US1456048A - Brick - Google Patents

Description

' y May 22, 1923. I 1,456,048

H. P. BARR V BRICK Filed June 24, 191e 2 sheets-sheet 2 /14 Vf# f 3 .o 7171 ey 30 the other.

lfatented lit/tay 22, i923.

Ubliplli@ TTS iastate ria- HAEEY r. BAER, E EAST ORANGE, NEw JERSEY, AssIGNoE To CHARLES E. ErsKE, 10E NEWTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

BRICK.

Application led June 24, 1918. Serial No. 241,531.

To all whom. t may concern.'

Be it known that l, HARRY P. BARR, a citizen of the United States, and res-ident of East Orange, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented an Improvement in Brick, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like characters on the drawings representing like parts.

My present invention is a hollow wall of novel type, great strength, and with a plurality of open channels interrupting horizontal mortar courses through. the wall, and novel types of building units adapted to interlock with Standard Sized common brick at corners or other points inthe wall.

Important features of my present invention consist in a building unit and wall construction built therefrom, wherein a plurality of load-carrying vertically extending wall sections are employed, giving great strength and rigidity to the wall and forming a plurality of open channels, viz, two, each channel interrupting the horizontal mortar course between adjacent rows of my type of building unit, thus providing a double means for insuring moistureproofness and temperatureproofness from one wall face to The hollow wall embodying my invention presents triple rows of load-carrying wall sections, the inner and outer sections respectively being cored to save weight and material, and the intermediate or third wall section being also cored, these three sections being united by a horizontal .web constituting the body portion of eachbrick, and forming with said three wall sections the two open air channels.

Numerous advantages are secured by the present invention. In manufacturing the channel brick of my present type, the brick can be made as a duplex block, having the end wall sections wire cut for ready separation after drying and burning, with the central or intermediate wall Section uncut.

This advantage enables the duplex block to retainits form while plastic and during dry-l ing and kiln burning,'and yet to be quickly and easily Separated into two individual channel brick, by a single chisel action at the central wall section, instantly separating the two brick. Furthermore, the central wall section is of substantial size, giving aperfect and convenient ;hand hold to the mason when laying such -brick into a wall, 'i

permitting handling of vmy type of channel brick with a minimum of eii'ort vand'therefore facilitating building operations. An additional feature ofthe `broad central wall section is that it affords a firm and pro-per" bearing surface to be fitted, slid, and -positioned in alinement with the wall, enabling the mason with his hand pressing upon the centralvwall section, to firmly seat the chan-y nel brick in position on the mortar courses prepared for it, settling 1t into shape and forcing the same down, squeezing outv the `mortar to desired thinness and compressing the mortar courses `into recesses or around projections where .these are employed. This broad hand hold and pressure receiving central section, therefore, is of special value in actual work. My channel brick with the triple wall sectio-n-s and double air channels can be built either side up, i. e., with the open air channels extending upwardly and closed by thebody portion -of the next channel brick, or with the air channels opening downwardly and closed by the lowermost channel brick; the outer faces also may be interchangeable, so that the mason will lose no time in picking out successive brick for building.

Additional important featuresin the lpresent invention, consist in the saving of mortar, together with the ygreat strength of my completedwall, and the multiplicity of open air channels interrupting the mortar courses, as well as the adaptability of .this channel brick for all uses wherein common and face brick of standard types and sizes are employed, interlocking with such common brick at piers, corners, and other desired positions, and the important fact that my brick can be economically made' in the ordinary type of die machine as Va continuous process, wire cutting the same, stacking, drying and kiln burning, like ordinary brick, while giving a maximum of strength with a'minimum of clay material and mortar inthel completed wall structure.

Referring to the' drawings illustrating preferred embodiments/of the invention,

Fig. l is a cross-sectional viewof a double brick or 'duplex block, as the same comes from the die;

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view ofthe single channel brick vready'for use; y y

tion, showing the same in fragmentary Aform and in cross-section;

Figs. 4, 5 and 6 are corresponding views of a duplex block in cross-section, single brick in` cross-section and perspective wall section, showing a modified form, illustrating an interlocking projection and recess ony eachy wall section, theembodiment oik the.

invention illustrated in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 showing a mortar recess or interlock on each middle wall section only.

`ldeferringto the drawings,y I prefer` to make the channel brick of Figs. 1, 2 and 3,

double, `forcing the same Vthrough aldie oi suitable form, wherein leachbrick has the .horizontal web orA body portion `1 carryving the wall sections 2, 3 and 4, said wall v .section being cored as shown at 5,6 and 7 vao respectively. To form these three wall sections comparatively large cored recesses 10, 10, are made in adouble b rick, resulting in the open channels 9, 9,l in each single brick. I desire also, in this form ofchanvnel brick, to provide' mortar interlocking recesses 11, inthe bodyportion 1, of each brick, and similar mortar'recesses 12, these recesses l11 and l12, being in alinement and .central vo'lf'the middle wall section 3. To

this end it may also be desirable to form the Vcored opening v6 of slightly less size in 'the central wall'section 3, than the cored openings 5 and 7 in the outer wall sections 2 and 4 respectively.v In forcing the clay through the die, it is also desirable to completely sever the outerv wall sections by Stringing a wire from the cores forming the yopenings l10, 10, through to vthe die, thus completely cutting the two'brick on theline 13-13 as shown, giving a smooth open mortar ` bed 14, 14, on the top or" each outer wall section. As the .clay is plastic'during this process of formation, it imme- 'diately reunites vafter passing the cutting wire, sufficiently to'remain in vcohesion-during the hacking, drying and Akiln burning processes. (The central webs uniting the middle'sections 3, 3, at either side of the recess 12, are lefty in rintegral relation, and

4hold the two brick togetherin its duplex form, these webs being'scoredslightly as shown at 15, 15. Consequently, after the brick is transported to the place of building,a single blow with a wide chisel on the scoring 15, 15, separates each brick which breaks evenly onthe wire cut lines 13, and scoring 15, leaving the slightly projecting ribs, 16, 16, and the mortar recesses 17'- the latter'one-hal. being the central recess 12-on the central or middle wall section 3. .As shown in Fig. 3, they resulting wall :structure built of these channel brick gives a strong, rigid, load-carrying vwall of .hol-

low Iwall-sections with a plurality of air channels 9, .9,'as well as the plurality of cored openings 5, 6, and 7 transversely throughoutV eachl layer in lthe rllhe horizontal mortar courses 18, and vertical mortar 19, in each wall face are inter-` rupted by" the 'two lair channels 9, 9, fthe central'mor'tar course 20, upon the middle wall section, givingan interlock which will retain adjacent courses of channel brick in proper alinement, locking them against displacement and with allthree sections bearing their proper proportion 4of rcompressive strain and load inthe wall. A. minimum of mortar, it will be noted, is` employed, the mason easily and quickly laying .a y,ribbon of mortar along thebeds 14 of eachouter wall section andt along the: recess 17 and ribs 16, 16, of thecentral wall section, in one brick, and thereupon holding the next I superimposed' brick by the' 'large hollow wall `section 3 as a hand hold, positioning it ony the mortar, settling7 itl iirmly and solidly place with the `vheel of thel hand securing a good hold on the i'latvr ribs 1,6,v viforcingthe` lentire bricky into place,` squeezing the central mortali' ribbon `2O 'upinto the recess 11, `alining'the brick and working it into place with comparatively slight effort, and withy out undue exertion or injury tothe hands and without the necessity of tapping the brick wall with his trowel which masons desire tov avoid if possible. block, thereiiore can "be `built into ya ,wall with great speed, and "without wearing :out the masons, or exhaustive labor.

My improved i The viiarrow air spaces 9, 9, are as effectivein interruptingv lthe mortar 'courses 18, as if they' 'Ihe hollow wall sections eliminate 'ins tively 31 and 32, and theinner or'middlej,

section 33. Each of these wallfsections is cored as shown at 34. 0n each wall section I provide an interlocking lug 35, preferably projecting 'upwardly from the top of the wall section, and I 4also form a correspoiidy ing recess 36, preferably in the body portion.30, these lugs and` recessesbeing in alinement so as to a'fl'ord a'positiveinterlockingA vconstruction in .the completed wall,

of channel brick with the lugs 35. connecting, as shown in Fig. 4,..I protect such lugs v during the, processes' 'of y manufacture and transportatiomquntil the'y double block is ready to be split and the individual channel brick used in actual work. To .this end,

-as shown in Fig. V6. By formingthistype 4,

antenas also, l may wire cut the outer pairs of lugs on the line 37 as also clearly shown in Fig. 4C, leaving the centralk pairs of lugs 35 united, to hold the double block in assembled position, in a similar manner to that already mentioned in connection with the channel brick shown in Figs. l, 2 and 3.

This type of brick presents the double open channels 37a, 37a, and the triple wall sections, and can be built into a wall either side up, i. e., either as illustrated in Fig. 6, or with each channel brick in reversed position. The horizontal mortar courses 38 and the vertical mortar courses 39 are interrupted by the central air spaces 37a, 37a, while the middle mortar course 40 is similarly isolated by the air spaces 37a, 37a. ln this form the lugs 35 or one or more of them may be readily clipped off by a trowel when it is `desired to fit the brick as at corners, piers, or the like, with common brick crossing the same, the exposed faces of my type of brick being preferably of standard brick size as is well known iri this particular art of channel brick construction. l am aware of the present types of channel brick now generally employed, but these channel brick either rely upon a relatively vlarge single central air space or a narrow insecure and objectionable hand-hold, which also is not load bearing, and my present invention is particularly directed to obviate the difficulties of such prior channel brick constructions. rlhe small narrow hand-hold, particularly, is highly objectionable, and any narrow weblike projection which the mason must rely upon to seat, settle, or force the brick down into place in its mortar bed is tiresome, wearing, and results in fatigue and, of course, is unsuted for pressure applying through the hand of the mason in forcing so large a building unit as a channel brick extending the entire width of the wall into alinement and position. My invention provides a broad hand hold in the central member, which member is also a load-carrying land strengthening means in the wall. A further advantage in my wall is that l provide the plurality of air spaces, as should one air space be accidentally filled up with mortar by a careless mason, the moistureproofness of my wall is still retained, whereas in prior constructions relying upon a single central air space, the filling of such central space with mortar would completely destroy the moistureproofness of that mortar course. It will also be manifest that an important advantage is present in my wall structure by forming the plurality of wall sections as hollow members, preventing useless employment of mortar, and limiting the mortar courses to small even ribbons or strips, which can be quickly and evenly laid by the mason along the top of each wall section,

fe; sa

or in case the blocks are built in inverted order, these mortar ribbons would be laid along the appropriate spaces on the body portions l or 30, as will be readily appreciated.

My invention is further defined and described in the form of claims as follows:

l. Channel brick of the kind described, comprising a connecting body portion having formed thereon three vertically extending wall sections of equal length, each section being cored and producing with said body portion two open channels the exposed faces of the outer wall sections being of standard brick size.

2. Channel brick of the kind described, comprising a connecting body portion having formed thereon three vertically extending wall sections of equal length, each of said vertically extending wall sections being ofgreater width than the intervening open channels.

3. Channel brick of the kind described, comprising a connecting body portion having formed thereon three vertically extending hollow' wall sections, each of said vertically extending wall sections being of greater width than the intervening open channels and the exposed faces of the outer wall sections being of standard brick size.

4. Channel brick of the kind described, comprising a connecting body portion having formed thereon three vertically extending wall sections, each section being cored and producing with said body portion two open channels, each of said wall sections being of greater width than the intervening open channels and having the exposed faces of the outer wall sections substantially equal in area to standard brick size.

5. Channel brick of the kind described, having` a horizontal body portion and a plurality of hollow wall sections extending at right angles therefrom on the same side,

said sections being parallel with each other,

an inner hollow wall section on said body portion and having substantial width to constitute a hand hold with a broad bearing top surface the exposed faces of the plurality of hollow wall sections being of substantially brick size.

6. Channel brick of the kind described, comprising a horizontal connecting body portion and a plurality of vertically extending co'red members, an inner member having-mortar receiving grooves to provide an interlock with the mortar course applied thereon.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

HARRY P. BARR.

Witnesses:

FRED DEGAR, j W. C. SMITH. l f

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