US1303882A - Railway-car - Google Patents

Description

E. H. GOLD.

RAILWAY CAR AND HEATING AND VENTILATING SYSTEM THEREFOR. APPLICATION FILED MAB I. I915.

1,303,882. Patented May 20, 1919.

3 SHEETS-SHEET I- 1 l/VV NTUR.

WITNESSES:

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E. H. GOLD. RAILWAY CAR AND HEATING AND VENTILATING SYSIEM memos.

AFPHCATION FILED MAIL 1915. 1,303,882. Patented May :20, 1919.

3 SHEETS-SWEET 2.

WITNESSES E. H. GOLD. RAILWAY CAR AND HEATING AND venmmms sYsrEM THEREFOR.

APPLHIAIION FILED MAN. I. l9\5.

Patented May 20; 1919.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3- WITNESSES A TTORNE V61 EGBERT H. GOLD, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

RAILWAY-CAR AND HEATING AND VENTILATING SYSTEM THEREFOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 20, 1919.

Application filed March 1, 1915. Serial No. 11,394.

1 '0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Eonnn'r H. Gotn, a citizen of the United States, re'sidin' at Chicago, in the county of Cook and t tate of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Railway-Cars and Heating and Ventilating Systems Therefor, of which the following is a specification.

Mv invention relates to the heating and ventilating of railway passenger cars, particularly cars of steel construction.

()ne of the objects of the invention is to provide means for preventin the forniatioi'i of frost on the inner wall sur aces of the car. In cars of steel construction the ceiling plates, that is, the inner sheet metal sheathf ings of the roof of the car, are likely to become covered with frost in v'er cold weather due to the rapid radiation tirough the metal structure composing the ro'o which takes place when the car is in motion, and is, consequently, subjected to strong drafts of cold air over the roof. When the train comes to a stand still the amount of radiation is very considerably decreased and as a result the frost collected on the ceiling plates melts and drips upon the passengers. My invention prevents this in the manner to be here inafter described.

A further object of the invention is to provide an arrangement of the structural ele ments of the car and a disposition of the heating and ventilating devices therefor whereby a more etiicient and economical distribution of the heated air is obtained than has heretoforebeen possible with the heating and ventilating means heretofore employed. In this connection the invention has .for a s ecific object to direct convection currents o heated air from the radiators at the side of the car into the aisle and thence diagonally upwardly and across the seats, and then through the upper portion of the superstructure of the car to the ventilators. This method results in a more efficient, economical and equaole heating of the entire car than is possible when, as has been customary, the hot air is caused to pass straight up from the aisle to the ventilators which are ordinarily located along the center longitudinal line of the car.

The invention has for further objects such other new and improved constructions, arrangements and devices relating to the heatiug and ventilation of *ailway passenger cars as will be hereinafter described and claimed.

The invention is illustrated, in a preferred embodiment, in the accompanying drawings, wherein p y y Figu're 1 shoX'vs, in side elevation, the superstructure of an ordinary passenger coach of steel construction, part of the side Wall of the car being broken aw. so as to sho'iv one of the radiators eniploye for heatin the" car.

Fig. '2 is an end view of the car with a portion of the end wall broken away for similar reasons.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary view taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 1. i

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary sectional plan on line of Fig: 3.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view on line 5--5 of Fig. 3, certain parts being bioken awa for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the structures sought to be shown, and

Fig. 6 is a plan section, on' an el'ilargcd scale, taken on line G'6 of Fig. 3.

Like characters of reference designate like p'arts in the several figures of the drawings.

The drawings show a steel passenger car which is, generally speaking, of a familiar construction except so far as modification in certain respects is required for the purposes of my invention. It will be understood that. the invention is not limited to this particular type of steel passenger car. As is usual in steel passenger cars, the sidewalls are made up of outer sheathing plates 10, inner sheathing )lates 11 and upright frame members 12. he lower deck is similarly constructed of outer sheathing plates 13, inner or ceiling plates 14' and carlines 15. The upper deck consists of sheet metal roof plates 16, inner sheathing or ceiling plates 17 and carlin'es 18. The clear-story wall between the clear-story windows 19 is made up of outer plates 20, inner plates 21 and side plates 22, these structures being preferably braced b the bracing elements 23. The car roof is shown as provided with a series of ventilators 24 arranged along the central longitudinal line of the roof. The side walls have the usual windows 25.

Ordinarily the upper deck of the car is pierced with openings under the ventilators so that the air is discharged directly from the interior of the car through the ventilators. My invention contemplates having the spaces within the upper portions of the side walls, lower deck, clear-story wall and upper deck connected one with another so as to provide a circulation space or communicating spaces into which heated air from the interior of the car is introduced through one or more openings 26, preferably between the windows and the lower deck, and from which air is discharged to the atmosphere through the ventilators 24. The outside sheathing of the upper deck is, of course, formed with openings, designated 27, through which the air passes to the ventilators. If desired, the inner sheathing of the upper deck may also be formed with openings 28 which are controlled by registers 29. The latter will ordinaril i be closed, or at least partially closed, uring the period of the year that the car is artificially heated so that at least some of the hot air in the car will be compelled to pass through the roof structure. During the summer months the registers may be left entirely open if that is found more desirable. The means used for providing the circulation passages through the roof structure of the car will, of course, depend upon the particular arrangement of the structural elements of the upper portion of the car. In the construction illustrated in the drawings the channel members 30, which run the length of the car between the side walls and the lower deck 14, are formed with perforations 31. The carlines 15 of the lower deck have openings 32. The carlines 18 of the upper deck are also formed with openings designated 33. The air from the spaces between the lower deck plates 13 and 14 passes into the spaces in the clear-story through openings 34 in the outer sheathings 13 of the lower deck. The inner plates 17 of the up- )er deck are likewise formed with openings 35. It will be obvious that any other suitable arrangement might be devised whereby the various spaces between the inner and outer sheathings of the upper portion of the car are put into communication with each other. Preferably the openings 26 are provided with registers 36.

Any suitable heating system might be em ployed in connection with the arrangements above described. I prefer, however, to use a heating apparatus which will deliver a considerable volume of hot air into the aisle of the car. Apparatus of this sort is showrn in the drawings. 37 is an air trunk or box which extends the length of the car in the corner between one of the side walls and the floor 38. In the air trunk is located a radiator 39 of any suitable character which is fed from the train line 40 by a feed pipe 41. 42 is a return pipe and 43 a vapor regulator; the system being shown as an atmospheric pressure systemin which the inflow of steam to the radiator is regulated automatically by the thermostatic condition of the medium at the outlet. H is a fresh air duct arranged below the air trunk 37 and supplied with air through intake pipes 45 provided at their outer ends with the usual air jacks 46.

The air trunk is provided along its length with a series of discharge pipes 47, one being arranged preferably under each of the seats 48. The air trunk 37 is put in communication with the fresh air duct 44 by a series of ducts 49 which are preferably in staggered relation with the discharge pipes 47 It will be understood that the heating apparatus above described for one side of the car is ordinarily duplicated on the other side of the car.

The operation of the heating and vent lating system above described is as follows: The hot air delivered into the aisle of the car from pipes 47 takes a diagonal course, as indicated by the arrows in Fig. 3, acro s the seats 48 to the openings '26 in the inner sheathin 11 said openings being arranged preferabl about the level of the tops oi the windows 25. The currents of air passing through the spaces between the inner and outer sheathings of the roof structure keep the inner sheathings or ceiling plates of the car comparatively warm so that the danger of frost forming on the plates is eliminated. This circulation results not only from the levity of the heated air but also from the positive suction produced by the ventilators 24.

The deflection of the air currents from the aisle across the seats to the side walls of the car of advantage also in producing a more etlicient and equable heating of the car. \Vhere the arrangement is such that the hot air is delivered to the aisle and can thence pass directly out of the car through openings in the roof, the aisles are likely to be overheated and the seating portions of the car, particularly the region inimediately adjacent the windows, are liable not to receive the proper amount of heat. Moreover, by compelling the body of hot air delivered to the aisles to find its exit from the car by divided and somewhat circuitous paths, the heating of the car is accomplished more economically than where the hot air can issue immediately to the atmosphere through openings in the roof. Where adequate heat is more important than perfect ventilation, as in very severe weather, the upper registers 29 may be closed entirely so that a body of hot air is trapped in the upper part of the car. Further regulation may be obtained by partly closing the lower registers 36.

It. is fully realized that the invention might be utilized in different ways from the preferred arrangement shown and; described. I do not wish, therefore, to be understood as limiting the invention to the particular constructions, arrangements and devices hereinabove specified except so far as such limitations are specifically claimed in the claims appended hereto.

I claim:

1. In combination, a railway car having the usual seats arranged on opposite sides so as to leave an aisle, the roof structure of which comprises inner and outer metal sheathings thereby providing an air circulation space therebetween, said space being in communication with the interior of the car above the seats and having outlets to the atmosphere through the roof of the car, a heating apparatus comprising air trunks located along the side walls and floor of the car, discharge pipes extending under the seats to the aisle, and radiators in said air trunks.

In combination, a railway car having the usual windows and seats arranged along the side walls of the car so as to provide an aisle down the middle, the side walls and roof structure of the car being formed by inner and outer sheathings spaced apart and providing communicating circulation spaces, the inner sheathings of the side walls being forn'ied at points above the seats with inlet openings and the outer sheathing of the roof with a series of openings along approximately the center hne of the roof, a heating apparatus, and means for delivering heat into said aisle.

3. In a railway passenger car, the combination of side walls and roof composed of inner and outer sheathings whereby an air circulation space is provided, the side wall inner sheathing having an inlet opening intermediate of its height, and the root outer sheathing having an outlet opening at its highest point, and means for delivering a current of heated air into the car aisle near the floor.

4. In a passenger car, the combination of a side wall having window openings, a roof,

Copies 0! this patent may he pbtainerl for five cents each, by addressing the the roof and the side wall above the window openings being double sheathed, providing an air circulation space, the side wall inner sheathing having an air inlet opening near the upper extremity of the window opening, the roof outer sheathing having a protected opening near the highest point of the roof, means for generating a current of heated air, and means for delivering said heated air to a point near the longitudinal center line of the car.

5. In a passenger car, the combination of a side wall having window openings, a root, the roof and the side wall above the window openings being double sheathed, providing an air circulation space, the side wall inner sheathing having an air inlet opening near the upper extremity of the window opening, the root outer sheathing having a protected opening near the highest point of the roof, means for generating a current of heated air, and means for conducting the heated air horizontally along the floor of the car and delivering the air into the car at sub stantially the center thereof.

6. In combination, a railway passenger car, having a roof which is composed substantially entirely of double walls, the space between the walls being substantially unobstructed, thereby providing for the circulation of heated air over the surface of the inner wall the outer wall having discharge outlets near the center line of the car, the car side walls having air passages communicating with the space between the roof walls, said passages communicating with the interior of the car at a. point in termediate of the height of the side walls thereof, means for generating a current of heated air, and, means for conducting said heated air to and delivering the same at points near the longitudinal center line of the car.

EGBERT H. GOLD.

\Vitnesses L. A. FALKENBERG, H. M. GILLnsPIn.

Gommissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. 0.

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