US1339824A - Telegraph system - Google Patents

Description

H. A. HEISING.

TELEGRAPH SYSTEM.

APPLlcAnoN FILED MA1/12.1915.

Patented May 11,1920.

/nVe/v/o/f.' Raymond /4/7'e/s/'Hq by sTA'rEsPATEu'r OFFICE. i

RAYMOND iA. HEISING,`OF EAST ORANGE, NEWJERSEY, ASSIGNOB, BY MEBNE ASSIGN- MENTS, T0 WESTERN ELECTRIC COMPANY, INCORPORATED, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

TELEGRAPH SYSTEM.

Specification of Letterllatent. Pate-nteld May 11,1920;

application nica my 12, 1915. serial no. 27,527.

East Orange, in the county of Essex'and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Telegraph Systems,`of which the following is a full, clear, concise, and exact description.

This invention relates to telegraph systems and its principal object is to provide an improved method and apparatus for the transmission of intelligence.

In accordance with its general characteristics the invention contemplates a transmitting device selectably and simultaneously imparting to a transmission line combinations of electric currents of different and predetermined frequencies and a receiving device controlled b the currents so iinparted. More speci cally, the receiving device comprises a number of electro-frequency selecting systems or inductance and capacity networks, commonly called filters, responsive only to currents of frequencies within predetermined limits, converting systems for providing unidirectional currents in place of the alternating currents separated out by the respective lters and an electromagnetic selecting mechanism controlled by currents systems.

The above and other objects of this invention will be fully set forth in the following description and claim, and'will be more readily understood by reference to the accompanying drawing wherein Figure 1 shows tlie circuit connections of the preferred embodiment diagrammatically, and Fig. 2 shows one method of duplexing.

The multi-frequency transmitter for selectably impressing .upon a transmission line 100, various combinations of electric currents, comprises a plurality of controller switches 101, 102, 103, 104 and 105, which are composed of a movable and two fixed contacts. Normally all of the movable contacts are in engagement with the lower fixed contacts. Each of these switches is adapted, when its movable contact is brought into engagement with its upper fixed contact, to connect one of a plurality of current generators 111, 112, 113, 114: and 115 vto the transmission line. The generators'may be continuously driven ata constant speed, and are so constructed.- and arranged that each from the converting may impress upon the line currents of differentl frequencies within predetermined limits, and preferably of sine wave form, upon the operation of its corresponding switch 101 to 105 inclusive. The operation of various combinations of the switches will cause the simultaneous transmission of various combinations of superimposed currents of various frequencies which may be utilized to selectively control the operation of a receiver at a distant station.

The controller switches 101 to 105I inclusive may be selectively actuated by any of the usual means, such, for example, as the well-known keyboard machines wherein character controlling keys are arranged in the form of an ordinary' typewriter keyboard, or automatic devices whose operations are controlled by a perforated paper tape or the like.

At the receiving station where the various combinationsof superimposed currents are to be translated into desired mechanical ef. fects, such as the production of printed characters, there are located a number of frequency selecting systems or electro-filtering devices 121, 122, 123, 124 and 125, there being one such filter for a given range of frequencies. Each of these filters is associated with the transmission line through a suitable transformer 126 and comprises a suitableinductance 128 and a capacity 129. The inductance and capacity are so proportioned, in accordance with the well-known laws of alternating'current phenomena, as to respond readily to currents of particular frequencies, nance frequencies, being, however, substantially unresponsive to currents of all other frequencies outside of desired or fixed limits. In the embodiment of the invention shown, it will be assumed that filter 121 responds only to the impulses of generator commonly known as the reso-l wherein the audion comprises a cathode 136,

and anode 137 and an input electrode 138. Each of the vfilters 121 to 125 inclusive is therefore, associated with and may control the actin of an intermediate relay '141, 142, 143, 144 iind 145, respectively, whose armatures are associated'with front contacts conv whereupon a unidirectional current is produced. Each of relays 141 to 145 inclusive is operated by this unidirectional current supplied when its audion becomes active and causes the energization of a correspondlng selector relay 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, of a selecting mechanism, whlch are provided with armatures and circuit connections such that, by causing their energizatioii in various combinations, any 011ev of lailurality of type magnets may be energize this arrangement, relay 1 is provided with two armatures 11 and 12; relay 2 with three armatures 21, 22 and 23; relay 3 has five armatures 31 to 35 inclusive; while relay 4 A hasl eight armatures 41 to 48 inclusive; and

rela 5 has eleven armatures 51 vto 61 inelusive. By the addition of other armatures and contacts the possible number` of selections may be increased.. The ty e 'magnets are designated by the' letters 'ofp the alphabet whose production they control, and may be associated with and lcause the depression of thecharacter keys of an ordinary typewriter, or may be arranged about the shaft of a rotatable type wheel to arrest it in the desired position in a manner similar to that disclosed in Patent 1,107,336, patented August 18, 1914.

vA sucient understanding of the operation of the system will be obtained from a description of the selection of a few particular characters. In order to selectv character A,

switch 101 only of the transmitter is operated, which causes current of the frequenc determined by generator 1 11 to traverse t e transmission line. 'As hereinbeforev 1 mentioned, current of this frequency is incapable of influencing any of the filters of the receiver, except iilter'121, which, through the agency of audion 135, causes the operative energization of intermediate relay 141. This relay pulls up its armature and. completes a circuit from grounded source 146 through selector relay 1, which pulls up its armatures -11 and 1'2. Armature 11 completes a circuit/from the negativepole of a Y source of energy 150 through conductor 151,

la S1152, 153, 154 an winding of type magnet A, back contacts and armatures of a 155 to the other pole o source 150. Armature 12 does not com- In accordance with` contacts and armatures of cut-o plurality of cut-oil rel plete any circuit since al1 of the circuits conl responsive action in none of the filters at the receiving station, except 121 and 124,

through Whose associated audions 135 inter.

mediate rela s 141 and 144 are operatively energized. `he attraction of the 'armatures of relays 141 and 144 completes circuits from grounded source 146 through the corresponding selector relays 1 andv4 which pull up their armatures 11'-12 and 41 to 48.

Armatures 12 and 44 complete acircuit from the negative pole of source 150 through conductor 160, winding of type magnet H, winding of cut-off rela 152, back contacts and armaturesof cut- o relays 153, 154 and 155 to the opposite terminal of source 150. Armature' 11 completes the previously traced 'circuit through ty e magnet A to the back contact of cut-o5 relay 152, and

armature 41 completes a circuit from source 150 through con uctor 161 and the winding of type magnet D also to the back contact of this relay. Cutoff relay 152, however, is receiving current from the previously traced -circuit through type magnet H, and since it is more rapid in its operation than any of the type magnets, the circuits throu htype magnets-A and D are opened at t ey armature of this relaybefore they are sufciently energizedv to cause them to perform their functions. Rela H therefore'alone is energized, since a stud7 of the drawing will show that none of the other armatures of relay 4 complete energizing circuits, and character H will be reproduced by the printing mechanism.

The operation of switch 105 alone causes thetransmission of a current of a frequency to cause the operation of selector relay .5,

which ulls up its armatures 51 to 61 inclusive. he only armature which completes a circuit is armature 51, which establishes a circuit fromsource 150 through vconductor 162 and type magnet E, through the back relays 152, 153, 154 and 155 to the other pole of source v150, which results in the energization of type magnet E and the production of this character.

The operation of any three o f the switches 101 to 105 inclusive will result in the energi zation vof a combination of ,three of the selector relays 1 to 5 inclusive with the resultant attraction of their armatures. Because,-however, of the fact that 'some of the circuits partly prepared by these attracted armatures are open at the armatures of some of the other selector relays, or are opened before `the type magnets therein can be energized because of the more rapid operation of the cut-off relays 152 to 155 inclusive, only one type magnet will be energized suiliciently to cause it to effect the printing of its corresponding character. For convenience in determining the combinations of impulses required to select any particular type magnet, these magnets have been arranged in groups, according to the number of impulses re uired to select any type magnet therein. hus the first group is made up of type magnets A to E inclusive, which are selected by one frequency currents; the second group comprising magnets F to O inclusive are selected by two frequency currents; type magnets P to U inclusive require three frequencies for their selection, while type magnets V, W and X require four frequencies and type magnet Y requires tive.

It will thus be apparent that by selectively closing switches 101 to 105 inclusive in various combinations, resulting in the energization of the corresponding selector relays 1 to 5 inclusive, any of the type magnets may be energized to cause the production of the corresponding type.

This system may be duplexed in the ordinary manner by connecting the apparatus at each end in accordance with Fig. 2. The transmitter is connected by conductor 158 to the midpoint of an inductive resistance 157, one terminal of which is connected to an artificial line AL, the other terminal being connected to line 100. The transformers 126 will be joined between the terminals of resistance 157 as indicated.

With this system, two messages may be simultaneously transmitted and received at opposite ends of the line without duplexing by associating with the transmission line at the stationI where the switches 101 to 105 are located a set of frequency selecting systems similar to filters 121 to 125 inclusive, whose induction and capacity are so -proportioned that they are unresponsive to any of the currents controlled byy generators 111 to 115 inclusive. These filters may, through the agency of suitable converting systems and electro-responsive devices, control the actuation of selecting mechanism such as that already described. At the receiving station where filters 121 to 125 inclusive are located, the transmission line would be associated with a suitable transmitter provided apparatus for transmitting and responsivev to different sets of frequencies at either or each end of the line whereby two or more sets of signals may be simultaneouslyworked in the same direction.

The invention claimed is:

A system of communication comprising in combination with a line conductor, a plurality of constantly operating alternating current generators, each generator adapted to produce a frequency or range of frequencies different from that produced by any of the other generators, means for connecting said generators to said line in characteristic combinations, depending upon the signal to be transmitted, a receiving system connected to said conductor comprising a plurality of selective networks, each network having ca pacity and inductance so adjusted as to permit the passage of the current frequencies transmitted by a corresponding one of said generators, but to offer a substantial limiting impedance to currents, of other frequencies, a vacuum tube rectifier individual to each of said networks having its input circuit connected to said network, an electromagnetic operation-controlling device in the output circuit of each of said amplifiers, and

a printer selecting mechanism under the joint control of said operation-controlling devices.

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this 11th da of MayA. D. 1915.

RAYM ND A. EISING.

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