US1302988A - s steinschneider - Google Patents

Description

I L; STHNSQHNHDEBH 'PREHEATER ma USE m m; msnmmm 0F PETROLEUM, TAB, AND mum.

' APPUCATIQN LED 35;? H'l H3. 1,30%,988. Patented May 6, 1919.

I L. snmscnwtmm v PREHEATER FOB USE'IN THE MSTILLATIOM 0F PEIRULEUM, TAB, AND THE LIKE- I I AP'PLICATIOH FILED SEPT. I3. 3913. I L302,98 8 mama May 6, 1919.

ill

' tion.

Specification 01 Letters IlPatcnt.

Application riled September-1%, isle. 1%. 290,56 33.

To all whom it 22mg concern:

Be it known that l, Lao tlirniusonnninnn, a subject of the Emperor of Austria, residan; at llriinn, in lvioravia, Austrian Empire, have invented certain new and useful inn proveinents in Preheaters for Use in the Distillation of Petroleum, Tar, and the like, of which the-following is a specification. l

in the petrol and tar industry pro-heaters tor the crude oil or charge are used for the ,better utilization of the heat used in distilling: According-to the present invention, the pre heater is .so constructed that the vapors orgases may take a vertical course, as it is :t-ound' that a better dephlegmation occurs in this manner, thegases undergoing a gravitational stratification, as Well as a separation by condensation.

The structure is also preferably so arranged that a natural circulation of the crude oil-may take place in the pre-heater. lvleansare also preferably provided for con.- trolling the circulation of the crude oil, and hencethe condensation of the vapors or gases. passing through the pro-heater. The vertical arrangement of the pre-heater andthe natural circulation of the crude oil there in. also contribute to a gravitational separa tion of the crude oil and the Water contained therein.

'llhe' heat oi either the vapors, or the distillate,cr both, may be utilized in the preheater. Y I

@everal embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawing.

Figure 1 illustrates in vertical section a; preheater according to the present inven- 22 is a transverse section struction shown in 1.

l igs. 3' and i are views similar to and 2 of a further embodiment of the invention. v

F 5, views oi further embodiments.

1 designates a vertical cylindrical tank or" oil the convessel provided with a cover and servinai'ior receiving the fluid" material, (crude-oil to.

be heated. 2 designates the normal fluid level olthe crude'oil or the like'in the pre" heater. 8 designates ideiphlegmatoravhich is arranged in the cylindrical tank 1. 'lhe dephleglnatop may comprise a drum having the headers or ends a, i and tubes 5 secured in theheaders' i, shown in Figs..- l l, or

o1 tubes connected to inanitolds Figs. 1

only a part of same.

and :22, as shown in. Figs. o l inclusive. The

vapors or gases coming from the stilhhead (3 pass through tube 7 into the dcphlegmator 3, in or around thetuhes, and, rising, pass out of the drum through a pipe 8 to a condensing coil, and from there, after its condensa-' tion, to. the receiving house. By the rising of the distillate vapors or gases, in the dephlcgmator 3 a stratification results, according to the specific gravity of the vapors, and this stratification is assisted by the effect of the variously heated strata of. crude oil, tar or the like, on the vapors passing vertically in the dcphlegmator. to he pro-heated, Figs. 14l, has passage through the tubes 5 and surrounds thesides oi the, dephlegihator 3, as Well as the headers thereof. The condensate in the dephleg mater 3 flows opposite to the distillate gases and collects on the lower header i, from which position it is carried off by pipes 9 and may thence advantageously pass through a coil 10, in order to cool down the condei'isate and pro-heat thereby the contents of the pro-heater. lhe condensate may then pass to the receiving house through a pipe 11.

in order to obtain a good circulation of the iiuid contents of the pie-heater, an open jacket 12 is arranged around the dephlegination apparatus. The jacket has one end at a height above the floor 13 of the preheater and has its other end a distance beneath the fluid level 2. The fluid which is warmed by the dephlcgmator 3 rises upward and con ti iually draws after itthe cooler fluid situated in the lower part oi the pro-heater;

The heated fluid in the vessel 1 may be conducted to the still through a pipe 25, the liuid preferably being taken from the upper part of the jacket 12. r

in the jacket 12, a valve 1% issituated,

' r which can 'be so placed that it either leaves 5 6 and 7 are vertical sectional tree the hole sectionoi the jacket 12 or I 15 shows in dotted lines the position of'the valve when partially open. By means of the valve l i the operator can control the progress otthe dephlegination. Vi hen the valve 14: is in closed position, dowel fluid through the jacket 12 and pro-heater is prevented. in

this case thedluid located in the jacket 12 receives a higher temperature than that contained oetween the jaclret 12 and the outer Walls-cit the pro-heater i. The difference ct temperature between the dlstillategases in.

The fluid (crude oil) as in the previous embodiment.

the dephlcgmator 3 and the fluid (crude oil) to which the heat is to be given, is diminished, and accordingly the condensation capacity of the dephlegmatiou apparatus is lessened. \Vhen accordingly the fluid dcphlegmate coming from pipe 9 contains too much of the light fluid constituents of the oil, the operator only needs to move the valve it to a partially open position, or eventually, to a closed position, so as to reduce or stop the circulation of the crude oil in the preheater.

If this pro-heater is also to be used as a residue pre-heater, it is only necessary to arrange a coil 16 through which the residue enters from the still-head 6 by means of pipe 17 and leaves the pre-heater by pipe 18.

Figs. 3 and s show a pre-heaterof similar construction to that shown in Figsl and 2, with the difference that in the casing of the dephleginator 3, an intern'iediatewall 19 is arranged, so that the distillate gases coming from the pipe 7, rise on one side of this dividing all, and fall on the other side. The gases circulate around the tubes 5, and continue their course through pipe 8 exactly In the present instance two fluid dephlegmates are formed, which ar separated by the dividing wall 19 and these pass through pipes 9 and 11 or 9 and 11 respectively to the receiving houseL Fig. 5 shovs a further constructional form of the pre-heater. The vapors or gases from the still-head, in this case, however, pass into the manifold :20 of the dephlegmator rising upward, inside the tubes 21 to manifold 22 and from there through tube 8 to the cooler into the receivin house. The dephlegmate from the manifodd 20 is again received by pipes 9.

By arranging a dividing wall 23 in the manifold 20 (Fig. 5) two fluid dephlegmates can be formed, which can then be received by the pipes 9 and 9, the uncondensed distillate gases being led off through a. pipe 8;

Fig. 6 shows a further constructional form of pre-heater, in which both the manifold 20 and the manifold 22 are provided with a dividing wall 23. The distillate gases rising upward from the compartment :20 of the manifold 20, pass through the first set of vertical tubes 21, into the compartment 22 of manifold 22, thence into compartment 20 of manifold 20 through a pipe 2ft- From compartment 20 of manifold 20 the gases rise and leave the pre-heater through the pipe 8. In this case the fractions are discharged through pipes 9 and 9.

It is clear that any number at such dephlegmation elements, as described in Figs. 1 to 6, can be arranged in a pre-heater, in which case each of the dephlegmation ele ments can either receive a separate jacket 12 for itself or all these elements may be provided with a common jacket. Such a form of construction is shown in Fig. 7 for a preheater of the horizontal construction wherein the gases not condensed in the first element pass to the second element and from there are directed to the third element and the fractionated fluids in the single elements are discharged through the pipes 26.

Also in vertical arrangements of pre heat-- ers the individual fractional elements can be arranged above each other so that for instance the first dephlegmate is formed in the upper elements, the second in the lower clements, etc, or the reverse.

'1 claim:

1. A prehcatei for use in the distillation of petroleum and the like products producing when heated, comprising aclosed vessel containing the product to be distilled, a dephlegmator, the dephlegmator having an inlet and outlet for the distillate gases, vertical passages in Contact with the contents of the vessel to conduct the distillate gases from the inlet to the outlet in a vertical direction, and an outlet or outlets for leading off-the products condensed within the said dephlegmator, said dephlcgmator and parts conducting the hot distillate gases being arranged inside the closed vessel, below the liquid level thereof, whereby said dephlegmater and parts conducting the hot gases do not come in contact with the gases which may collect in the space in the top of the closed vessel.

2. A pre-heater for use in the distillation of petroleum and the like products producing gases when heated, comprising a closed vessel containing the product to be distilled, a dephlegmator, the said dephlegmator comprising a system of vertical tubes in contact with tlie contents of the vessel, said dephlcgmator also having an inlet, an outlet for the distillate gases and an outlet for the condensed products, said dephlegmator and parts conducting the hot distillate gases being arranged inside the closed vessel, below the liquid level thereof, whereby said dephlegmator and parts conducting the hot gases do not come in contact with the gases which may collect in the space in the top of the closed vessel.

3. A pre-heater for use in the distillation of petroleum and the like products producing gases when heated, comprising a closed vessel containing the product to be distilled, a dephlegmator, the said dephlegmator comprising a system of vertical tubes in contact with the contents of the vessel, and manifolds at the ends of the said-tubes, said dephlegmator also having an inlet, an outlet for the distillate gases and an outlet for the condensed products, said dephlegmator and partseonducting the hot distillate gases being arranged inside the closed vessel, below the'liquid level thereof, whereby said dephlegmator and parts conducting the hot gases do not come in contactwith the gases which may collect inth space in the top of the closed vessel. i

4:. In a pro-heater for use in the distillation of petroleum and the like, the combination of a closed Vessel adapted to contain the product; to be distilled, a dephlegmator, said dephlegmator comprising a plurality of" sets of vertical tubes, the gases passing always upward along one, surface of said tubes, a main pipe for conducting uncondensed gases from the top of one set of vertical tubes to 5. In'a pre-heater for use'in the distillation of petroleum and the like, the combination of a closed vessel adapted to contain the product tobe distilled, a dephleginator, said dephlegmator comprising vertical tubes, a

" manifold at the base of said tubes, said 1nani-v fold being in communication with the gas inlet and being divided, and an voutlet for the liquid condensed in each division of the manifold, said dephlegmator and parts conducting the hot distillate gases being 'ar-v ranged inside the closed vessel, b elow the liquid level thereof, whereby said dephlegmator and parts conducting the hot gases do not come in contact with the gases which may collect in the space in the top of the closed vessel.

6.111 a pro-heater for use in the distillation of petroleum and the like, the combination of a closed vessel containing the product to be distilled, a dephleglnator comprising a system of vertical tubes arranged within said vessel and manifolds at each end of saidtubes, partitions in said :nanifolds,.a main communication tube connecting the space on one side of said partitions 111 one of the up per manifolds with a space in a lower manifold on the opposite side of the partition,

whereby the j distillate gases are caused to pass always upward in the vertical tubes.

7 ,A pre-heater comprising a vessel containing the product to be distilled, a plusaid tubes,- a ja cket around said plurality of tubes and having an outletfor the contents of the vessel, and means for controlling the, circulation through said jaeket.

8. A pre-heater comprising a.vessel containing the product to be distilled, a vessel inside of said first vessel adapted to receive distillate gases, and a jacket between said first and second vessels, said jackethaving openings at its top and bottom and having the opening at its top below the liquid level in the first vessel.

9. A pre-hcater comprising a vessel containing the product to be distilled, a vessel inside ofsaid firstvessel adapted to receive distillate gases, and a jacket between said first and second vessels, said jacket having openings at at its top and bottom and having the opening-at its top below the liquid level in the first vessel, and means for con trolling the circulation through said jacket.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

LEO STEINSCHNEIDER. Witnesses:

HUGO .REIK, AUeUs'r FUGGER.

Images