US1315295A - Firearm. - Google Patents

Description

W. D. FORBES.

FIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 23. 1916- RENEWED JULY 22.1919.

Patented Sept. 9; 1919.

'4 sun's-sun 1 W. D. FORBES.

FIREARM.

APPLICATION man MAR. 23. 1916. RENEWED JULY 22.1919. 1,315,295.

Patented Sept. 9, 1919.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Memes W. D. FORBES.

FIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED ha. 23, 1916. RENEWED JULY 22. I919.

Patented Sept. 9, 1919.

'4 8HEETS-SHEET 3- m rum-Mm I'LANOGRAPII Cm, WASHINGTON, n. C.

W. D. FORBES.

FIREARM.

APPLlCATlON FILED MAR. 23, m6. RENEWED JULY 22.1919.

1,315,295. PatentedSept. 9,1919.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4- 'wr'rlilmivi n. ORBE$0FNEW LONDON, commonest.

FIREARM.

Specification of Lettrsratenfi "Application filed Marches, 1916, Seria1No.86,'072. Renewed Jiily 22; 1919. SerialNo312,575r

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, WVILLIAM D. FORBES,

' a citizen OfilllG United States, residing in New London, in the county of New London and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Fire-:

arms, of which the following is a speeifica- 1 tion. 1

This invention relates more especially to that class of breech-loading firearms which are known as bolt-guns, and a'principal object isto furnish a breech-loader having'an improvedbolt-mechanism especially adapted for use. in military and other rifles using relatively long and high-power cartridges. Accordingly, and to facilitate the illustration thereof, the present improvements are shown in the accompanying drawings as be I ing applied to a"shoulder-arm of a wellknown type. j H v In'the drawings,Figure1 is a plan View as seen from above in Fig. 2, of the midlength portionof a firearm made in accordance with my present improvements.

and as seen from below in Fig. 1, certain F ig. 2 is a side view, on thesame scale as,

' portions being in section.

as a hand-load ng firearm.

Fig. 3"is an end elevation of Fig.2. Fig. 4:1is'a side elevation, partly in section, showing the parts" in semi-operative position Fig. 5is aside-elevation in section taken on line 55 of Fig. 1,'of' a magazine firearm in inoperative position after beingfired.

Fig. 6 is the same elevation, showing the 7 bolt in retracted position and ejecting a cartridge.

Fig. '1' is thesaine elevation, showing the bolt after loadin a cartrid e and the firin b a g a member setrea'dy for firing.

Fig. 8 is a top plan of the assembled bolt mechanism. 1

Fig. 9 is an end elevation of the same, and looking from the forward end.

' Fig-J10 is an under plan view of the bolt,

partly in section.

firing member.

'Figflle' is a side elevation, partly. in-section, showing the firingdevice ina cocked.

position.

Fig. is atransverse section of same on line 15154of.Fig. 14. x i F ig'; 16 is a View of the firingdevice and the sear in a lockedor safety position. 7

Fig. 17 is a transverse section line'17-. l7 of Fig.- 16.

Patented s'e'pt. Q, EH9

r to of same on Fig. 18 is a sectional elevation'of certain parts taken on line l8'l8.o-f Figs. and 14, respectively.

operative view Fig. 19 is a diagrammatic of the bolt extracting a cartridge, andFig:

20 is a diagrammaticoperative View, show-f ing the'coaction of the sear-face with the bolt. v f

The usual barrel, B, is shown mountedon a stockE, and in practicewill be. provided withgthe usual rear and front sights," at 6 the latterfnot shown. The stock is' prefen' ablymade of wood, and itmay beefsuchsuitable or usual proportions asmaybe' clesired; hence inall the-figures, the rearward end or butt of the stockis not'shownr The rearward end of the barrel B- is shown provided'with a screw thread at 6 whereby to secure the barrel in a well-known manner to a. tubular, 0r, hollow, receiver which is herein designated in a generalwav by C, and extends rearwardlyrfrom'the'barrel and above the stock, E. Below the stock E, is located a trigger-guard; or guardplate, F, which may bereinovablyheld in place by some suitable screws, as 7", ext emt ing through the guard and stock, and

threaded into the receiver," preferably in about the manner indicated, for instance,'in'

7. I V The gnard-plateF is shown provided with a mortise or slotyf for the trigger g and with the usual bow or depending. guard, F, for the lower end 9 ofthe trigger which is pivoted to thesear at g. Forwardof the guard f the plate F is shownbroadeiied and formed for receiving through a mortise therein, as 6 the box or casingyas of a cartridge magazineH, (see Figs. & to 7 The sear-member, G, is shown" pi'vota'lly supported at 9 in a projecting part 0 of the frame, and is operable by any suitable trigger device; these two elements 'I'designate as the trigger-Seardevice.

In my pre'sent improvements,as in bolt- 3 guns generally,'the movements of the tubu-.

lar breech-bolt D in the receiver 0, com--..

I prise the usuallongstroke retractive movement rearwardly from the firing position, as shown by comparison of Figs. 6,7, and an; oscillating; movement when in the forward f position, as shown by comparison ofi'the sec tional views, Figsf6, 7 and 15'; ,To provide for these boltmovements, the receiver C'is shown formed with the arm-slot c in; the.

' upper part thereof, and with the "lateral re gaging the'bolt-lugs'd", withand-fromthef receiver,- in aliwell-knOwxi mannen-The w I shank portion d of the bolt-operating cess or space at the forward end ofj'saidf slot or guide-way, for permitting the rotation of the bolt when in forward position,

(Fig. 2), for thereby engaging and odisenhandle d gisgfiaeato move freely within said slot, c" andrecess 0 while the rearward; stroke'of the'bolt is limited by the remor-V' o ablestroke l-imiting stop devise-K;,wh en this sideof the receiverhas a counterpart in'the' 5 similarly shapedlpath-way "d in the lower side of the. breech-bolt; this "slotand'-'recess the-bolt-guiding handleFarm-d is, shown at stopis removed, the bolt"-D*may:be withdrawn rearwardlyout of the-receiver: Thus" the stop K {is an assembling device,' in addition to being a stroke-changing device as elsewhere herein more fully explained; V

The' formofreceiver or frame shown in the drawings is of the usual tubularf-kind in that 1 it has V a central openingthe entire qlengthqthereof, so vthat the breech bolt, onthe stroke-limiting stop beingremovejd'fmay be withdrawn from the 'receiver through-the rearward endofthat central opening; The slot-and recessguide-way 63in the-upper se'ar point path-way, however, is arranged in themechanism in a reverse'manner' as to tending toward a. the right hand is; v circumferentiallyopposite,- relatively to; both the breech-boltahd the receiver, of the recess cl which, being "below the bolt, also extends to- War'djthe right-handras would Joe seen in a plan view. This feature and arrangement is illustrated inthe diagram Fig. 20, where I the forward end of the receiver guide-way c while the sear-point g is shown in a corresponding position at the rearward end of the) path-way slot (5 and in interlocking engagementwith a safety-face or rim (1 In the presentinstance, I haveshown the bolt-strokelimiting stop K projecting from an arc-shaped member which is applied f Fig. 4. E In practice, said stopinemben 6};

l stru c tion, V and" may be provided withjanya 7 line t gof'th'e extractor d F'is thuslin an iIi-i i the pivot 03 and {intersects athe line i of v indicated' by arrow r Fig -l;9) andso that 1 a fixedpoint in the 'retractive stroke of the breech-bolt. f

ceiver, G,--andi s shiftable fro aninefiectixie, P sit n, 1 o t ten i Posi io may have any suitable and; convenient "cjon suitable :retaining' means, ;preferf;to*"' .hold themember/la in place by means 'of, a "some simple :form of, boltorscreM asW,

p s n through a s t; c 7 g-5 27- h whole {stop-device being so arranged that it may be'readilyxpushed. into oneposition-or if the other, as" from Fig'gQi to Fig. ,6, .or'vice," r

' Thus the stroke limiting device may be: considered as comprising afls hiftable stopg 7 member, as K, i'and aficoaetingreeess' "jalld stop -face, as d? and d, (Figsg and'6)' ap: j purtenant to'the'breech-b'oltb ;In-Fig. t;-the' V recess (Z 7 is shown somewhat vwider than the} stop-endrlcflito provideforafsmalljamount of -:rotative movement bf the breech-bolt- D T without thereby interfering with the Proper p v action of the stop-device;Thisifeature is coeperative' in some respects. with afrota tion-limiting meansor device by which the rotative or oscillating: movement- 0f 3 the, E breech-bolt is or may Vbei'restrieted at cer; tain times, in a manner} and for-,purpos es elsewhere herein more fully explained; T1}:

Whilefbei'ng retractedfgthef shell rests against thebolt-face at 01. 9, and" the tension clined direction from, the hook-faceld fto thrust of the ejector pin d -E se that the fo ward pressure of the fili iig-ispring d a ing through; the, pin d "tends to draw" the hook 01 inwardly toward the; firing pin; as

the reduced forward end of the 'shelhQas at. V 7 j Fig. 19, is swungupwardlyfagainst':the] barrel, and, on'fully emerging, (see dottedfl position t?) is 1 quicklyfgforced" out, 7' or. ejected.v V In, this manner, thejshell during the extractionstroke thereof, is under a cons V tinued spring action whichbecomes efiectivef instantly on the shellientirely; leaving the ,bore, 'whatever the lengthjiofthe she'llv may be; also), on a m'is-fire' occuring, the ejecting operationtakesrplace at a relatively later :mom'ent, owing to the extension "ofthe {pro-C I j ectile forwardly. from the shell," Thus the timing of the'ejeoting ct is dependent on the, v '1 I article. which is being extracted, rathertha'n V V uponan ejector means which is op erativeil i 20 The magazine as "regardsthe holding fjoff. i the pp w tr ge, m yfb firrans b in various ways. in accordance is with 10011 1125 structions already known *in the priorart. 'r ccordingto. one of these arrangements (not shown) "which is .well known con? irection with the so called Springfield rifle, the magazine is provided with lips or ribs whereby the uppermost cartridge will i beheld down to the position of the cartridge J as shown in Fig. 6; in this position, the bolt-D when moving forward takes against the upper part of the cartridge head and so drives the cartridge forwardly and thus loads the cartridge into the barrel.

- Another arrangement of the magazine may be used in which said side ribs or stops are omitted so that when the bolt is in its fully retracted position, as shown in Fig. 6,

the head of .the uppermost cartridge will come up below the protruding firing-pin after the manner which will be evident from Fig. 6.

The tubular bolt not only carries therein the firing member, as al but has formed in the lower side thereof, a long slot d,-

which has therein a lateral recess (Z (Fig. 10), which corresponds with said receiver slot 0 and recess 0 Theibolt-slot (1 forms 7 and serves as a path in which the sear-point stands (or moves relatively to the bolt) during the forward and rearward strokes of the bolt relatively to the receiver. When the bolt is rotated to lock it in firing posi tion, the handle-arm d moves into the receiver-recess 0 while the bolt-recess is moved relatively to the sear-point, which point during such movement lies abovethe safetyface or rim (1 The sear is shown operably-supported by a pivotal connection with the frame and in a position for the firing-pin-engaging end thereof to coact with the centrally-located firing-pin.

\The slidable l and oscillatable breech-bolt has centrally therein a firingpin, and in the lower side thereof has slotand-recess path-way for the pin-engaging end of the sear, and also has a sear-blocking means, such as a safetyface or the like, 10-

cated on the rearward side of said pathway recess and in position for coacting with the sear when the breech-bolt is advanced to forward position relatively to the barrel; and the mechanism comprises means operable on the oscillation of the breech-bolt in one direction, to lock this bolt in firing 'position and then withdraw or retract said sear-blocking means to an ineffective position, and thereby permit the retraction of the sear from the firing-pin.

During the forward loading-stroke of the hollow breech-bolt .D, (as from position retracted and firing position while the bolt.

itself (Fig. 7 goes to the forward position,

and then is turned to the firing position 5 thereof. At this time the safety-face (Z (Figs. 7, 16) is brought directly under, and into the path of movement of, the sear-point g and thereby positively prevents the said sear-face g from being disengaged from the firing device al This safety position will now continue until after the rotation of the breech-bolt has brought the locking-lugs d cl, thereof into a full engagement with the coacting abutment faces, as 0 0 of the frame or receiver,see Figs. 5, 6, 7. If, now, said rotation of the bolt D shall be great enough, as from position Fig. 6 to position Fig. 7, said safety-rim or face (Z .will be withdrawn from under the searso point, and a space, as (Figs. 7,'1 l and 20), will be brought into position directly below the sear-point, so that the sear may now be retracted (downwardly) by the trigger 9?, (Fig. let), and thus release the firlng-pln or hammer al and so fire the charge,see Fig. 5. Thus the unblocking of the sear as effected by the said rotation of the breech-bolt, only permits the retraction of the sear from the firing-pin after the locking of the breech-bolt in firing position.

When the bolt-mechanism is organized in the manner herein described, 7 the firing member or hammer d is arranged to also serve as one element of the shell-ejecting means. The main-spring (Z is shown removably inclosed within the bolt ina conventional manner.

ing such that in the fully opened position of the mechanism, (Fig. 6), the firing-point projects through the hole (Z and forward of the bolt-face (Z (Fig. 19), far enough to eject'the shell, as at't by the aid of the extractor hook (Z In practice, this'ej'ec tion is'preferably completed somewhat before the bolt D reaches its extreme rearward position, so that when the stroke'limiting stop K is in operation, the shell will be 1W properly thrown out before this reduced retractive stroke of the breech-bolt is entirely completed. \Vhen thus arranged. and the boltD is fully-retracted as in Fig. the

combined firing and ejecting point (Z protrudes so far forward of the boltface (1 that the uppermost cartridge, as j Fig. 6.+ when moving upwardly from the magazine, will engage under said firing-pin point 0 and thereby (for the moment) stop the up ward movement of the magazine-supply of cartridges until the bolt in moving forward a short distance shallhave brought the forward endv thereof above the cartridge next below, and thereby safeguard the action of mechanism during the loadingein operation. Thusthe firing-member 6Z maybe arranged for coacting in three separate ways wlth Thus the whole length of the said firing-pin member is shown as be- 1 00 Tie . other parts of the mechanism,-i. 0., as a e forward .endfof the bolt, as atri Fig. 4,

firing-pimas an ejector, as a cartridge-stop.

To provide for han'c'l-loading,,a strokelimiting, orv stroke-changing, means 1531p? plied to the mechanism,-; n somefconvene ient location,wherebytoprevent the full 1 retraction ofthe bolt D, and thus leave the projecting. forwardly above the uppermost cartridge J in the magazine,and thus form: ing a stop'device for preventing the ega, zine-spring 7L2 from pushing the follovver' or, elevator h} upwardly Within the magazine casing or chamber c Apreferred arrangef ment of such a stroke-limiter is illustrated '.inc letail in 1 ig s. 2 to 6, wherethe bolt- 5 guiding collard? isshoivn provided With I 7 an opening or recess 5 "arranged for coacting {with the" forvvardly-proj ecting end it? of the shiftable stop k; 1 When the bolt D is retractedgsaid recess (Z? stands in'so'me' one given position circumferentiallyof the bolt axis-and with relation to the receiver (Land-1' hence when the stopK is set in a correj ,sponding circumferential position 6),

the stop-end k tvill enter said recess and so permit the breech-bolt D {(Fig. 6:) to ,be, fully retracted. and thereby withdraw the for- Ward end d of the bolt D (Fig.;. 6): from '7 above the upper cartridge J ,Whichfis there upon p'ushedup into position for engaging forwardofthe bolt-faced and for'being.

7 thereby loaded into the barrel (Fig; 7])"0n:

the next forward stroke of the breech bolt to firing position.

7 Since it is often desirable or necessary to "load the firearm, and to thenhold the firing pin in safety position for an, indefinite 4 period, means may be provided for acco'ml 'plishing this object by limiting the described i' rotation of the breech bolt toward .firing position, and thereby prevent a complete Withdrawal of thesafety-rim or stop (Z 'from under the sear-point. 9 For this'purpose, Ihave provided a' stop-device 'in'ithe nature of a rotation-limiter, whereby to sear.

suitably limit the rotation of the bolt 1D and said 'rim or face (Z thereofrelatively to the; One form of stop suitable for said purposes, consists of a "reciprocatably-supported blocking pieceflasc (Figs. 14' to 17). located in position for being slid under the bolt-arm (l and thus prevent saidv arm (Figs. 16'and 17) from being swung down to the firing position thereof. In the par ticular arrangement herein illustrated, the blocking-stop 0. consists of a small slide manually-operable for projecting the stopface 0 thereof under the bolt-arm 0?, (Figs. t

16 and 17 and for withdrawing said stop-' face to the ineffective, or non-safety posi-j tion,Figs. 14 and. 15. It Will, of course, be understood that even in the blocked safety position, (Fig. 16), the locking-lugs d", d,

'leeted forfillii fiiii ion} is thatthe reeeiveris longitudinal slot or pathway in the lower theirearend' aid r a" fi ti lierwa 1.-- f' bo ar l-fat engaged with the receiv y u 935. I. ace w s ely i e d he h eeeh-belt ret should cartridge be fil d accidentally or in a" manneri;

Of. nism'iii th.e, arrangemen hereof-herein seg capable, by ra IQIiIof a simple formfif being; ad ly m uf red teim e muih r l v cos a d hl lreduce t ther is fl l q 7 iosjs due to the'jbrea'l'zages in; hardening A" further feature of the ineohanisn irelates.to the. ui ancepf the bre ch-belt by e sat nose.,;in any 'jcase vvher' other guidingn'ieans may not "befprbvidedi th refor; E The lside ofthe bolt in which the nose of the sear 2 can travel not n1y, ;a110wgt1 sear jnose fto l move therein,.but also actsafterthe manner. Cr amy-way vvhic hesear'nosebecomes 'gi aflieyfv thus. guidingthelb oltj in I.itslfortv arcl motion and! preventinghtsi partial; rotation ilithekl eki gi ie th '.Tb' t r r ithe rear rthe rece've will beseen thatthe searfperf per rm thre tensi ns. 1 9 1 111: "gu ding tllebreech-bolt,

us 'descri ed invention, 5 -I A firearrmfthe Conn-Q w, afb rr h sop'e helframein position for ng-p -e ga-gi g e d. ere o'ic'oact cen ra ly-leaned firi g-pin, adewn:

and'foi'vvardly Cl'iliii jgfilcairi face 011* v g -piii engaging-end, a slilflable breech-bolt oscillatable about its; 116 longitudinal axis haying centrally thereina firing-p11 1d having in the loiver sidetl1ereoffa" slot}anf ,recess ipath way r01 5 thefiring pinfengaging'end of the sear, and Q g a' dovvnvvardlyand fortvardly inclining} searblool cing jsa fetyfface located on the'rearvvard: I I sidejofis d pathfvvay recess ofthe breech bolt; mi itpositior 'fforpoactifig with the g' I camface of said searwvhen the breech bolt is advanced to forvvard position -relatively to .1 20 lto insure the secure engagement of r i d S6811 i k L h Tpm l1 'In',a breech-lea ling;firearmfthe'oome b'ination 'f'of. a} frame, having longitudinally therein. bre ch-bolt chamber; a"barre1', "a,

searIoperablysupported l in the frame below 7 thebreechabolt chamber andiin position for 7 ''ngin-engaging rearward end thereof to coact with a centrally-located firingspin,

V a downwardly and forwardly inclining cam face on the rear end of said firing-pin engagmg end, a breech-bolt slidable in said frame and oscillatable aboutits longitudinal axis and having centrally therein a firing-pin, and having in the lower side thereof a slotand-recess path-way'which (when the bolt is oscillated to retracting position) has the slot when the breech-bolt is advanced toforward rotatable through a locking strokevwhen ad-.

, breech-bolt and arranged for engagingand blocking the sear on t-he sliding of the breech-bolt to, forward position, and for un- V flocking the sear on the rotating of the position relatively to the barrel to insure the secure engagement of said sear with said 8. In a firearm mechanism, the combination of a frame, a barrel, a reciprocatable tubular breech-bolt slidablethrough a loading stroke when in one rotative position and vanced to forward position, a firing-pin reciprocatably-supported within the breechbolt, a sear having a (firing-.pin-engagi-ng face in vposition for engaging the firing-pin on the forward sliding stroke of the breechbolt,sear-blocln'ng means appurtenant to the breech-bolt to firing position, a 'handle on said breech-bolt, and means slidable into the V path of movement of said .handletoanchor said breech-bolt against rotation beyond said searblocking means.

4:. In a firearm mechanism, the combination of a tubular frame, a barrel, a recipro-j catable tubular breech-bolt slidable through a loading stroke when in one rotative position and rotatable through a locking stroke when advanced to forward position, a

spring-actuated firing-pin located and rota-v tably supported within the breech-bolt, a sear having a firing-pin-engaging face in position, for engaging the firing-pin on the forward sliding stroke of the breech-bolt,

and sear-blockingmeans in position and ar ranged for blocking the sear on the sliding of the breech-bolt to forward position, :and for unlockingthe sear ontherotating of the bree'chbolt to firing position, a handle on said-breech bolt, and means slidable into the path of movement of said handle to anchor said breech-bolt against rotation beyond said sear blocking means.

5., In a firearm mechanism, the combination of a frame, a barrel, a reciprocatabletnbular breech bolt having a shell-seat at the forward end thereof, a rim at said shell-seat partly broken away, a'combined ejector and firing pin member operably carried within the breech bolt,there being a hook-receiving opening in said rim opposite said broken away portion, and an extractor operably supported by a pivotal connection with the breech boltandhaving ahook extending beyond said shell-seat and registering in said shell-seat when the breech-bolt is fully retracted, a magazine and means therein for .elevatinga cartridge to engage the forward end 0f the breech-bolt below said projecting stop when the breech-bolt is in thefully retracted position thereof, means for operating the'breechboltand limiting the stroke thereof, and means operative during the forward movement of the breech-bolt'for retracting said firing-pin :and stop relatively to the breech-bolt. V

-7. In a' firearm mechanism, the combination of a frame, a barrel, a reciprocatable hollow breech-bolt having a shell-seat at the forward end thereof and provided withhan extractor, a comblned fir1ng p1n-and cartridge-stop carried within the breech-bolt and normally projecting forwardly ofjsaid shell-seat when :the breech-bolt is fully retracted, a magazine and means therein for elevating a cartridge to engage the forward end of the breech-bolt below said projecting stop when the breech-bolt is in the fully retracted position thereof, means for operating the breech-bolt and limiting the stroke thereof, and a sear-and-trigger device operative during the forward movementof the breech-bolt for retracting said firing-pin and stop relatively to the breech-bolt.

8. Ina firearm mechanism, the combination of a frame, a barrel, a reciprocatablehollow breech-bolt having a shell-seat at the forward end thereof and Provided with an extractor, a combined firing-pin and cartridge-stop carried within the breech-bolt .and normally projecting forwardly of said shell-seat when the breech-bolt is fully retracted, a magazine and means therein for elevating a cartridge to engage forward of the breech-bolt, below said projecting stop,

and arranged whenin one position'for permitting and when in the other position for preventing bolt. e V

, 9. In a firearm mechanism, the combination of a frame, a barrel, a reciprocatable hollow breech-bolt havinga shell-seat at the forward end thereof and provided with an extractor, a combined firing-pin and cartridgestop carried within the breech-bolt and normally projecting forwardly of said shellsea-t whenthebreech-bo-lt is fullyretracted,v

"a magazine and means or elevating a car- 'tridge' to engage. forward of the breechthereof, means for operating the breech'-bolt," "a sear-and-trigger device arranged and opbolt, below said projecting stop, when the breech-bolt isin the fully retracted position erable duringthe forward movement ofthe IOQ'In a" firearm mechanism, thecombina- Ltion 'ofa frame, abarrel, a reciprocatable breech-bolt provided with an extractor, a

.30 combined firing-pin and cartridge-stop' 'carbreech bolt for retracting saidffiring-pin'a'nd relatively' to the breech-bolt, and bolt- 1 stroke limiting means cooperative I as between the frame andbreech-bolt and settable' two positions. and arranged when in one position for permitting and when in' the other position for preventing the full retrac-f" tionof the breech-bolt.

fried Z within. the ibreech-boltand normally ji the forward movementof the breech-bolt for gprojectingforwardly of the breech-bolt when' 1 this holt; is fully; retracted, a'magazine and ineansfthereiii *forj 'elevating a" cartridge to J'en'ga''gef lfo'rward of thes breech-bolt below sa idprojecting stop when the breech-bolt is. "in the fully'retracted position thereof, means for operating the breech-bolt, a sear-andtrigger device arranged and operable during L retracting" said firing-pin and stop relatively to the breech-bolt, and a bolt-stroke-limiting device carried on the frame and settable in two positions and arranged, when in one pos tion, for permitting, and when inthe other position for preventingthe full retraction of the breech-bolt. 1

the breechbolt, and Jan vextractor'operably' AiItIi 'QQ m wa ter d a ie ';said extractor, being provided with a 'cylinv connected to said" breechbo1t at one side of dricalopening' coinciding in position with the. axia'l opening throughfwhich the firing pin must pass in the bolt and havinga hookk located g'miithe fother side of the said pin and in q e jat vere t q w t a d shell sea-an me ns ri tet a n s releasing and forwardly-actuating said ejector and firing.

the full retraction of thebreechfor a firing? pin" engaging end V thereof? t "coact'with a centrallyglocated firingpin, a:

V j V mechanism, the combina tion of a fr'ame,a barrel, a reciprocatable tubular breech bolt having a shellseat at the s forward end thereof, a combined ejector'and: 'ffiring pinmember openably carried within" pin member', the shell' seat andhook forming a rim partially broken'away to facilitate 1 c H ejection. ofwthe cartridge; 7

12. In a firearmmechanism, the'combina-g.

tion of a frame, a barrel, a reciprocatable 'hollow'breech-bolt, an extractor, a firing pin vq'arried within'the breech-bolt, a magazine, o 1 "and means for elevating a cartridge to en: 7

gage the forward eiidfof thebreech-bolt when the breech-bolt isin'thefully retract ed position, means foroperating the breech i 1 bolt, a 'sear and trigger-device arranged and,

OperableQduring the forward movement of f the -'breech-boltfor retracting said firing'pin;

relatively to the breeoh bolt; a bolt-stroke? limiting platehaving a receding abutment and an advance abutment mounted in said lframe to be' 'sli'dable in two positions, 'inoi e pqsit on to per sa c o t eli p ra i-Wi d re e ng". u e tia d 4 bolt and in the other position tofpe'rmit said: breech-bolt to cooperate with said'fadvance abutment and preventthefull; retraction off 1 Saidife htoit.

1,132 In a breech load ii'ig firearm, v the tm fbin-ationof va barrel, "a dufally constructed i frame," the forward member of whichflrefceivesthe barreland' supports the shock 1 3 the explosion of the cartridge 'whilethe rearwa rd portion acts as a guide and'V-r'e ceiveri forbolt and sear the latter being op erably supported; lin the frame. ,in pgsitijoi slidable' breech-5 bolt oscillatablefiabout; its longitudinal axis], andj 'having centrally" therein a'fii'lng' imand h y side thereofa slot and'fecess'for the firing; c end of the sear andfa removable stop' car I ried bytheyreceiveradjacentfits rearend,

said stop having: a receding abutriient and c an advance abutment, and mounted in' said receiver to be slidable in twopositions,in-

one position to permit said breech-bolt to cooperate with said receding abutment, and .permit"'the full retraction ofrsaid 'breech 1 bolt'andinthe other position to permit'said breech-bolt to cooperate withisaid'advance; abutment and prevent the full retraction of} 1 said breech-bolt, said stop removable for permittin-g'theslidable breechbolt'toibe enmay w thd aw m h ee i er-i; o 111"afbreech'loading firearni,the cjqm I T i ml fga barreLa dua1ly construted frame; theforward;memberof which re;

ceives the barrel and supports the'shockff" 7 of :thev'explosion of the cartridge while the rearward portion actsras a guide and r caveafor bolt andsear thela tter being oper p ably supported in 'theflframe 'in position @3125 es e th fi i a p n, ai pi r h i t t slldable breech bolt, and "a removable stop earned bythereeeiver' adjacent its rear-end}; j;

said stop havinga receding abutment and an advance abutment and mounted in Said receiver to be slid-able in two positions, in one position to permit said breech-bolt to cooperate with said receding abutment and permit the full retraction of said breechbolt and in the other position to permit said breech-bolt to cooperate With said advance abutment and prevent the full retraction of said breech-bolt, said stop removable for 10 permitting the slidable breech-bolt to be entirely Withdrawn from the receiver.

WILLIAM D. FORBES. WVitnesses:

HENRY ADAMS, RUTHL. FORBES.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents' each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. 0.

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