US1451156A - Machine for crushing and grinding - Google Patents

Description

G; H. 4FRASER* MCHINE FOR CRUSHING ADI- GRINDING Apr. l0, 1923.

2 sheets-sheet l Original Filed Mar'. 3l, 1917 I WITNESS'ES:

Apr. 1o, 11923, 1,451,156

' G. H. FRASER MACHINE FOR CRUSHING AND GRI`NDING Original Filed Mar. 3l, 1917 2 sheets-sheet 2 INVENTOR WITNESSES:

material Patented am. le, ieee.

- resina Toreros.

GEORGE H. rnfisnn, or BROOKLYN, new YORK.

MACHINE FOR GRUSHING AND GRINDING.

Application filed March 31, 1917, Serial No. 158,825. Renewed December 15, 1922.

To all whom t may concern.' e

Be it known that I, GEORGE I-I. FRASER, citizenof the United States, residing in the borough of Brooklyn, county of Kings,

city and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements 1nv and aims to provide certain improvements therein.

The invention relates more particularly to rock crushers of the type having a plurality of crushing rolls within an annular die in which the crushing is effected between the periphery `of the rolls and the inner face of the die. In some examples of such ma chines the die revolves and is either held in position yieldinglv by the rolls which support it, or rigidly by a shaftk supported in fixed bearings and connected to the die by a head or spider, the rolls being pressed outwardly by springs to resist a crushing pressure from the inner face of the die, and being movable radially of the latter to yield to adapt themselves to the work. Y Means are generally provided for driving one of these parte, and the other parts are generally rotated by traction from the driven part. if

My present invention aims to provide an improved crusher or pulverizer especially applicable to the type in which the die is mounted on afixed axis and is the driven member. but includes many features of iin-V rolls, improved means for guiding'th'em,v

for transmitting all or part of the crushing: thrust from one rolly to another, improved means for holding the die, improved means for controlling the size of dischargedl from the die, and various details of improvement in the construction and the arrangement of the several parts of the machine, all of whichwillv be more fully hereinafterv Set forth `with `reference to the accompanying drawings, in which,

Fig. l is a side elevation partly in vertical axial mid-section,` of a Crusher in which the die isdriven and mounted'on a fixed axis, showing the preferred form of my' invention as adapted to a *Crusher of this type Fig. 2 is a frontielevation thereof-partly Vbroken away and in sectionon thelines 2 2 of'Fig'fli to show the' internal parts; and V thereof partly broken away and in section on the lines 3-@3 of Fig. 1 to `show the internal parts.

Referring to the drawings, let A'indicate a frame, B the ring or die, C therolls, D their shafts or axles, E the' roll carriers or bearings, S the. crushing springs or means. and Z the adjusting screw.

In the type 'of machine shown, the ring revolves at a speed sufficient to causethe material to be crushed to be held on the concave inner4 crushing face of the ring by centrifugal force, and the rolls `are Vrotatably held and are pressed against this` face to crushlthematerial thereon. lThe main the base. When the ring is the driven member as here shown, it is vcarried by a hollow wheel or cup-shaped heador spider G mounted on a shaft H carriedfrom supports I on the base A, and is driven in any suitable manner, yas by a pulleyJ which may be mounted on: aL shaft K1 with clutch L1 and pinion M driving gea-rll/I1 on shaft H. Power applied torevolve the `ring causes Fig. 3 is a fragmentary rear elevation eoL the rolls to revolve `by traction, and the movable' roll carriers permit the rolls to move inwardly to adapt themselves tothe crushing operation. Materialis fed/.on'the inner face ofthe descending Iside of the ring in front of one of the 'lower rolls from a feed hopper N through a chute O, and revolves with the ring, passing 4underthe rolls until crushed sufficiently lto flow -overv the sides of the ring. The yring and rolls". are enclosed in a crushing' chamber yin the casingP. l As thus e y fai; Vdescribed the parte maybe spokes @extending :forwardly and Vrpreterably in parallelism with the shaft H, vwhich at their forward ends yare separably connecte'd to the ring` fB,-preferably by passing through holes c in a narrow flange or lug e on the outenperiphery of the ring,l which is clamped against the spokes by nuts to make a separable but not absolutely rigid connection between the ring and head.v The spokes or arms bconstitute a cage between the head andring, through whibhdischarge `from the ring can pass to the casing, and by which the yring can be held andrdriven from the hea-d with an amountof flexibility determinedby the sizeor character oi the spokes, and the tightness with which they Lare attached to the respective fparts. Preferably the spokes are slender enough and of sufficiently lflexible material, as ywroughtiron or steel, to give. a very slight -motion between the head and ring suilicient to prevent the vibration of the flattertrom crystallizing the cast metal of jthehead orthe drive shaft,butnot so much as topreventithe desired holding, driving and positioning of thering from the head. As shown, the spokes ZJ have reduced rear ends g ffittingholes Zt inthe disc and held therein by nuts z', and the body of .the spokes is enough larger than its ends to provide shoulders against which the head and ring may be elampedmore orless tightly to position them and hold them with the desiredtightness to,

give more or less .'ilexibility. y

Accordingfto another feature of improvement,eachrcrushing roll is supported each side of the ring to resist a crushing pressure "from the `inner llace of the latter, and means are preferably provided for ednalining the ypressure at each side or' the roll, and when stwofor more rolls are used, these means prett-A l erably react `'from each roll toward the other :er other-s, and from each side ot the rolls :toward the vCorresponding means at the other lside of therol'ls,A to the end of utilizii'ig all .the pressure and thrusts of the `rolls as a :crushing` force, and lapportioning this belLween the'rolls so that it will be uniform or .fbalanced lat leach side thereof.

Pre-erabl-yeach rollis movably carried so fthat it "can Llineve in parallelism with the axis of the die, as by being pivotally moiintv fed to swing on anfaex-is parallel with that' axle to prot ot the shaft H. As shown, 'the frame A carries a hollow or tubular or apertured support or member Z which is pivotally or slidingly detachably connected toit by pivotal bolts l and extends upwardly atthe side oi the die, and has. three approximately equi distant earsj, one at thebottom andthe others near the top of its upwardly extending irontA which have bores Zr in which are mounted or iixed pivotal shafts or pins Z ez-ztending.

having a bored head 79 in whiehthe axl D is 'tixed or keyed within the spieler. rlfhe axle D extends through .the roll and proects in front of the ear j and into linewith the front endorp thepin Z, and the front side of vthe carrier comprises a. separate arm g pivotally mounted on the front end of the pinZ and having a bored head i fitting over and-iixed orkeyed to the frontend oi 'the axle.

As shown, the top roll is pivotally mounted from a point slightly below its shaft. the

'feed roll -is suspended lfrom a point aboveA its shaft, and the other roll is supported from a point below its shaft and intermediate oit its end and the otherlower roll, so that its carrier inclines upwardly and outwardh7 and each carrier is lpivoted in advance of the point at which. its roll 'engages the ring7 so that in use the rolls pull on the carriers as tension members as the ring revolves when the feed hopper is on the side shown. This arrangement is not essential, however, asthe feed hopper may be placed on the other side,

a' seat s therefor-'being provided "at eachv side` so that when desired the feed can be against the carriers, which will then act as compression members lin resisting the tendency of the rolls to travel with the'ring.

When the rolls are rotatably mounted cn vthe carriers by revolying on iixedaxles or studs as shown, the bore ot the roll hub is suiiifi-ientls,Y large to permit placing a semicircular lining oi bearingmetal within it7 which keyed on the pressure side of the ectthe'latte'r Afrom wear from the roll. The hub t o't each roll is held between theA heads pand i" of the carriers to position it'axially, and the parts are lubri- I cated in any suitable manner, as by an oil lili),

llo

preferably reacting against or ii Each roll is held or pressed outwardly uniformly at each side oi" its crushime` tace, by compression means at each side ot the roll supported by similar means at the other side ot the roll,

` and acting expansively to pern t desiredL radial movements of the roll and axially to balance the load at each side of the roll, and these means preferably react toward two or more ot the rolls with torce that is countervailing in two or more directions, so that the pressure and thrusts incident to crushing are contined within the ring` and utilized between the several rolls as crushing forces. This may be accomplished in various ways, but l prefer to use the means shown, in which a radially and axially movable 'thrust member or link l is pivotally connected to each carrier head and inclines inwardly and is pivotally connected to a sliding, floating, or axially movable or adjustable member or transmitter L, which receives the thrust of each member K and transmits it to each other member, and moves both axially and radially to eiluffilizeV the thrusts between the membersvl at one side ot the roll, and to adapt itself to their variations in inclination incident to movements of the respective rolls. The thrust members K have pivotal connections permitting their movements in the several directions necessary to both axial and radial movement ot the transmitter L, and 'the parts preferably termed with abutting faces y or other knuckle joint provisions limiting,v their relative movement past a predetermined point, as the scad center for example, by which excessive movement is prevented, while the necessary intermediate movements are permitted. The compression members and transmitters are preterably duplicated 'at each side of the roll, and the transmitters are disposed wardly Ell . ot the carriers. so that the compression members diverge or incline outwardly., radially and axially, and expand as the transmitters are moved apart, and collapse as they aw moved toward each other, and between the transmitters are disposed preferably ripht hand and lett hand adjusting screws acting expansively, axially oit the die, to .torce the transmitters outwardly and cause the com-- pression members to act obliquely to hold the carriers and their rolls outwardly to re sist a crushing pressure. The transmitters shown are slidingly lfeathered axially, and have respectively right hand and lett hand screw/threads engaging the screw Zby which the transmitters can be adjusted toward or trom one another' to compress the. springs against the transmitters and increase or diminish their action, either to increase crushing pressure or take up wear. By screwing the transi'nitters together sulliciently the parts can be collapsed to permit the rolls to move inwardly to clear the lconcavity ot the ring for permitting` removal ot any roll, or of all the rolls from the ring. Each transmitter is prevented from rotation by a iorked arm a enga-ging some tixed part, as thehub n tor example, which serves to prevent displacement while permitting necessary movement. The inward collapsing' of the thrust members. gives ample room for adjustment oppositethe hub of the spider, and the knuckle -joint,preventing adjustment past the dead center ensures against the thrust members getting into contact with the end of the shaft H.

My invention preterably provides'means torsupporting the pivotal studs internally of the spider, which is preferably done by connections or tie bars extending 'from one studto another and pinned on the ends of these inwardly yott-he carriers, so that a strain yapplied to either stud is transmitted to the others, and all are bound togetherat their inner ends.

To control the size of material escaping from the die, my invention provides a. cheek piece preferably at each side of the die, which is iixed` preferably adjustably, at a point distant from the side tace of the die .corresponding to the maximum size desired j for the crushed product, and held in this position by supports extending 'through the interior ot the die. Preferably an annular cheek piece is mounted at each side of the die ladjustably on three or more fixed rods R which are removably carried in holes c in *theI support Z, and'serve to hold the cheek pieces rigidly in the desired posi ti(` n'r'el-l atively to the rigidly held die. so that a uniform space 'tor discharge ot material is maintained at each side ot the latter. n

The casing' P is shown as a sheet metal casing removably mounted on the trame A and 'enclosing the crushing parts and support Z. y ,A

In operation, when the ringis supported as shown, it will supportthe rolls` which will beV movable asa grouppassively to adapt themselves to the ring;` or the material therein, and individually movable radially to exert a crushing pressure. and. to equalize the crushing; pressureof each. The means pressing each roll 'outwardly will vreact against the others, andthe expansive means at eachside of the rolls will ensure a crushing pressure directly in the line of work. `rl`he balancingmeans extending` through the ring` from one side to the other ot the roll comprising the screw 'd in theconstruction shown will balance the load and relieve the parts of any uneven strains, apportionin the loadl uniformly over the bearingsurfaces and pivotal provisions.

The transmitters will float radially to equalize the thrustv members at the respective sides of the rolls,A and the adjusting screw and pressure springs will iioatfaxially to balance the load between the two sides of the rolls. The screw will act as an axial compression member, and also serve for adjustment to vary pressure or taire up wear, and for collapsing' the parts to permit removals.

The support Z and the entire internal mechanism can he bodily withdrawn from the ring' upon disconnecting' the internal cheek piece, whereupon` these parts can bA withdrawn forwardly by sliding' the support outwardly on the base, or they can be swung out of the die by swinging' the support on either of its attaching' bolts as pivot. The ringcan then be dis nnected from the spider and another placed there n.

lf preferred the support Z and the internalparts may remain stationary, and the ring and spider may be removed by sliding; these and their supports E rearwardly upon releasingv them from the base, y

lt will be understood that my invention is not limited to the particular details of construction, arrangement and combination of parts, set forth and shown as constituting its preferred form, nor to the particular type of machine to which it is shown as applied, since my improvements can be availed of in whole or in part in connection with such types of machines or according to such modifications or'adaptations, as circumstances or the judgment of those skilled in the art may dictate, without departing' from the spirit of the invention.

The support Z has a bifurcated portion comprising' rearward feet straddlinej the ring' as shown in Fig. 3 and projecting rearwardly beyond the center of gravity of the weight it carries and traversed by its' pivotal bolts T, and the support l has a bifurcated portion comprising forwardly projecting feet V meeting the feet U and forming with them the upper part of the outlet a as best seen in Fig. l.

l do notA claim herein the improvements claimed in my companion applications Number 158,824 filed March 3l, 11.91"?, ane Number 158,823 filed March 8l, 19M".

What l claim is :e

l. In combination, an annular crushing;- die revolving iny an approximately vertical plane on a fixed axis and lia-ving an internal crushing face, a movable and rotatablev crushing roll within and eccentric of said die and having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the inner face of said die, means for revolving one of said parts, a

connection between said non-rotative meansr and said supporting means axially parallel with the airis of said die.

Q .ln combination, an annular crushingv die having; an internal crushing; face, a mova ble and rotatable crushing -roll within and eccentric to said die and having` a crushing face reciprocal to that of the latter, means for revolving one of said parts, a framev for supporting said parts comprising al supporting' member at the side of said die, and a movable carrier on which said roll is rotatably nounted comprising an arm at the tion extending through said die and movably mounted on saidmember at the inner side thereof, and a separable portion at the outer side of said member. movably mounted thereon and separably connected to said inner portion of said carrier.

3. ln combination, an annular crushing die revolving in an approximately vertical plane and having an internal crushing face, a rotatable crushing' roll within and eccentric of said die and having a peripheral crushfrece reciprocal to the inner face of said die, means for revolving one ofsaid parts, means aifording` a base for said parts affording' an outlet aperture below said die, and a non-rotative support for said roll mounted exteriorly of and below said die and having a portion extending past one side of said die on which said roll is rotatably sustained and having a. laterally proj ectingi` bifurcated portion below and extending' beneath the periphery of said die at each side of said outlet aperture for sustaining' said support from said base and affording,` an openingy below said die to said aperture.

el. ln combination, an annular crushing' die revolving on a fixed axis and having an intei'nal crushing face, a movable and rotatable crushing' roll within and eccentric to said die and having a crushing face reciprocal to that of the latter, means for revolving' one ot said parts, a revolvingmember connccted to one side of said die, frame for said parts comprising;` a supporting portion at the otherside of said die, non-rotary cheek pieces mounted at the inner and outer sides of said. die and between which said die rotates, and a support for the inner one of said cheek pieces extending through said die.

5. ln combination, kan annular crushing inner side of said roll having a rigid poraarts non-rotative ii'iovahle means on which y said roll -is rotatably mounted, and axially obliquely outwardly inclined holding means inwardly of the ai'is of said roll arl opposite and acting ra'lially and oblqu ly out-- wai-diy against said non-rotative means to hold said roll outwardly toward the inner face of said die to resist a crushing pressure therefrom.

6. ln combination, annular ci ushing die revolving in an approxi mately vertical plane and having an internal crushing face, a mov alle and rotatable crushing roll within and eccentric of said die and having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the inner face f said die, means for revolving one of said parts, means for supporting said parts, nonrotative movable means on which said'roll is rotatably mounted, axially obliquely outwai-ally inclined holding means inwardly of the axis of said roll and opposite acting radially and obliquely outwardly against said nonrotative means to hold said roll outwardly toward the inner face of said die to resist a crushing pressure therefrom, and transversely movable sustaining` means movable transversely of the direction of stress of said holding means `for varying the inclination thereof.

7. In combination, an annular crushing` die revolving in an approximately vertical plane and having an internal crushing` face, a movable and rotatable crushing roll within and eccentric of said die'and having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the inner face roi" said die, means for revolving` one of said parts, means for supporting said parts, nonrotative movable means on which said roll is rotatably mounted, axially obliquely outwardly inclined holding means inwardly of the axis of said roll and opposite and acting radially and obliquely outwardly against said non-rotative means to hold said roll outwardly toward the inner face of said die to resist a crushing pressure therefrom, and ially movable sustaining means movable axially of said die and sustaining said holding means for varying the inclination thereof.

8. In combination, an annular crushing die revolving' in an approximately vertical plane and having an internal crushing face, a` movable and rotatable crushing roll within and eccentric of said die and having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the inner face of said die, means for revolving one of said parts., means for supporting said parts, non-rotative movable means on which said roll is rotatably mounted, and axially obi-V lioluely outwardly inclined pressing means inwardly of the axis of said roll andopposite and acting radially and obliquely outwardly against said non-rotative means for messing- 'said roll outwardly toward the inner face of said die to resist a crushing pressure therefrom, and means for radially adjusting said pressing means.

9. ln combination, an annular crushing die revolving in an approximately vertical plane and havingan internal crushing face. movable and rotatable crushing roli withN in and eccentric of said die and having a peripheral 'crushing face reciprocal to the inner face of said oie, means for revolving one of said parts, means for supporting said parts, non-rotative movable means on which said roll is rotatably mounted, axially obliquely outwardly inclined holding means inwardly of the axis of said roll and opposite and acting radiallj7 and obliquely outwardly said non-rotative means to hold said against roll outwardly toward the inner face of said die to vresist a crushing` pressure therefrom.l and axially movable obliquely adjusting sustaining means movable axially of said die and sustaining said holding means for vary'` ing the inclination thereof.

10. ln combination, an annular crushinn` die revolving in an approximately vertical plane and having an internal crushing face, a movable androtatable crushing roll within and eccentric of said die and having` `a peripheral crushing` face reciprocal to the Vinner face of said die, means for revolving one of said parts, non-rotative movable means on Awhich said roll is rotatably mounted, oppositelyobliquely outwardly inclined holding means inwardly of the axis of said roll and opposite and acting obliquely ra` dially outwardly toward lsaid non-rotative means to hold said roll outwardly toward the inner face of said die to resist a. crushing pressure therefrom, and means between and connecting and mutually sustaining said holding` means from one another.

l1. In combination, an annular crushing die revolving on a fixed axis and having an internal crushing face, three or more rotatable crushing rolls within and eccentric to said die and each having a crushing face reciprocal to that of the latter, means for revolving one of saidparts, movable carriers on which said rolls are rotatably mounted respectively, and means obliquely outwardly reversely inclined pressing approximately vradially outwardly toward said carriers intermediate thereof and reacting y axially againsteach other to hold said rolls outwardly to resist a crushing pressure from the inner face of said die.

12.' ln combination, an annular crushing die revolving` ona fixed axis and havingan internal crushing face, three or more rolili;

tatable crushing rolls .within and eccentric to said die and each having a crushing tace reciprocal to that of the latter, means tor revolving one of said parts, movable means on which said rolls are mounted respectively, and inclined means'intermediate ot', normally inclined axially inwardly trom, and adapted to react obliquely outwardly toward said carriers for holding said rolls outwardly to resist a crushing` pressure from the inner tace ot said die.

13. ln combination, an annular crushing`A die revolving in an approximately vertical plane and having an internal crushing face, a movable and rotatable crushing roll within and eccentric ot said die and having a peripheral crushing` lace reciprocal to the inner tace of said die, means tor revolving one of said parts, non-rotative movable means on which said roll is rotatably mounted, oppositely obliquely outwardly mutually sustaining inclined, holding means inwardly ot the axis of said roll and oppositek and adapted to react obliquely radially outwardly towardsaid non-rotative means to hold said. roll outwardly toward the inner tace otsaiddie to resist a crushinglpressure therefrom, and adjusting means tor adjusting said holding means fromA one another.

la. ln combination, an annulary crushing die revolving` on a iixed axis and having an internal crushing face, two or more movable and rotatable crushing rolls within and eccentric to said die and each having a crushing tace reciprocal to that ot the latter, meansl for revolving one ot said parts, movable carriers on which said rolls are rotatably mounted respectively, expansively acting mean-sintermediate of said carriers, and axially movable means intermediate of said expansively acting means for receiving and Lafraise transmitting the reaction ol each to the other. y

l5. ln combination, an annular crushing die revolving on a i'ixed axis and having an internal crushing face', a movable and rotatable crushing roll within and eccentric to said die and having` a crushing tace `reciprocal to that of the latter, mea-ns for revolving one of said parts, movable means on which said roll is rotatably mounted, and

axially and inwardly collapsible means at ed, oppositely obliquely outwardly inclined holding means inwardly of the axis of said roll and opposite and adapted to act obliquely radially outwardly toward said non-rotative means to hold said roll outwardly toward the inner face of said die to resist a crushing pressure therefrom, and

thrust means intermediate of said holding means and transmitting the stress of one to another. y ln witness whereot, I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses. y y

GEORGE H. FRASER. `Witnesses. i

` Crans. E. DoNNnLLY, AN'roNro BUoNo.

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