US1395462A - Kiln for burning any and all sorts of clay products, glazed ware, and pottery - Google Patents

Description

H. WEBSTER. KILN FOB BURNING ANYAND ALL SORTS 0F CLAY PRODUCTS, GLAZED WARE, AND POTTERY.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 13, 191B.

Patented Nov. 1, 1921.

5 SHEETS-SHEET l.

KILN FDR BURNING ANY AND ALL SOR H. WEBSTER. TS 0F CLAY PRODUCTS, GLAZED WARE, AND POTTERY.

APPLICATION FILED MAY I3, 1918.

Panted Nov. 1, 1921 @7n #ein for 1 H. WEBSTER. KILN FOR BURNING ANY AND ALL ASORTS `,0F CLAY-PRODUCTS, GLA'ZED WARE AND POTTERY.

Patented Nov. 1, 1921.

APPLICATION FILED MAYIS, 1918.

5 SHEETS-SHEE 3.

UMNO

l/ 2o J8 H. WEBSTER. KILN Fon BURNING ANY AND ALL soms oF CLAY PRODUCTS GLAZED WARE, AND POTTERY.

APPLICATION FILED MAY I3, 1918.

L 2. 94 1H 1?. .A VS 0T Nm s m5 D m P zvn for: M7 77145561/ H. WEBSTER.

KILN FOR BURNING ANY AND ALL SORTSOF CLAY PRODUCTS, GLAZED WARE, AND POTTERY. APPLICATION FILED IIIAY I3. IQI'II.

l Patented Nov. 1, 1921.

5 SHEETS-SHED 5.

@man

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY WEBSTER, F NEWPORT, KENTUCKY.

KILN FOR BURNING ANY AND ALL SORTS OF CLAY PRODUCTS, GLAZED WARE, AND POTTERY.

Application led May 13,

To all whomz't 'may concern.'

Be it known that I, HENRY WEBSTER, a subject of the King of Great Britain, and a resident of Newport, in the county of Campbell and State of Kentucky, have invented certain new and useful vImprovements in Kilns for Burning Any and All Sorts of Clay Products, Glazed Ware, and Pottery,

` of which the following is av full, clear, and

exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings forming part of this specification.

The object ofmy invention is to provide a kiln of the continuous type in which the operation of the kiln may be also made periodic, and in which each chamber of the kiln shall be self contained and capable of use independently of the other chambers.

Another object is to provide means for heating the kiln in which any kind offuel,

gas or coal, may be utilized, and in which all parts of the entire chamber may be heated simultaneously. The top, bottom and sides are all uniformly enveloped in the fire, so that the material treated is burned uniformly and evenly. i

With my improvements any `degree of heat can be attained and the coaling of the the furnaces are arranged along both sides and ends, and in which the various chambers of the kiln are provided into separate independent unitsby a blank wall and in which the iiues are so arranged as to carry the heat down under the blank wall and up into the neXt compartment, or out into the main fiue so that such numberof chambers may be used as desired, and inbuilding the kiln the chambers can be constructed in sectional units as many as may be required at the time, with additional units to be added as desired.

In the drawino's, K Figure 1 is a Lhorizontal section showing in one lView the in'ain brick burning floor,

Specification o Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 1, 1921.

191s.V serial No. 234,048.

the underground hot air flues and the fuel feeding floor.

Fig. 2 is a cross section of the kiln taken on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a. perspective view of one end of the kiln.A

Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section taken on the line 4 4 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a cross section taken on the line 5 5 of Figs. 1 and 4.

Figs. 6 and 7 are cross and longitudinal sections of a unit chamber, showing the use of a mui'lie.

The main body of the kiln 1 is constructed of such length as may be desired, with the arched roof 2 for the kiln proper, and divided into sectional units by blank walls 3 built solidly across the kiln vchamber and closing it up at one end. The sectional units in addition to being arranged lengthwise are also arranged side by side with the main central flue between them, as will be described, so that a continuous kiln is provided.

Along each side of the bodyv of the kiln Aare arranged the furnaces 5, 5, with the grates 6. The arch 2 of the kiln runs down in a curve to these furnaces, and each of the furnaces is provided with a curved bag wall 7 to discharge the heat from the furnaces upwardly through the opening 8. Each of these furnaces is provided with an ash pit 9 and ash pit opening 10,and in order to supply additional air for the products of combustion I provide for each of these furnaces an air passage 12 opening at 13 at the back of each furnace, passing underneath the ash pit and upwardly between the furnaces and opening outwardly at 14 through the side wall. The entrance holes 14 are closed with loose brick, or any other means, when it is desired to use a chamber in advance of one which is not being fired. Between each pair of furnaces I provide a doorway 15 into the kiln, opening into the central portion for each unit and a doorway 15a into the end passages. For the front end of the entire kiln I also provide a series of furnaces 16 and these end furnaces discharge the heated products of combustion through a honeycombed wall 17 and into the first chamber of the kiln.

Opening downwardly through the floor of the kiln, preferably across the middle and rnear each end of the unit chamber, are a series of down draft openings 18, which open underneath the kiln floor into longitudinal air passages 19, which in turn open into a transverse hot air liuc 20 leading into the main flue 21 which extends longitudinally of the kiln midway between the kiln sections on each side, and into which all of the iiues open and thence to the smoke stack. Each of the transverse flues is provided with a damper 23 with which the flue outlet can be controlled, and the various flues may thus beshut off or open depending on the number of unit chambers in operation.

Above the body of the kiln is the superstructure 24 for the reception and storage of coal. This superstructure is provided with a ioor 25, side walls 26, roof 28 and windows 27 in the side walls of suliicient number to furnish ample light and air. The floor is provided with a series of suitable passageways 29 opening downwardly through the arch 2 of the kiln proper.

In the floor of each unit chamber layers of brick 31 ,are provided with channels 32, 32,' running longitudinally and crosswise in the floor of the chamber formed by the layers of brick, and these channels are arranged directly under the openings 29 through the arched roof, so that they shall receive the fuel preferably in powdered form that is delivered through the openings.

Each unit chamber is thus formed with a front honey-combed' wall and a back closed or solid wall, with the end chamber provided with furnaces across the end as well as along both sides, and each of the units is separated by a hot air passage 34 between the blank or back wall 3 and the honeycombed wall 17 of the next succeeding unit chamber. These passages 34 are passages which correspond t0 the passages 20 except that they are at the end of each unit kiln instead of in the center, and they extend upward and are open between the blank wall 3 and the honeycombed wall 17. These passages have door` ways as above set forth, which are closed during the burning in the same way that the doorways 15 are closed.

As many units are constructed in a longltudinal series as desired, and that the kiln may be continuous a similar series are constructed parallel `to the first set, with the main flue 21Y between them. At the ends these kilns are connected directly across by underground passages, so as to carry the heat from one lside to the other, land thus to provide an endless circle of unit cham bers with any number or all in use at the same time.`

The construction is also peculiarly well vadapted for the use of a muflie, as illustrated in Figs. and 7, whichcanbe built directly 1n the umt chamber.- Such a muile is shown at 40`in Fig. 6. `Vhen a Inutile isto .be constructed, the bag walls for the furnaces art removed as the wall of the muille 40 takes the place of the bagwalls and the down flues 18 are provided with chimneys 41, 41 at each end, and if desired chimneys also be built through the muflie, from the central draft openings. The oor of the muiiie will cover the fuel channels and the chimneys 41 willvbe built inside the muffle and extend through the arched roof thereof so that ample down draft will be provides for uniformly heating the Inutile. In ordery to support the muflle structure, brace walls 42 are built between themain wall of the kiln andthe wall of the muiiie at suitable intervals. Y

The operation of the kiln will be evident from the foregoingJ description. l

As I have said, as Vmany of the unit chambers will bev built for the full capacity of the plant, and additional chambers can 'be added as desired. When not running at full capacity, one of the chambers alone can be utilized, or aspmany othersas may be required. The kiln being charged through the doorways, they will be closed Vand a tire started in the furnaces.r If two or more of the unit chambers are to be utilized, the tires for the first unit chamber arestarted, and the products of combustion pass downwardly, entering at the side up along Vthe curved arch and downwardlyl through the furnaces any kind o'f fuel may be used, oil

or gas, and vby confining the heat to one chamber a Very high temperature maybe attained. The ldraft is altogether a down draft and by means of the dampers the course of the draft may be completely regulated and controlled. For each of. the hot air passages 34 between the units, I provide for the deposit of fuel through theopenings 29 which are arranged; over these passageways, and thus a higher degree of temperature can be attained in the succeedingchambers. It will be seen that heat is supplied for each unit Afrom both sides, and the end of the chamber with all the heat is thrown downwardly from the arched roof`l and passes out through the bottom underneath the kiln, and that this heat can be fully utilized for preliminarilyl heating the succeeding units. scribed construction, everything can be accomplished in connection `with heat control and theburning and glazing of material that can be accomplished in any ordinary or Thus with my above de-V specially designed kiln, and that by reason of the construction in series, the unit chambers can be fired and the heat maintained with the greatest economy.

As of course changes-could be made in the particular construction illustrated and the principles of the design and operation could have widely different embodiments without departing from the spirit of my inventon, it is to be understood that the accompanyng drawings and description shall be treated as illustrative and not as limiting the particular construction to that shown.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. AA kiln of the character described, comprising a series of heating chambers, with a solid wall dividing the chambers from each other, a main flue for the products of combustion common to all the chambers, with furnaces along the side of the kiln opening into their respective chambers and passages opening downwardly through the floor of each chamber, with transverse passages underneath the floor connecting with the main flue, for the purpose described.

2. A kiln of the character described, comprising a series of heating chambers, with a solid wall dividing the chambers from each other, a main flue for the products of combustion common to all the chambers, with furnaces along the side of the kiln opening into their respective chambers and passages opening downwardly through the floor of each chamber, with transverse passages underneath the floor connecting with the main flue, and a perforated wall for each chamber at the opposite end from the solid wall, forming an entrance chamber with the adjacent solid wall, with the underground flue passages connected therewith.

3. A kiln of the character described, comprising a series of heating chambers with a solid wall dividing the chambers from each other, a main Hue for the products of combustion common to all of the chambers, with furnaces along the side of the kiln opening into their respective chambers, and curved bag walls therefor to direct the products of combustion into the upper portion of the chamber, and passages opening downwardly through the floor of each chamber, with transverse passages underneath the fioor connecting with the main flue.

4. A kiln of the character described, comprising a series of heating chambers with a solid wall dividing the chambers from each other, a main flue for the products of combustion common to all of the chambers, with furnaces along the side of the kiln opening into their respective chambers, and curved bag walls therefor to direct the products of combustion into the upper portion of the chamber, and passages opening downwardly through the floor of each chamber, with transverse passages underneath the oor connecting with the main Hue, and a perforated wall for each chamber at the opposite end from the solid wall, forming an entrance chamber with the adjacent solid Wall, with the underground flue passages connected therewith.

5. A kiln of the character described, comprising a series of heating chambers with a solid wall dividing the chambers from each other, a main flue for the products of combustion common to al1 of the chambers, with furnaces along the side of the kiln opening into their respective chambers, and curved bag walls therefor to direct the products of combustion into the upper portion of the chamber, a superstructure for the kiln running lengthwise of all of the chambers, with fuel passages therefrom opening downwardly through the roof of each chamber to distribute additional fuel into the respective chambers, and passages opening downwardly through the floor of each chamber, with transverse passages underneath the floor connecting with the main flue.

6. A kiln of the character described, comprising a series of heating chambers, with a solid wall dividing the chambers from each other, said chambers arranged in lengthwise series, with the series in pairs, a main fine for the products of combustion common to all the chambers, extending midway between the two series, with furnaces along the kiln opening into their respective chambers and passages opening downwardly through the floor of each chamber, with transverse passages underneath the floor connecting with the main flue, for the purpose described.

7. A kiln of the character described, comprising a series of heating chambers, with a solid wall dividing the chambers from each other, said chambers arranged in lengthwise series, with the series in pairs, a main flue for the products of combustion common to all the chambers extending midway between the two series, with furnaces along the kiln opening in to their respective chambers and passages opening downwardly through the oor of each chamber, with transverse passages underneath the floor connecting with the main flue, and a perforated wall for each chamber at the opposite end from the solid Wall, forming an entrance chamber with the adjacent solid Wall, with the underground flue passages connected therewith.

HENRY WEBSTER.

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