US1373789A - Revolving-jaw chuck - Google Patents

Description

w. A. BARKER.

REVOLVING JAW CHUCK.

APPLICATION FILED NOV-191 19L). 1,373,789 Patented Apr. 5, 1921.

5 SHEETS-SHEET I.

Ear/3767 W. A. BARKER. REVOLVING .IAW CHUCK. APPLICATION FILED NOV-$9.191?)- 13373389: Patented Apr- 5, 1921.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

W. A. BARKER. REVOLVING JAW CHUCK. APPLICATION FILED NOV- 19. 1919.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3- Patented Apr. 5, 1921.

W. A. BARKER.

REVOLVING .IAW CHUCK.

APPLICATION mzo NOV. 19, 1919.

Patented Apr. 5, 1921.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

W. A. BARKER. REVOLVING JAW CHUCK. APPLICATION FILED NOV. 19, 1919.

1,373,789. Patented Apr. 5, 1921.

5 SHEETSSHEET, 5-

UNITED stares WENDELL A. BARKER, OF ELKHART, INDIANA.

REVOLVING-JAW CHUCK.

Application filed November 19, 1919. Serial No. 339,080.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WENDELL A. BARKER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Elkhart, in the county of Elkhart and State of Indiana, have'invented certain new and useful Improvements in Revolving-J aw Chucks, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in chucks of that general type wherein the workholding elements of the chuck are so designed and constructed that they may be moved bodily into and out of gripping engagement with the work, and may also be turned to a greater or less extent so as to bring'different surfaces of the work into position to be machined without the necessity of readjusting the work in the chuck aws. v

The general purposes or objects of-the present invention is to provide a chuck of the revolving jaw type equipped with improved means by which the workholding elements may be indexed by the simple manipulation of a hand lever, and when indexed to the desired extent shall be automatically locked in the new position.

Another object is to provide a chuck of the revolving jaw type wherein, through the use of interchangeableelements, which control and determine the extent of the indexing movement, the work-holding elements maybe indexed to practically any desired extent within limits of a few degrees.

A still further object of the invention is to provide, in combination with the indexing and locking mechanism, a manually operable actuating mechanism for said indexing mechanismbased upon the same principle of operation as that described in my former Patent No. 1,249,300, Dec. 11, 1917, for eifecting'the' in andout radial -mo vements of the jaws of a chuck either when the chuck is idle or when it is rotating.

Other more specific objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art as the same becomes better understood by reference to the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings, wherein I have illustrated one practical embodiment of the principle of the invention and in wh1ch Figure 1 is an elevation, partly in vertical section, of'a chuck having a pair of diametrically opposedjaws, showing my improved revolving workholders and their in- Specification of Letters Patent. Patented A131. 5, 1921.

dexing mechanism, and the means for actu atlng said indexing mechanism; the workholders being shown in locked position;

Fig. 2, is a similar view, showing the workholder unlocked and indexed to another position; i

Fig. 3 is a front elevation tion, of the parts shown in taken on line 3-3 of Fig.1.

Fig. 4; is a top view, looking downwardly on one'of the chuck jaws; Fig. 5 is a horizontal section taken on the line 55 of Fig. 1; 1

Fig. 6 is a detailed plan view of one of the notched indexing rings, designed to index the workholding elements of the jaws through one hundred and eighty degrees;

Fig. 7'. is a similar view of a substitute indexingring designed to index the work-' holders through ninety degrees; 7

Fig. 8 is a perspective detail of the index: ing pins and their actuating springs which cooperate with the rings shown in Figs. 6 and 7. v

Fig. 9 is a detail elevation of the revolving workholder or jaw clamp; and

Fig. 10 is a detail elevation, partly in vertical section, of a slidable member which 1 looks and unlocks the revoluble workholder and carries the indexing pins shown in detail in Fig. 8.

1 Referring to the drawings, 5 indicates a spindle of a lathe upon which the hub 6 of a chuck body designated generally by reference character 7 is threaded in the usual manner as. shown in Figs. 1 and 2. On the;

face of a chuck bodyare diametrically op;

posed pairs of radial slideways 8 (Figs. i and 5), ineach of which is, slidably mounted'a hollow j awcast-ing'designated as an entirety by 9. These jaw castings are actuated toward and from the axial line of the chuck body by a mechanism substantially I like that described in my'former Patent 1,2d9,300,- aforesaid. Briefly describing this mechanism, surrounding the hub '6 of the chuck body is rotatably mounted a cam disk 10 in the face of which are a pair of cam grooves 11 thatare engaged by rollers 12 mounted on studs 13 whlch are tapped into the jaw castings 9 as clearly shown in Figs. I i

1 and 2, whereby a turning movement of the cam disk 10 1n one direction moves the cam aws outwardly, and a turning movement of said disk in the opposite direction moves the cam jaws inwardly. On the hub suitable means to the outer end of the chuck hub 6 so as to rotate therewith. The gear 15 has a sleeve extension 17 on which and on the hub of the cam disk 10 just for-' wardly of the gear 14, is rotatably mounted a gear cage comprising a pair of rings 18 and 19 that are integrally spaced and connected by crossbars. In this gear cage are mounted on pins 20 four pairs of planet gears, each pair consisting of a gear 21 meshin with the gear 15 andagear 22 meshing witi the cam gear 14, said gears 21 and 22 being independently journaledon the bearing pin 20. 23 designates a stationary annular rear wall, the inner periphery of which fits over a short hub 24: on the cage ring 18. The outer periphery of the stationary wall 23 is formed as a forwardly extending internal gear 26 meshing with the planet gears 21. Mounted with capacity for a turning movement on the cage ring 19 is a ring, 27 provided on its upper side with a radially projecting handle 28 by which said ring can be manually turned in either direction. On the inner periphery of the ring 27 is an internal gear 29 of the same size and number. of teeth as the internal gear 26 and meshing with the planet gear 22.

A clamping nut or ring 30 is threaded on to the. rear end of the chuck hub 6 to pre-' vent accidental escape of the key 16 and to assist in uniting the parts and steadying the construction. Assuming now that the chuck is rotating, the gear 15 will be rotated with the hub 6 of the chuck and by reason of the intermeshing relation of the planet gears 21 with the rotating gear 15 and the stationary internal gear 26, the gear cage will be rotated inv the same direction as the chuck but at a slower speed. As the gear cage rotates, carrying with it the planet gears 22, each of which meshes with the cam gear 14 and the internal gear 29 which normally is stationary relatively-to the internal gear 26, the cam disk 10 will be rotated in the same direction as the chuck and at the same speed. Since the jaw operating studs 13 are carried around by the chuck in the same direction and at the same speed as the cam disk, it is mani fest that no relative movement cam disk and the studs takes place, and consequently the jaws remain stationary relatively to the chuck body. When it is desired to open or close the chuck jaws, the handle 28 is swung toward or from the operator. This, through the internal gear 29 either accelerates or retards the bodily travel of the planet gears 22, as a result of which a-relative turning movement of the cam disk 10 either faster or slower than the between the flange 25 on which is formed an turning movement of the chuck body is set up, in consequence of which, through the action of the cam groove 11 on the rollers or followers 12, the jaws are moved in wardly or outwardly during the swinging movement of the handle 28. At the conclusion of such swingingmovement, the

jaws at once become stationary relatively to the chuck body.

actuating the indexing mechanism of the revolving workholders or clamps mounted in and carried by the radially movable aws of the chuck, and this actuating mechanism will next be described.

Referring to igs. 1 and 2, 31 designates a ring gear of the same size and number-of teeth as the gears 14 and-15 and revolubly.

ofmy mecha-I like that disclosed patent above referred to,-

mounted on the hub 6 between the latter. This gear 31 meshes with planet gears 32 which are journaled on the pins 20 between the planet gears 21 and 22. These planet gears 32 in turn mesh with an internal gear 33 formed on a ring 341 which is mounted with capacity for turning movement on the stationary relative movement of the gear ring 31 to the same way that ma- 28 effects relative hub of the chuck in the nipulation of the handle movement of the cam disk 10 to the hub of the chuck. Integral with the ring 31 is a annular rear wall 23, and is pro- ,Vlded on its upper side with a radially pro- 35, by which said ring'can handle 35 is swung in one direc sleeve 36 that has-extended bearings on'thef hub 6 of the chuck and lies betweenthe lat ter and the hub of the cam disk 10; The

free end of the sleeve 36 is formed as a gear ring 37 ,best'shown in Fig. 5.

luble elements of the chuck jaws, which I clamps, 38 designates a'circular disk or plate that slidably fits the inner wall of the lower portion of the hollow jaw casting 9 and is formed on its lower face with a jdiametric groove or channel 39 designed to receive the false jaws usually. employed in revolving jaw chucks for engaging with the work. On

, 12o Passing now to a description of the revohave termed the revoluble workholders or and preferably integral with the plate or disk 38 is a central vertical stem comprising a lower portion 40, an intermediate reduced portion 41 providing an annular shoulder 42 (Fig. 9) at the upper end of the lower portion 40, and an upper reduced'threaded a portion 43. On the disk 38 is an upstanding circular flange 44, on the upper edge of which are formed a circular row of substantially rectangular teeth 45. Inthe flange 44 are a series, herein shown as four, of oblique slots 46 extending from the uppertoothed edge of the flange to approximately its midheight, andall being inclined in the same direction. This-member shown in isolated detail in Fi 9 is rotatably mounted within the hollow aw casting9; the intermediate portion 41 of its stem being journaled in a bearing sleeve 47 that is externallythreaded ingiil.

urroundmg. the circular flange 44 is a wide gear ring 52, which meshes with and is.

driven by the large gear ring 37, as most clearly shown in Fig. 5. This ring carries four inwardly projecting radial studs 53- which lie within the oblique slots .46 of the flange 44. Within the flange 44 and nonrotably and removably secured thereto by a pair of oppositely disposed pins or studs 54, is an indexing ring 55, shown in detail in Figs. 6 and 7. This. rin has on its inner periphery a groove or c annel 56 formed with an oblique upper wall, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. This ring is further provided with a plurality of vertical notches 57 extending from the upper side of the ring through the upper wall of the groove or channel 56. These indexing rings constitute removable and interchangeable elements of the machine, and the notches 57 may be spaced',within practical limits, any where from five degrees to one hundred and. eighty degrees apart, dependingupo'n the angular extent to which any given piece of work may require to be indexed. In 'Fig. 6 I have shown the ring equipped with a pair of notches 57 located one hundred and eighty degrees apart. 'In Fig. 7 I have shown the ring equipped with four notches 57 located ninety degrees apart. Obviously, other rings may be used having notches spaced five degrees or any multiple offive degrees apart. The spacing of these notches determines the angular extent to which the work isindexed at each indexing operation.

mounted on the lower portion 40 of the Within the aw-housing and lying mainly.

within the flange 44 of the work-clamp or jaw is a; device which has the function of locking the work-clamp or jaw in anyposition-to which' it may have been indexed.

This device is shown in isolated detail in Fig. 10, and comprises the following'parts,

58 designatesfa' cup shapedmember having 4 a central aperture 59 by which it is slidably i i stem of the revoluble work clamphorjaw."

The device 58 is provided on its upper edge with a radial flange. 60 that, in the lowermost position of the device, overlaps the up per edge of the large gear ring 52, as clearly shown. in Fig. 1. the under .sideofthe flange 60 is an annular row of depending gearteeth 61 that cooperate with the gear teeth 45 of theflange 44 in a manner hereinafter described. A coil spring 62 surrounding the lower portion4O of thestem of the'revoluble jaw and, confined endwise between the thrust bearing 51 and the bot I tom of the cup shaped member 58 normally urges the latter toward its lowermost position shown in Fig. 1. The base-ofthe cup shaped member 58 is formed with a pair ofoppositely disposed slideways 63, and. with anannular groove 64 in the wall of the cen; tral hole 59. Within theslideways 63; .are

'mounted'apairof pins 65, shown iniiso lateddetail in Fig. 8, these pins 65 having of the jaw shown in Fig.1 liein thegroove or channel 56 of the'ring 55, and in the un-- locked position of the jaw shown in Fig. 2 rest pointed ends 65 that,in'the locked'position I upon the upper side. of said ring. The pins I 65 are connected and normally urged out wardly by an elastic spring ring 66 that is I j seated in the annular groove 64. Tapped into the flange 60 of the locking member 58 are a series of vertical pins 67 that slidably engage with vertical holes in the upper portion of the a-w casting, as clearly shown in I Fig. 3, to hold the locking member 58jnon rotatable, while permitting a limited outward and inward movement thereof.

Describing the operation of the complete f apparatus,-when a piece of work is to be placed in the jaws of the chuck, false jaws (not shown) if necessitated; by the size of the work, are fitted-in the cross groovesor channels, 39 of the revoluble jaw, and the 11 handle 28 is swung inthe proper direction Inent of the jaws upon-the work. This may to effect an inward or work-clamping move- I be done eitherwhen the chuck is idle or.

the work presented to the cutting tool of" the lathe has been sufficiently machined, and

when it is rotating. When the surface of j it is desired to machine another surface of thework, the handles35is pushed in a clirection from the observer viewing Fig.1, andthls causes a rotation of the gear rings;

. 37 and'52 in;a direction toward the oh;

' In practice, an adjustment of approximately server at the point where said-gears mesh. As the gear ring 52' rotates, the pins or studs 53 carried thereby ride upwardly in the'cam slots 46 of the flange le, thereby causing the ring 52 to rise bodily and carry? with it the locking member 58 to release position, 'this position of the parts being shown in Fig. '2. As the locking member 58 rises,'compressing the spring 62, the sliding pins 65 are forced inwardly by reason of the inclined upper side of the annular groove 56 of the ring '55 until, when the points of said-pins have passed'abo've' the ring 55, the spring 66 forces them out wardly into overlapping relation with the ring 55, as shown in Fig. 2. The revolving jaw is now unlocked, and read to'be indexed to the next 'position. T is is done by swinging the handle lever 35 in the opposite direction 'or toward the observer viewing Fig; 1, which sets up a rotation of i ends 65 of the pins 65. The ends of the" said pins thereupon drop into and through the notches 57, and this lowers the locking device 58 to a point at which theupper row of teeth 61 come to rest upon thelower row of teeth 45; and thereupon a' slight additional rotation "of the jaw brings'the lower teeth 45 into full register with the spaces between the upper teeth 61, and the locking" device drops slightly farther to a point at which the two rows of teeth are fully interlocked and the points 65' of the pins 65 lie on the bottom wall of the annular groove or channel 56 slightly beyond the notches 57 through which they' dropped. If the ring 55 has only a pair of indexing notches '57,

as shown in Fig. 6, the work will be in-' dexed through onehalf a revolution, or one hundred and eighty degrees. If the ring has four indexing notches spaced ninety degrees apart, as shownin Fig. 7 the'jaw will shownQit is practical to employ indexing bearing sleeve 47 for the revoluble jaw is to make a small allowance for adjustment to correct any mismeasurement in making the false jaws to fit thepiece to be'mach'ined.

one fourth of an inch is sufficient, and the adjustment is effected by loosening the lock nut 47', applying a spanner to the bearing sleeve 47, adjusting the latter inwardly or index the j V V modifications as fall within the be indexedthrough nlnetyfdegrees. With, the indexing andlocking mechanism herein outwardly to the required extent, andthenf tightening'up thelock-nut l7. V 1

From the foregoing it will be seenthat by the useof this invention, it is possible to rotate the work so as to bring a new stir-" face in position to beinac'hined by the sijmi plemanlpulation of thehandle lever 35mmwithout stopping the rotation of the spindle",

or chuck. So far as Iam' aware,fthere'has heretofore been no means foreffecting thisj'75 turning movement of the "revolublework" clamps or jaws except i t after the'chu'ck has been stopped anda 100k:-

bolt withdrawn, or a thumb 'latchpper zz j; V p by hand'to allow the 'work clam p a revolve. By the use of my" present inven tlon no wrench or other tool is required-to 'aws, nor is it evennecessaryto' stop the rotation of the chuck "Bymerely swinging the'handlelever 35in one dir'ec-" tion, the locking device of the 'ievolving"; jaw 1s retracted, and by then swinging the] 'sald handle'lever in the reverse direction the jaw is indexed to the required or desired I extent and automatlcally relocked in itsnewfQ position. j j j I From the foregoingfdescriptionit will be seen that in my present" invention I have) not onlyprovideda simple"and"e'flective means for indexing a pair of revol'uble ibs" chuck jaws through the manipulation of a single hand lever whether "the chuck be rotating or idle, butI' have also combined such a mechanism in a c'onvenient' manner with a lever operated 'mechanismfor 'effecting the radial worl'r-gripping and releasing" movements of the jaws substantially like that disclosed in my'former, patent above referred to, thereby extendingthe benefits and advantages of the jaw actuating mecha- 1 nism of the said patent to chucks of'the revolving jaw type.

It will be evident'to those skilled in the art that the specific mechanism herein shown and described may be modified and varied-l in detail withoutdeparting from the operative principle involvedor sacrificing any of the advantages inherent in the invention. Hence, I reserve all such variations and purview of the appended claims.

I claim I Y 1. In a chuck of the character described, the combination of a rotatable chuck body,

a radiallymovable aw housing mounted on 1720 said chuck body, a rotatable jaw mounted in said housing and formed with an annular row of teeth on its outer side, a locking member for said jawv shdablygmounted in 'said housing andv formed jwith an annular tatable'member mounted in said housing and 130 spirit and serving when turned in one direction to retract said locking member and when turned in the opposite direction to index said jaw to a new position, and manually operable means mounted on said chuck body for actuating said rotatable member in both directions.

2. In a chuck of the character described, the combination of a rotatable chuck body, a radially movable jaw housing mounted on said chuck body, a rotatable jaw mounted in said housing, a locking device for said jaw slidably mounted in said housing, a

spring normally urging said locking device into locking engagement with said jaw, a rotatable member'mounted in said housing and serving when turned in one direction to retract said locking device and when turned in the opposite direction to index said jaw to a new position, manually operable means mounted on said chuck body for actuating said rotatable member in both directions, and cooperating means carried by said jaw and said locking device serving to hold the latter inoperative during the indexing movement and to determine the extent of the indexing movement.

3. In a chuck of the character described, the combination of a rotatable chuck body, a hollow aw housing mounted on said chuck body, a rotatable jaw mounted in said housing, means for moving said housing radially of said chuck body, a rotatable gear ring surrounding and drivingly connected to said jaw, a sleeve rotatably mounted on said chuck body co-axially with the latter and formed on oneend with a gear ring meshing with said first-named gear rlng, and manually operable means mounted on said chuck, body for turning said sleeve.

4:. In a chuck of the character described, the combination of a rotatable chuck body, a hollow jaw housing mounted on said chuck body, a rotatable jaw mounted in said housing, means for moving said housing radially of said chuck body, a locking member for said jaw slidably mounted in said housing and movable into and out of locking engagement with said jaw, a rotatable gear ring surrounding said jaw, said gear ring when turned in one direction operating to retract, said locking member and when turned in v the opposite direction operating to index said jaw, a sleeve rotatably mounted on said chuck body co-axially with the latter and formed on one end with a gear ring meshing with said first-named gear ring, and manually operable means mounted on said chuck body for turning said sleeve.

5. In a chuck of the character described, the combination of a rotatable chuck body, a hollow jaw housing mounted on said chuck body, a rotatable jaw mounted in said housing and formed with an annular fiange pro slot, a locking member slidably mounted in said housing and formed with teeth adapted to interlockingly engage with the toothed upper edge of said flange and with a flange overlying said gear ring, a spring normally urging said locking member into locking position, and means mounted on said chuck body for actuating said gear ring in one direction to retract said locking member and in the opposite direction to' index said jaw to-a new position.

6. In a chuck of the character described,-

the combination of a rotatable chuck body, a hollow jaw housing mounted on said chuck body, a rotatable jaw mounted in said hous-' ing and formed with an annular flange provided with a cam slot and a toothed upper edge, a gear ring surrounding said flange and carryinga stud engaged with said cam slot, a locking member slidably mounted in said housing and formed with teeth adapted to interlockingly engage with the toothed edge of said flange and with a flange overlying said gear ring, a spring normally urging said locking member into locking .position, means mounted on said chuck body for actuating said gear ring in. one direction to retract said locking member and in the opposite direction to index said jaw to a new position, and cooperating means carried by said jaw and said locking device serving to hold'the latter inoperative during the indexing movement and to determine the extent of the indexing movement.

7. In a chuck of the character described, the combination of a hollow jaw housing, a jaw rotatably mounted in said housing and formed with an annular flange provided with a cam slot and toothed upper edge, a gear ring surrounding said flange and carrying a studengaged with said cam slot, a. j

locking member slidably mounted in said mounted in said locking device and having their outer ends lying in the groove of said indexing ring, said pins overlying and rest- 1 ing upon said indexlng ring when said lock- I ing device is retracted and cooperating with said notches to determine the extent of indexing movement of said jaw.

WENDELL A. BARKER.

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