US1396189A - Arch-protector for clamp-kilns - Google Patents

Description

- F. GLECKLER.

ARCH PROTECTOR FOR CLAMP KILNS- APPLICATION FILED APR. 25 192l. I 1 ,396,1 89, I Patented Nov. 8, 1921.

. 0 v INVENTOR- M ATTORNEYS.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ARCH-PROTECTOR FOR CLAMP-KILNS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 8, 1921.

Application filed npril 25, 1921. Serial No. 464,329.

7 To all whom it may. concern:

Be it known'that I, FREDERICK GLEGKLER, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Oak Harbor, county of Ottawa and State of Ohio, have made an invention appertaining to Arch-Protectors for Clamp-Kilns;

and I do hereby declare thefollowing-to be a full, clear, and exact description of "the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to. make and use the same, reference being had to the. ac-

companying drawings, and to the characters of reference marked thereon, which form a part. of this specification.

This invention relates to the burning of,

bricks and particularly to a feature for use in connection with what is commonly known as up-draft or clamp kiln.

Kilns of this character customarily comprise elongated structures having side walls built parallel to each other about 22 feet apart and having ends and top open, although this varies, and having furnaces built underneath the side walls with throats or openings leading into .the interior of the kiln. The brick to. be burned or treated are piled in largebodies between the head walls,

the lower. portion being built in arch formation with the ends of the arches in'register with the throats of respective wall furnaces so that the heat'and flame from the furnaces enter the arch'ends. .The arches are usually.

built so that the spaces or flues formed there by are from 12 to 16 inches wide and the brick comprising the same are laid in various ways to prevent outlet spaces therebetween. An objectionable feature incident to the. use of kilns .of this character is "that the cold air which enter the arches while firing or cleaning grates followed by the intense blast of heat and flame is farvbeyond the endurance of common clay brick, causing a fusing and unavoidable damage to the brick in the heads of the kiln arches, the portions of the arches thus damaged extending from the openings back an average distance of five or six feet into. the arch and invariably forming a melted mass of cracked or inferior brick at such points.

The primary object of my invention is the provision of meanswithin a brick arch adjacent to a furnace throat for causing a substantially even discharge-of the heat and flame throughout the length of the arch and preventing the melting, cracking and other wall.

injury to the brickin the head portions of the arch that has heretofore been present in the burning of brick in kilns of the up-draft type. Further objects and advantages of the inventlon are apparent from the following detailed description thereof.

While the invention in its broader aspect is capable of embodiment in numerous forms, a. preferred embodiment thereof is illustrated in theaccompanyingdrawing, in w'hich,

igure I is an interior view of a side portion of a kiln with a partially built-up brick arch extending from a furnace throat in the wall and inclosing a sub-arch or furnace throat extension embodying the invention, and Fig. II is a vertical section thereof on the line IIII in Fig. I.

Referring, to, the drawings, 1 designates the lnteriorf of a kiln of the up-draft or clamp type, and 2 a side wall thereof having a plurality of furnacethroats or openings 3 therein at spaced intervals along its bottom portion, and having a peek opening 4: above each furnace opening.

The brick to be burned are built up loosely in the form of arches 5, or What is commonly known as kiln benches, which extend across the kiln from one side to the other ininclosing register at each end with a furnace throat 3 of the respective side These arches are built up in different sizesby different operators, but in any event the brick therein are disposed in laterally spaced relation with the spaces between the brick of one row crossing the spaces between the brick of the rows above and below the same, thereby enabling a circulation of the hotflame and gases of combustion from the furnace around each brick of the arch, so far asis possible by building of the brick rows one on top of another. The spaces between the legs or side walls of the arches are usually from'12 to 16 inches wide and-from 3% to 4 feet high.

The arch protector and heat distributer forming my invention comprises a sub-arch or tunnel 6 within each end of a brick arch 5 and is formed by loosely building up fire brick without mortar and with spaces between the same to permit a lateral restricted escape of hot gases and flame from the tunthat conditions of different kilns will differ extend outward from the respective furnace openings or throats 3 so that the flame and hot gases of combustion discharged into an arch from a furnace opening are required to pass through a registering sub-arch be fore entering the brick arch, although restricted portions of the flame and gases are distributed laterally from the sub-arch through the wall spaces thereof. The sides of a sub-arch form a protecting lining for the arch proper and its height depends on the height of the furnace throat leading into the arch, but the usual height is 9 to 16 inches. The brick in the sides and top of the sub-arch should be laid with spread joints giving the flame and gases of combustion a chance to escape laterally from the sub-arch to the ware in the benches, and to the portion of the brick above. The size of the joints in the sides and cover of a subarch cannot be definitely set for the reason as well as will the notions of its users. It is important, however, that the spaces between the brick be not of such size as to permit such a quantity of hot gases and flame to be.

directed therethrough against the brickin the benches as to melt or injure the latter. The width of a tunnel or arch depends on the width of the arches proper which are generally either 12 or 16 inches wide; A 16 inch arch leaves room for a 7 inch tunnel opening with the side wall bricks of the tunnel laid flat, while a 12 inch arch leaves room for the same size opening with the side wall bricks of the tunnel set on edge.

The purpose of the sub-arch or tunnel 6 is to prevent the full force and effect of the hot gases and flame, as they rush into a main arch 5 from a furnace opening, from having destructive action on the brick in a main arch which are disposed adjacent to its furnace opening, but on the contrary to cause a breaking up of the flame and gases pennitting a part to escape through the walls of the sub-arch into contact with adjacent brick and causing the remainder to pass entirely through the sub-arch and to be discharged from its outer end into the main. The sub-arch causes the heat arch space. and flame to be more evenly discharged throughout the interior of a main arch 5 and throughout a much larger space than is otherwise possible, thereby creating a more uniform heat throughout the entire main arch and leaving less chance for slow spots. If a light fire is employed the flame and heat therefrom may escape from the sub-arch through the sides and top thereof close to the furnace throat, while, if a heavy fire is employed, the surplus of the flame and hot gases of combustion dash through the arch toward the center of the kiln. The heat gathered up by the fire brick in the subarch is suflicient to keep practically an entire arch at'a uniform temperature even after the fire has greatly subsided.

' A further important feature of the subarch is thatit moderates the cold air, that enters the arch from a furnace while cleauing grates or firing and then scatters the heavy flame and products of. combustion which follows, instead of permitting the brick of a main arch at the heads thereof to receive practicallythe full impact of cold air entering the. arches and then the impact of the flame andof gases of combustion which follow. Q i

I wish it understood that my, invention is not limited to any specific construction, ar-

rangement or form of the-parts, as it is capable of embodiment in numerous forms without departing from the spirit of the distance into the ware arch from the furnace,

with the spaces between the bricks forming lateral distributing openings for the flame and hot gases of combustion from the subarch and into the ware arch.

2. In a kiln of the class described, the combination with a ware-arch extending from a furnace opening of'the kiln, of a subarch extending outward from the furnace opening a distance within the ware arch and havlng 1ts outer end open and heat distrlbuting openings in 1ts sides. Y

3. In a kiln of the class described having a furnace opening in a wall thereof, the combination with an arch of ware to be burned extending at one end *from the furnace opening in embracing relation thereto, andmeans extending from the furnace opening a disthe class described, the

tance into the adjacent end portion of thearch and forming an extension for the fur nace opening having provision for the lateral and outer end discharge of flame and hot gases of combustion therefrom within the ware arch.

4:. In a kiln of the class described having a furnace discharge throat in the bottom portion .of a wall thereof, an arch extending at one end from the furnace throat in encompassing relation thereto and formed of ware to be burned with the ware built up in spaced relation, and firerbrick built up within the arch to form a tunnel extending a distance 7 into the arch from the furnace throat and having lateral openings distributed throughout its length and an outer end opening for the discharge of flame and gases into the arch from the furnace throat.

5. n a ki n of the class described having 130 a furnace discharge throat in the bottom portion of a Wall thereof, an arch extending at one end from the furnace throat in encompassing relation thereto and formed of Ware to be burned, With the Ware built up in spaced relation, and fire brick built up Within the arch to form a tunnel extending a distance into the arch from the furnace throat and having lateral openings distributed throughout its length and an outer 10 end opening for the discharge of flame and gases into the arch from the furnace throat, the tunnel being of less depth than the arch.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name to this specification.

FREDERICK GLECKLER.

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