US1451811A - Burner - Google Patents

Description

Am, H7, 1923..

- F. H. BROWN BURNER Filed April 16, 19 20 Patented Apr. 17, 1923;

FRANCIS H. BROWN, or ornnoltnnlv, PENNSYLVANIA, assrsnon '10 rnrnotnora HEAT AND POWER eomrANY, or BGSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, a GORPOBATEQH OF DELAWARE.

BURN

Application filed April 18, 1920.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that l, Fimsois H. Bnown, a citizen of the United States, residing at I (llenolden, in the county of Delaware and State of Pennsylvania, have invented an Improvement in Burners, of which the tollowing description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like characters on the drawings represent- Hl ing like parts.

The invention to be hereinafter described relates to burners, and more particularly to burners employing oil as a fuel. burners for liquid fuel are usually of two 5 types, one in which steam, compressed air or other atomizing fluid is employed to atomize the oil beyond the delivery tip of the burner, and the other in which the fluid is employed to atomize the oil internally ot the burner. The present invention relates to burners 0f the latter type.

In my copending application Serial No. 367,629, filed March 22, 1920, is shown, described and claimed a fuel oil burner provided with a charging device for introducing the oil and atomizing agent to the gun or body of the burner, and having provision for ellicient atomization ol' the oil so as'to break the same up into substantially in gaseous state. This device preferably is located remotely from the delivery tip (it the burner where it will not be sub ected to the high temperature of the furnace in which the burner is introduced, and therefore, the tendency of the oil to carbonize on the oil and atomizing fluid conducting passages is reduced to a minimum.

This is a good ellicient form of burner for the purposes. However, since the charging device is located a substantial distance from the delivery tip of the burner, the atomized oil must pass through the gun of the burner a substantial distance before reaching the tip of the burner. In some instances it is found that the atomized oil tends to return from a gaseous state to a more or less liquid state, so that globules or particles o l' oil are projected by the atoinizing fiuid troin the tip of the burner. These globules if existing in the steam projected into the furnace. are liable to collect on the grate or checker-work at the bottom of the furnace and burn thereon. This Will tend to reduce the ellicicncy of combustion of the oil supply. increase the carbon monoxid (C0) in the combustion Serial No. 374398.

chamber, and tend to cause carbonized oil to accumulate on the grate and cl1ecker-work and other parts of the furnace. 4

lhe burner of my said application is provided witha device for pro .lucing a secondary atomization of the oil prior to delivery lrom the tip of the burner into the furnace, and tends to prevent return of the oil from asnhstantially gaseous to a more or less liquid state.

ll e a m and purpose oi the present invention is to provide improved meanslnore elliciently to produce the secondary atomization of the oil, and in the present instance of the invention, this is accomplished at the delivery tip'ot the burner, the construction being-such that the oil is thoroughly atomiacd into substantially a gaseous state on delivery from the burner into the furnace, and the objections referred to are effectively overcome.

The character of the invention will be best undertsood by reference to the following description of one good form thereot' shown in the accompanying drawing, whereirtz- Fig. l is a vertical longitudinal section through a burner embodying the ii'ivention;

Fig. 2 on an enlarged scale is a transverse section taken on line 2 2 ol' ijig. 1; and

Fig. on an enlarged s ale is an end view of the burner looking toward the rear the rent.

Referring to the drawing, the burner shou'n therein as one good form of the in vcntion. comprises a gun orhody l of sub stanlial length which may be provided with a harging device of suitable construction. In the present instance, this charging device may be similar to that disclosed in my said application This charging device coinprises a member I of cylindrical or other appropriate l'oi'in having a closed rear end 5 and a front end threaded to a coupling 7 threaded in turn to the rear end of the gun or body 1., This member may be provided with suitable passages for the oil and steam or other atoniizing lluid. In the present instance. in the form of a passage in the tube 9 conveniently l'ormcd. integral with, the inei'nber 1 and projecting from the rear end toward the trout end thcrcol'. This tube may be substantially smaller than the internal diameter of the cylindrical member 3 to afford an annular passage 11 surounding said tube for conducting the steam or atomizing fluid towerd the front end of said member. A neck 13 projects from the oil conducting passage outvverd beyond the body 3, and is threaded to a pipe 15 for con ducting oil to the burnertrom a suitable source of supply, said pipe being provided with a usual valve 17 whereby tlie'supply of oil may be admitted to or cut oil from the burner as desired. A neck 19 projects from the annular steam conducting passage 11 out beyond the body 3, and is threaded to a' pipe 21 for conducting steam or other atomizing fluid to the burner from any suitablesource of supply, said pipe being provided With a usual valve 23 whereby the steam may be admitted to or cut oil from the burner as desired.

The oil conducting tube 9 msy be provided with a tip or nozzle 25 which may be threaded to a reduced end of the tube 9 so as to be susceptible of adjustment, as more fully hereinafter described. The end or delivery mouth 27 or" said tip may be contracted so as to increase the velocity of the oil as it passes therethrough.

' The coupling member 7 referred to, may be formed to provide a delivery mouth :29 contracted to afford an opening substantially less than the opening uii'orded by the annular steam conducting passage ll, the construction being such that the velocity of the steam is materially increased as itissues through the mouth 29 and comes in contact with the oil delivered through the mouth 27. The stream of steam is desirably concentrated 1 and directed transversely across the stream of oil issuing from the oil delivery mouth 27 so as thoroughly to break up and atomize thev oil into substantially a gaseous state.

they are susceptible of relative Since th e coupling provided with the steam delivery mouth is threaded to the body 3, adjustment, and the relationship of the oil and steam deklivery n'iouths may be varied to regulate the size of the steam delivery mouth for most efiicient atomizing effect.

It will be noted that this atomization is produced by the formation of the oil and steam delivery passages, and that no valves are employedor parts movable in the normal operation of the burner are required.

As a consequence, there are no movable parts which are liable to get out of order, and the charging device can be relied upon to produce uniform and consistent atomization of the oil.

The oil and steam mixture including the thoroughly atomized oil progresses from the charving device through the gun or body 1 toward the delivery end of the burner. As stated, an important feature of the iuvcntion is the provision of means for producing a secondary atomization of the oil at the delive end of the burner; so that if the oil shou d return from its substantially gaseous state to s more or less liquid state, the oil the oil comprises a neck 31 having a flange 33 ut the rear end thereof thrcaded'to the trontflend of the gun or body 1. A delivery tip o'r' 'nozzle 33 may have a threaded or other adjustable connection with the neck 31,

end this tip may be contracted to present a delivery orifice 35.

Mounted Within the neck 31 is a neck 37 conveniently connected to the neck 31 by a web 39 provided with a plurality of openings or ports d1 for allowing the oil and steam miizture to pass from the gun into the annular passage &3 between the necks 31 and 37. A tip or nozzle may be threaded or otherwise adjustably connected to the neck 37, and may be contracted to afford a delivery orifice 4:? adjacent to and directly back from the orifice 35.

The construction is such that the oil and steam mixture may-pass from the gun both into the annular passage 43 and into the central passage 49. The shape of the nozzles or tips 33 and 45 is such that the annular stream passing through the passage 43 is concentrated against and caused to project transversely across the stream issuing from the central passage 49, and the velocity of said streams is materially increased. As a result, a secondary atomization of the oil is produced which insures delivery of the oil' state, and the liability of deposit of globu'lcs or particles of oil on the grate or checker: work or other parts of the furnace is reduced to a minimum.

Since the orifice tips 33 and 45 are threaded to the necks 31 and37 respectively, they are susceptible of a desirable niccty of adjustment, so that said tips may be srranged to produce the most efficient atomization effect on the oil.

Since the device for producing the secondary atomization is threaded to the gun or body 1, it may be readily attached to or removed from said gun or body, and When it becomes Worn, a new one may be readily substituted therefor." To facilitate the application of the device to and removal of the same from the gun, it may have slabbed ofi' faces adapted to receive a wrench. To facililate application of the tips 33 and L5 to their necks, and removal therefrom, they may have ribs 33 and 45 respectively, to receive a suitable Wrench. In applying the tips to g ennon and then the tip 33 would be applied. While the delivery orifices of the tips have been shown herein as of circular :iorm, it will be understood that other forms may be em ployed if desired.

It will be understood that the inventii'm is not limited to the specific embodiment shown, and that various deviations may be made therefrom without departing from the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

- What is claimed is 1. A burner, comprising, in combination, a gun, a charging device for introducing oil and atomizing fluid to the gun, and having provision to cause the fluid to atomize the oil, and a device for producing a secondary atomization of the oil. spaced a substantial distance from the position of the first atomization and having a pair of passages contracted to present adjacent orifices, one for concentrating the stream delivered thereby against the stream delivered by the other.

2. A burner, comprising, in combination, a body having a chamber of substantial length, means for introducing oil and atomizing fluid therein with provision for causing the fluid to atomize the oil at one end of the chamber, and a delivery device for said body having a pair of nozzles at the other end of the chamber, one ivithln the other, and provided with contracted ends for receiving streams of mixing oil and atomizing fluid from said chamber and formed to cause one stream to be concentrated against the other to contribute to the atomization of the oil as it issues from. said nozzles.

3. A burner comprising, in combination, a body having an elongated chamber for conducting atomized oil toward the delivery end of the body, a nozzle at the delivery .end of the body communicating with said chamber and contracted to present an orifice, and a nozzle within the first-named nozzle communi sting with said chamber and contract ed to present an orifice adjacent the firstnerned orifice, said nozzles afi'ording "pas-- sages causing commingling of streams issuing therefrom producing further atomization of the oil. I

4;. A burner, comprising, in combination, a body having a delivery end and an elongated chamber leading toward said end, means for introducing atomized oil into said chamber, and a delivery device projecting from said body having outer and inner necks providing outer and inner passages leading from said chamber to conductstreams of conuningled oil and atomizing fluid, and tips adjustably connected to said necks contracted to present orifices for delivering the streams from said passages with atomization eilect.

5. A burner, comprising, in combination, a gun, a charging device for delivering oil and atomizing fluid into the rear end of said gun, and a device at the delivery end of the gun comprising outer and inner nozzles, the latter being spaced from the former to'provide a passage between them, the end portions of said nozzles being converged inward to present delivery mouths closely adjacent to one another for increasing the velocity. of

' streams of mixed oil and atomizing fluid as they issue therefrom.

6. A burner, comprising, in combination, a delivery device for burners, comprising a pair of outer and inner nozzles, the latter being spaced from the former t0 afi'ord a passage between them, said nozzles being provided with orifices substantially smaller than said passages, thereby to cause the stream from one orifice to be directed against the stream issuing from the other orifice to produce atomization of the oil.

in testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

FRANCIS HBROWN.

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