US1376963A - Process of uniting alloy steel to carbon steel - Google Patents

Description

0. L. MILLS.

PROCESS OF UNlTlNG ALLOY STEEL T0 CA RBON STEEL. APPLICATION FILED ocr. 10, 1919.

1,37 ,9 3, L Patented May 3,1921

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

OSCAR L. MILLS, OF EASTON, PENNSYLVANIA.

PROCESS OF UNITING ALLOY STEEL '10 CARBON STEEL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed October 10, 1919; Serial No. 329,750.

ing qualities, such as hardness, toughness and the like, which render them superior to 7 high grades of carbon steel in the manufacture of articles intended for a wide variety of uses. On the other hand, such alloy steels are relatively very expensive, and in the manufacture of various articles, especially those of which only a small part is exposed to excessive wear or wherein it is necessary for only the surface of the article to have the superior uality sought, it is uneconomical to manu acture the entire article from an expensive alloy, In these cases, and also in any case wherein it is desirable that the body of the article should be composed of carbon steel, efforts have been made electrically, with unsatisfactory results, to apply a permanent superficial coating of alloy steel to ordinary carbon steel or to integrall secure to a body of carbon steel a wearing part of alloy steel.

A known method of procedure is by electric welding with as one electrode. This method has certain pronounced advantages, but it is open to serious objection. As is well known, alloy steel usually has a substantially lower melting point than low carbonjsteel, and hence, during the passage of the current, the steel alloy melts and flows over the surface of the carbonsteel before the latter can be raised to the melting temperature. The result is that the adhesion between the carbon steel and the steel alloy is imperfect and in actual use the connection between the two is apt to be ruptured, thus destroying the utility of the compound article.

The object of my invention is to devise a process wherein,.by the aid of the electric welding, a body of alloy steel, or other alloyed metal, in the shape of a superficial coating for an article of iron, steel, or other an alloy steel rod used.

metal body having a higher melting point than the alloyed metal, or as a distinctive Patented May 3,1921.

part or element of the complete article, may

be as securely united to said body as in the case of the welding together of two' pieces of metal of the same meltingpoint, whereby the alloyed metal will be integrall and permanently united to said body. c1fically, the process involves the manufacture of the alloyed metal coincidentally with the welding thereof to said body, as hereinafter more specifically detailed.

In the drawings, which are illustrative of a preferred way of uniting an alloy steel to a body of low carbon steel:

Figure 1 is a side view showing diagramore spematically a way of carrying outmy process.

Fig. 2 is a view showing the process. of making the compound rod or pencil used in my process.

Fig. 8 is'an enlargedcross-sectional view of such rod.

I first proceed to manufacture, by casting, rolling, or otherwise, a rod a. I prefer to manufacture this rod of steel low in carbon and therefore with a high melting point. V

The said rod is then inclosed in a body:

of material I) composed of the metal or metals which it is desired to incorporate -with the steel to form the alloy steel, thus forming a rod or electrode of which the rod a constitutes the core.

I prefer to manufacture the compound.

rod by reducing the metal or metals 7) to a finely divided condition, impregnating them with linseed oil or another suitable binder,

spreading the impregnated mass on a wrapper a of linen or other fabric, inclosing the core a with the alloys and their wrapper, andbaking, or in some cases air-drying, the same until the body 6 reaches the condition of a hard mass.

The compound rod a b is then brought close to the surface of the body of steel 61 to which the alloy steel is to be united, thesteel d and the rod a I) being connected to opposite poles of an electric circuit. A temperture sufiicient to melt the approximating end of the electrode also suffices to melt the approximating surface of the steel. The

steel core a and the alloying metals 6 melt and combine to 'form an alloy steel and as they melt they are projected upon a steel surface that has also become molten, thus causing an indissoluble union between the steel body and the alloy steel.

The invention is of course not limited to the manufacture of compound articles wherein the alloyed metal is of any particular composition, and therefore no attempt will be made to enumerate all the metals capable of use as alloys: As examples ma be mentioned manganese, nickel, cobal cromium, vanadium and tungsten, or two or more of these associated together. Such alloying metals will ordinarily be themselves alloys, as, for example, ferro-manganese, ferro-vanadium, etc.

Having now fully described my invention, what ll claim and desire to protect by Letters Patent is: v

1. The process of uniting a metal coating with the surface of a metal body, comprising the steps of coating a tape with a paste containing the alloying material in a finely divided state, wrapping the coated tape about a metal core with the coated sidein contact with the core to form an electrode, then drying the electrode, and then passing an electric current through the electrode and the metal to be coated, to fuse the end of the electrode and the surface of the metal body to be coated to unite the fused alloy with the fused surface of the metal body.

2. The process of making electrodes for uniting with a metal body, comprising the steps of coatin a tape with a paste containing finely dlvided alloying metals, wrapping said tape about a metal core to form the electrode, and then drying the electrode.

3. The process of making electrodes for uniting with a metal body, comprising the steps of making a paste of linseed oil and finely divided alloying metals, evenly spreading the paste on an insulating tape, then wrapping the tape about a metal core to form an electrode, and then drying the electrode.

4. An electrode comprising a steel core, an

even coating of alloying materialmixed with linseed oil, and an outer covering of tape.

5. An electrode comprising a low carbon steel core with a high melting point, an even coating of alloying material mixed with linseed oil, and an outer covering of tape.

In testimony of which invention, 1 have hereunto set my hand, at Philadelphia, Pa,

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