatly more than the. vertical thickness of 8. An artificial' tooth having a fvertical hole therein )closed'on all sides and of a greater width transversely than in a buccallingual direction, saidhole openingat the topof the tooth and also having a rear wardly extending notch between the hole and ,the lingual wallof the tooth, said notch v'ha vin g its side walls made undercut. a v 9. En artificial-tooth havingia' vertical hole therein of greater width in a direction mesio dist'ally than in a bucoal-lingual"direc-' tion, said hole also being tapered from its bottom outwardly and in a buccal-lingual' direction and also having a rearwardly "extending deep notch of less width than the hole and arranged between the hole and the lingual wall of the tooth, the depth of said notch being greatly; more "than. the

vertical thickness of the anchor with which,

it is to'be'- employed, combined with an" angular anchorof metal having a verticalpart of greater width than thiclmess fitting in the verticalhole of the tooth and adapt ed to be adjusted therein atvarious angles in a lingual-buccalplaneand having a rearwardly' extending arm adjustable vertically in the /notch of thetooth and of a vertical thickness greatly less than the vertical'depth of the notch, and a'vulcanite plate fittingthe I,

back and top of the tooth and extending down into the hole and notch thereof'and surrounding the anchor on all sides, thea'nchor being adjustable in the hole and notch of the tooth when shaping the plate to permit its reararm' to bewholly embedded with- {in the vulcanite' of theroof portionof the plate.

unto setlmy hand.

- 5 ,JAMES LEON W LIAMs;

In testnnony of which inventioml here-- the'ancho-r wit hich it is to be employed to but ofyless depth thanthe hole.

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