US1375082A - Alloy - Google Patents

Description

. 1,3 7 5,08 2 I Specification of Iiette rs Patent.

ito Drawing.

- make the alloy highly desirable for usein- .the fabrication of. articles that may be used -molybdenum.

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To all whom it concern." v

Be'it kn 'wn that I, ALVAH CLEMENT, a citizen of the United States, residing at of Cuyahoga and Cleveland in the county State of hio, have invented .a' certain new and useful Improvement in Alloys, of which the-following is a full, clear, and exact. de-

scription. I a

The purpose and object of the invention about to be. described is the production of an alloy which shall embody qualities that in the handling of corrosive liquids such as acids, and whlch shall; at the same time possess physical properties which permit it to be easily worked, machined, and other- Wise manipulated in the fabrication of articles by .tools and methods which are at present employed in .working metals.

The proposed alloy further possesses properties which-make it valuable for use as an electrical resistance element, the alloy. being high inits specific resistance, at the same time possessing the physical properties of ductility and malleability which permits of its being Wire form.

Generally speaking, the invention com-- prises the elements set forth in the accompanying claims.

a The alloy herein proposed, in its broadest aspect comprises an allo of nickel and Both of .t ese elements in their metallic-state have acid resisting properties, and when they are combined in the form of an alloy the resisting properties are enhanced.

The proportions of nickel and molybdenum whichmay be used for the purpose, may be varied through a wide range, but because. of the high price of metallic molybdenum, or the source from which molybdenum may be'obtained for alloying purposes,

it is desirable to use in the alloy as high a percentage I of nickel as possible without sacrificing the desired qualities in the alloy.

. An alloy consisting ofsubstantially 90 of nickel and substantially 10 per cent, ofv

molybdenumis the best alloy for the purpose desired. However, in View of the fact that molybdenum alloyed with iron is easier and clieaer to obtain than the pure molybdenum, an alloy of percent. nickel, 10

per cent. molybdenum and 10 per cent. iron Application fled-August 15, 1918. Serial no. 249,950.

rolled into sheets or drawn into final alloy.

slum thus added, imparts tothe final alloy, I

iron. v

TThe alloy which has been described, pose sesses the physical properties ofductility,

high tensile strength, and is easily machin- A coaromfrron or 01110. 1

Patented 19', 1921'.

THE CLEVELAND imliiss 1 v will produce very satisfactoryresults, and forms. a"very diluent and useful-alloy for the purposes desired.

In the making of the alloy, a is desirable, 7 1

however, to utilize certain other elements for propertles wh ch they impart to the alloy, and for this reason I have foundit desirable to. such an extent as wil appear alloy from';} to of 1' percent. a I a so find t advisable to use some mangatouse silicon in the p-ro"ortion of the alloy in the final V ss nese, this being small however, notless than The silicon increases the fluidity of the substantially of 1% but not exceeding -of 1 per cent.

alloythereby increasing the ease with which.

it may be handled during: the pouring. Th

manganese tends to increase -the tensile strength. The manganese, however, must be kept low'inorder not to counteract other desirable qualitles in thealloy, to wit, malle'- ability and ductility It lsdesirable to add-to the alloy at' the time the nickel is melting a 'verysmall amount of magnesium, less than 1 per cent, the amount of magnesium being so small that it does not appearin' an The small am'ountof magnephysical properties which enhance its-workability, such as wiring and drawin p Itmay'be desirable also, to ad ll ajvery small-quantity of vanadium to 'act as a scavenger, to clear the structure and give a good grain to the alloy. i

In using silicon and manganese, or any'of analysis of the the other elements mentioned, the amount of elements being ad able. The alloy is resistant to corrosive liquids "such as certain acids, particularly cold dilute sulfuric, nitric and hydrochloric approximately 200 Fahrenheit.

above, cobalt may be used in place of nickel,

' nickel and molybdenum in the final alloy will be kept as hi h as possible,the' other ed at the expense Of 5 and in, the case of articles-whichmay be made to use in connection with the handling of dilute hydrochloric acid,- an alloy as above' specified, in which cobalt i5 substi tuted for the nickel, is preferable.

Because of the machinabihty and other physical properties which have been mentioned, together with its resistance to corrosion by acids, such an alloy is h1ghlyadvantageous for use in the manufacture of containers,'p1pes, cocks, pumps, and "other articles which go to makeup equipment for I lead, z nc, copper or tin, and thus these elehandling acids asbefore specified.

In fact, the alloy is of general use for the fabricationof any article v where the property of resistance to corrosion of the dilute acids before mentioned is to be overcome.

An alloy of nickel and molybdenum, or cob'altmolybdenum? possesses certain properties which make it highly useful tobe' used as an electrical resistance. material.

The ductility of the alloy permits its readily being rolled into sheets or drawn into wire,

which are physical properties necessary in making electrical resistance material.

: Furthermore, the alloy hasfhigh specific resistance which makes it a good resistance element for heating purposes; An'alloy of molybdenum with nickel or cobalt and iron 'in the proportions which have heretofore been mentioned, .may' alsobe advantageously iisedas an electrical resistance element.

In'the use of the alloy in this connection,

theiamoun't of manganese utilized would be 5 slightly higher than that which" here toforle'; been "specified.

" In an alloy of hi ki" and molybdenum,

magnanese to the extent of 3'o r l per cent. might be used. In "fact, manganese could be j used to as great an extent as possible, up to' the pointwhere it would afie'ct the malle ability and ductility of the final-alloy.

' In the event that an alloy. of; .nickel-or molybdenum and'iron is us.ed',-the-amount of manganese which could be employed would be less, probably from 1 5m 2 pe'r cent. An alloy of nickel and molybdenum or nickel, molybdenum and'iron with manga'-- I nose for electrical resistance purposes, would be prepared by the addtion ofsmall amounts of :xna'gnesiumor aluminum to the metal when 1n melted condition, the'addition of magnesium increasing the workability, that is to say, theproperties of easy rolling and I drawing, and both elements being easily i I .oxidizable' form a protecting film of oxid,

thus. preventing further oxidization'of the alloy; 1 I

In using the'alloys for electrical resistance I J purposes, the silicon employed might be slightly higher than that which was men- I t'ioned in the earlier part of the specification} y but also assists. in preventing oxidization of The'silicon not only increases the resistance,

he alloy when used as. an electrical .resistance element...

- Theioregoing'alloys molybdenum and nickel,- or cobalt, and'of molybdenum, iron 'revaoee dization at moderate temperatures, which and nickel,or cobalt, beingsubject'tooxioxids are largely composed ofmolybde'n'um oxid. This oxid forms a resistantcoatlng' andI have found that the alloy is available for' use for making .or linin vessels or pots in which brass,.bronze, or orms of ferrousmetals are heated.

,The alloy is not attacked ali'e'cted by melted or handled while in heated melted state in vessels composed of the, alloys hereinproposed without corrosion of the vessel. 5

Doubtless other uses may found for .ments or combinations of them may be particular properties in- 7 Having described my'invention I claim 1. An alloy containingas its principal ingredients-molybdenum and a metal havingthe properties of nickel and cobalt together greater than 4%. I

2. :An alloy conta manganese.

not greater than 90 :per cent. and a metal having the properties of manganese in amount not-less than substantially of 1% but not greater than 4 per cent.

i ing as its principal ingredients molybdenum and a metal having the properties of nickel and cobalt together with an element having the properties of with an appreciable amount of manganese, the manganese, be1ng\npresent in'amounts not.

4. An alloy contalning'as-its principal in gredient's molybdenum, in amount 'not greater than 10 per cent.,'a metal having the properties of nickel andcobalt in amount from 80 to 90 per cent. and a metal having the properties of manganese in amount not less than substantially of 1% but not greater than 4 per cent.

5. An alloy containing substantially 80 per cent. of a metal having the properties of nickel and cobalt,".substantially 10- per' cent of molybdenum, substantiallyf th per .cent..to 4 per cent. of'mangan th mainder of iron. v

In testimony whereof,I hereunto affix my signature.

'ALviiH w. CLEMENT..