US1305209A - Artificial euel and pbocess of - Google Patents

Description

AnnAiws w. eounnmc,

ornrcn 0F TREN'I'ON, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO EDWARD 8. HEAD, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

ARTIFICIAL FUEL PROCESS OF, MAKING THE SAME.

No Drawing.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALBANUS W. Gourm- ING, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city of Trenton, county of Mercer, am State of New Jersey, have inventeda certain new. and useful Improvement in Artificial Fuel and Processes of Making the Same, of which the following is a specification.

There have been many efforts on the part of ,inventors to produce a satisfactory artificial fuel by combining comminuted coal, either anthracite or bituminous, coke braize, etc., with a suitable binder. Up to the resent time, as far as I am aware, these e orts for one reason or another have not proved successful. Certain of the artificial fuels heretofore produced have been objectionable for the reason that too great a volume or amount of smoke was produced upon the burnin of the same. In certain other cases the fue while burning has not held together properly but has fallen apart and, as it were,

disintegrated.

There is the further objection especially important at the present time, that a large investment in plant and machinery is required to produce briquets.

The most available binder for artificial fuel-is sulfite pitch, a by-product of the sulfite wood-pulp process of paper making. This is a heavy viscous substance, weighing about eleven pounds to the gallon, and of great binding power. It is also, as compared with some of the vegetable binders, such as, for example, molasses, lower in price and the quantity available is, practically speaking, unlimited. Sulfite itch has,

however, this objection as a bin er: that 40 brguets made by its use, in 'order'to become su ciently hard to be handled as a commercial article, must either be subjected for periods of time, ranging from thirty to sixty minutes, to a high temperature rising, in some cases which have come under my observation, to 1000 F. 'Or, if drying at a lower temperature is employed, the time required and, consequently the space occupied, to handle a large tonnage, are excessive.

The object of m invention is to improve the sulfite pitch binder by incorporating it into some substance which will cause the combined binder, when mixed with the coal and formed into suitable blocks or briquets,

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 27, 1919.

Application filed July 12, 1918. Serial. T50. 244,578.

drying the coal now regarded as indispensable, in all briqueting processes.

A further object of my invention is to do I away with the necessity of manufacturing briquets under heavy pressure which, in existing processes, necess1tates the use of elaborate and costly machinery on which repairs and depreciatlon are excessive.

In short, the object of my invention is to provide a binder which can be employed for the manufacture of briquets by the use of the simple appliances and devlces nowemployed in the manufacture of ordinary building bricks without the installation of any new machinery, enabling the brick yards to be occupied in producing a fuel for general use during the cold weather when they would ordinarily be idle.

I have discovered that a binder consisting of a mixture of ordinary plastic clay suitable for the manufacture of bricks and the concentrated residual liquor of the sulfite .wood-pulp process is very satisfactory and when mixed with finely divided coal or coke and formed in molds-without the use of more pressure than is necessary to completel fill the molds-and then subjected to a mo crate temperature in the steam driers iIi'g of the fuel. When clay is combined with sulfite pitch, however, and the resultant mixture is used as a binder, the product hardens quickly under a moderate temperature, and forms briquets which are not only hard but extremely tough and resistant to shocks and strains.

In order to give a clearer understanding of my invention, I shall describe in detail one way of manufacturing the same,