US1399280A - Fluid-pressure system - Google Patents

Description

V. V. VEENSCHOTEN.

FLUID PRESSURE SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED NOV, 22, 1917.

1,399,280. Patented Dec. 6, 1921.

1 I 2 SEEETS-SHEET 1.

- INVENTOR. WITNESS. V Vaenschalan ATTORNEY V. V. VEENSCHOTEN.

FLUID PRESSURE SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 22,1917.

1,399,280, Patented Dec. 6, 1921.

2 $HEETSSHE ET 2.

-INVENTUR fi Vanscholen/ W] TNESSJ ATTORNEY VINCENT V. VEENSCHOTEN, OF ERIE, PENNSYLVANIA.

FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEM.

Application filed November '[0 aZZ whom it may coma we.

Be it known that I, Vrxcnrvr V. Vnnn- SCHOTEN, citizen of he United States, residing at Erie, in the county of Erie and State oi Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Fluid- Pressure Systems, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to apparatus for controlling fluid pressure systems wherein such fluids as water and steam are used under varying pressures, and particularly where it is desired to prevent injury of the system in case of accidents or other abnormal occurrences. In illustrating my invention I have related it particularly to boiler feed-water systems; and one of the objects of the invention is to provide means t'or more completely controlling such systems, particularly in cases of excessive loads thereon or accidents thereto, or of improper manipulation of the system in any way.

In boiler feed-water systems it is common to use a pump for forcing the water into the boiler, the pump being operated by steam supplied by the boiler; and it sometimes happens that the pressure in the feed-water pipe, because of breakage or leakage thereof, or for other reasons, becomes reduced to such an extent that the pump begins to race due to the decrease in its load, and injury thereto may result. Such a result may follow the reduction in suction in the supply line of the pump due to shortage of water, leakage, breakage, or otherwise. And one of the ol jeots of the invention is to prevent injuries to the pump, or to give notice to the opera tor, by stopping the pump or reducing its speed it any such an emergency arises.

Of the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a front elevation of a boiler system, more or less diagrammatic, embodying features oi? my invention; Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the control valve, and Fig. 8 shows an application of the control valve to another type of hydraulicsystem.

Referring to Fig. 1 the boiler 5 is fed with water by means of the feed-water pipes 6 and 32, the supply of water being controlled by the regulator 7, which controls, in a well known manner, the level of the elevation of the water level in the boiler by means of the feed-water valve 8; the water pressure in the feed-water pipe being maintained by the pump 9, which is operated by the engine 10. The engine is supplied with steam from the Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Deo. 6, 1921. 22, 1917. Serial No. 203,469.

boiler through the pipe 11; and the steam supply valve 12 is controlled normally, in a well known manner, by the governor 13; while my control valve in the casing 14, in turn, controls the operation of the governor under certain conditions.

If, for any reason, there is a material fall in pressure in the feed-water pipe 32, the pump will be shut off by the action of the control valve in the casing 14 or the governor 13. The governor 13 may be of any ordinary type such as any of the constant pressure governors or constant excess pressure governors 1n general use. ticular instance I have shown a constant excess pressure governor, whereby the opening oi the steam valve to the pump is controlled by the pressure of the feed-water delivered by the pump in excess of the pressure of the steam in the boiler. Casing 14; of the governor control valve is connected by the pipe 19, to the feed-water discharge pipe 32; to the governor 13, by the pipe 25; and it is connected to the boiler by means of the pipe 20 which may be extended upwardly, as indicated. in Fig. 1, above the boiler so far as may be desired.

The control valve comprises a valve 22 which is adapted normally to close a port 23; but, under certain conditions, it will be "forced upward to close a port 24. Normally the water pressure is transmit ed to the governor 13 through the pipe 19, the upper port 2e, and the pipe 25; but steam pressure is transmitted to the governor in the ordinary manner through the pipe 21.

Fixed to the valve 22 is an upwardly extending stem 36 encircled by a spring 35, which is compressed between a washer 87, resting on a shoulder 38 or the valve stem, and the sleeve 39. The position of the upper end of the spring may be adjusted by means of the sleeve 39 threaded into the yoke 40.

In operation, if there should be a serious leakage in the feed-water pipe, or a shortage of water in the pump suction pipe, the water in the boiler would sink; the regulator 7 would open wider the valve 8; this would reduce still more the pressure in the feedwater pipe, and the valve 8 would open to its maximum extent. If other boilers were in use with boiler 5, using water from the pump 9, further reduction in pressure would result in the main feed-water line 32 and hence in the pipe 19 and above the valve 22.

'In this par- This reduction in the pressure would cause the governor to open wider the steam valve 12, and thus, as the load on the pump would liminish, racing of the pump might follow. If, for any reason, the pressure in the teed water pipe were reduced to a certain predetermined amount the pressure of the steam acting on the condensed water in pipe 20, aided by the weight of the water therein, would force open the valve 22, and this increased pressure would thenact on the governor through pipe 25 and would slow down the pump before its increased speed would become dangerous. It suilicient reduction in pressure in the teed-we. er pipe should occur suddenly the water pressure would instantly fall liabelow the pressure acting on the under side of the valve 22 that the valve would very quickly be operated andthe pump properly controlled. A check valve prevents the b ck pressure from the boiler reaching the control valve and interfering with its operation.

In starting the pum the valve 22, to'gravity and the pressure of the spring will close it the valve 5]. is closed. This will relieve the pressure in the water pressure chamber of the governor and the pump may be started in the usual manner by opening valve ll. Valve 51 may then he opened order to pro Jerly control the governor. It will be readily understood that the compression of the spring controls the excess pressure required to open the valve 22, and the pump, by suitably adjusting the compression of the spring, may be merely slowed down or entirely stopped. when the valve 22 is operated. If the pressure required to operate the valve 22 is sufficient to overcome the steam pressure and the weight acting on the governor, the steam valve 12 will be closed and the pump stopped.

Although I have illustrated my invention in this instance by means of constant evcess pressure governor, it is to be unuerstood that any ordinary form of governor may be used in connection with the control valve, as the steam pipe 2i leading to the governor is in no way directly related to the control valve. 1 also use as an illustration a steam boiler system which generates steam for operating the pump engine; but it is to be understood that steam from any other source may be used for operating the engine, or suitable pressure from any other source for operating the control valve may be used. The control valve may be applied also to other fluid pressure systems, such as centrifugal pump operated by a steam engine and circulating water through a condenser of the steam plant, or pumping water from the hot well sump or otherwise. And I further wish it understood that the control valve is applicable under suitable condi tions tothe controlling of any device other through the condenser from the pump is forced out through a pipe 59 to a spray or other coolin means into a tanked from which it is drawn'by the pump and again forced into the condenser. The turbine 56 is operated by steam coining hem the boiler (not shown) through the pipe {51 and the steam valve 62. The opening of the valve (32 is governed in a usual manner by any suitable form of governor, such as the constant pressure governor 63. The pressure chamber of the governoris connected by a pipee-fl to the controller casing and in turn by the pipe 66 with the water pipe 59; while the steam pressure chamber of the control valve casing 65 connected by a pipe 67 with the steam pipe 61.

In operation, if, for any reason, a material reduction in the water pressure in pipe 59 occurs, the valve of the controller 65 will be forced open, and the steam pressure will act through the controller and pipe 6 lto the governor, and slow down or stop the pump, depending upon tie adjustment of the controller spring and therelative pressures of the steam and the water in the controller casing.

I claim as my invention:

1. The combination of two vessels, a fluid under pressure contained in each of said vessels, a device arranged to be operated by one of said fluids, and means toroperating the said device by the other of said fluids when the difference between the pressures of the said fluids reaches a predetermined amount. I Z

2. The combination of two vessels, a fluid under pressure contained in each of said vessels, means for'var'ying the pressure of one of said fluids, a device arranged to be operated by one of said fluids as its pressure varies, and means for operating the said device by the other fluid when the differences between said pressures reaches a predetermined amount.

The combination of two vessels, a fluid under pressure contained in each 01 said vessels, a device arranged to be operated normally and continuously varying the pressure of one of said fluids, and means'tor eliminating the effect of said latter pressure when it reduces to a predetermined amount below the pressure of the other fluid.

4:. The combination of two vessels, a fluid under pressure contained in each of said fluid pressure; said controller vessels, means for varying the pressure of one of said fluids, a device arranged to be operated normally and continuously by the varying pressure of aid latter fluid, and means for eliminating the effect of said latter pressure when the dii'lierences between the pressures reaches predetermined amount.

5. In a boiler teed-w: system, the com bination of a pump governor controller thereof, said controller comprising a casing having two inlets and one outlet, said outlet being connected with the w pressure chamber or" said governor, sai... inlets adapted be connected respectively with the teed-water )ipe and the steam chamber of a boiler, a valve in said casing, said valve being operable by the water and steam pressures of the system and arranged to alternately connectsaid inlets with the outlet.

a boiler feed-water system, the com- -ion or a constant excess pressure pump governor and controller thereof, said controller comprising a casing having two inlets and one outlet, said outlet being connected with the water pressure chamber of said overnor, said inlets adapted to be connec ed respectively with the f ed-water pipe and the steam chamber of a boiler, a valve in said casing, said valve being operable by the water and steam pressures of the system, and arranged to alternately connect said inlets with the outlet.

7. In a boiler feed-water system, acombin-ation oi device to be operated, and a controller of said device; said controller comprising casing having a steam and a w ter inlet a an out-let, and said device having a water inlet; said device and said cont-roller each arranged to be operated outlet being connected with the water inlet of said device; said controller steam and water in lets adapted to be connected respectively with the steam and teed-water pipes of a boiler; ant a valve in said cas ng arranged to alternately connect the water and the steam inlets thereof with the outlet.

8. In a boiler-feed water system, the combination of a pump governor, and a controller for said governor, said controller having two inlet one outlet, means operatively connecting said out-l he water pressure chamber of said g vernor, one 01 said inlets being adapted to be connected with the teed-water pipe of said system, and the other of said inlets being adapted to be connected with the steam chamber of said boile and means within said con trol er for alternately connecting said inlets with said outlet.

and a 9. In a boiler feed-water system, the com bination of a pump governor, and ,a controller for said governor, said controller having two inlets and an outlet, means operatively connecting said outlet with the water pressure chamber of said governor, one or" said inlets being adapted to be con nected with the teed-water pipe of said sys tem, and the other of said inlets being adapted to be connected with the steam chamber of said boiler, and means within said controller for alternately connecting said inlets with said outlet, said means being operable by the relative pressure in said inlets.

10. In a boiler teed-water system, the combination of a pump governor, and a controller for said governor, said controller having two inlets and an outlet, means operatively connecting said outlet with the water pressure chamber of said governor, one of said inlets being adapted to be connected with the feed-water pipe of said system, and the other of said inlets being adapted to be connected with the steam chamber of said boiler, and means within said controller for alternately connecting said inlets with said outlet, said means comprising a valve, and a spring arranged to tend to hold said valve closed against the pressure in one of said inlets.

11. In a boiler system, the combination of a pump governor and a control valve, the governor having a water chamber and a steam chamber, the controller having two inlets and an outlet, the controller inlets being connected respectively with the feed water pipe of the boiler and the steam chamber thereof, means for alternately connecting said controller inlets with its outlet, the steam chamber of the governor being operatively connected with the steam chamber of the boiler, and the outlet of said controller being operatively connected with the water chamber of said governor.

12. In a boiler system, the combination of a constant. excess pressure pump governor controller therefor, the controller having two inlets and an outlet, the steam chamber of the governor being connected to the steam chamber of the boiler, the controller inlets being connected respectively with the feed-water pipe of the boiler system and the steam chamber thereof, and means for alternately connecting said controller inlets with its outlet, said outlet being operatively con nected to the water chamber 01": said g overnor.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto set my hand.

VINOEN T V. VEENSOHOTEN.

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