US1362742A - Fuel-pump - Google Patents

Description

W. H. HOST.

FUEL PUMP.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 10, I918.

3 SHEETSSHEET P o 5: i a

WITNESSES: I INVENTOR w. H. HOST. FUEL PUMP.

APPLICATION FILED APR-10,1918.

1,362,742. Bdtented Dec. 21,1920.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

' M AW.

of fuel delivered may PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM H. BUST, 0F OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA.

FUEL-PUMP.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Dec, 21, 1920,

Application filed April 10, 1918. Serial No. 227,765.

To aZZ whom it may concern.

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM H. Rosr, a citizen of the United States, residing at Oakland, in the county of Alameda and State of California, have invented new and useful Improvements in Fuel-Pumps, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a fuel pump, and particularly to a fuel pum shown in my co-pending application erial Number 241,482, filed June 24, 1918, entitled Valve mechanism. 1

One of the objects of the present invention is to construct a simple, substantial fuel pump for delivering oil to the injecting valve or spray nozzle of an internal combustion engine, and in connection therewithto provide means for automatically or manually regulating the quantity of fuel d1scharged by the pump, so that a ratio between engme speed, load and the quantity be maintained. 'Another object of the invention is to provide a compensating piston whereby the variable discharge of the pump may be regulated, and in connection therewlth to provide means for manually reciprocating the compensating piston to permit it to serve as a priming pump. Another objectof the invention is to utilize the heated cooling water discharged from the engine cylinder jacket by conducting the same to a chamber in close proximity to the suction chamber of the fuel pump, thereby rendering the fuel more fluid and allowing a sensitive action of the valves. Further objects will hereinafter appear.

The invention consists of the parts and the construction and combination of parts as hereinafter more fully described and claimed, having reference to the accompa-' nying drawmgs, in which- Figure 1 is an end view of an internal combustion engine of the Diesel type, showing the application of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the adjustable stop which limits the movement of the compensating piston in the fuel pump.

Fig. 3 is a side elevation of same.

Fig. 4 is a central, longitudinal section through the fuel pump. j

Fig. 5 is a cross section on line 55 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged detail view of the hand lever connected with the compensating piston which permits'a reciprocal movement to be transmitted to the compensating piston,

meansof a spring 17. The plunger 10 is 'ward movement of the piston 13 is per- Fig. 7 is an enlarged detail view of the compensating piston and the intake valvecarried thereby.

Referring to the drawings in detail A indicates the main cylinder of an internal combustion engine of the Diesel type, 2

I the governor shaft, 3the governor, 4f the cam shaft, 5 the gears through which it is driven, 6 the air starting valve, 7 the fuel o 1l injecting valve, and 8 and 9 the respectlve rocker arms by which they are operated. In the operation of an engine of this type 1t is necessary :to deliver the fuel oil burnt by the engine to the fuel injecting valve 7 under hlgh pressure, the pressure generally employed varying in different instances from five hundred pounds to eight hundred pounds. The quantity or volume of oil dellvered to the fuel injecting valve and the pressure maintained are also of considerable importance, i. 6., the quantity of, oil dellvered to the valve should be proportional to engine speed and load.

A fuel pump, generally indicated at B, capable of performing these functions forms .the subject-matter of the present application and is constructed as follows: B indi- ,cates the pump housing, 10 a plunger piston entering a cylinder'chamber. 11 and extending through a stufling box 12, 13 a compensating piston,.14 an lnlet valve carried by the piston, and 15 an exhaust or discharge valve which isnormally held on a seat 16 by i in this instance connected with a piston cross-head 18, which is in turn reciproca'ted by means of an eccentric 19 secured on th governor shaft 2.

The compensating piston employed forms case and its construction and operation will be as follows: By referring to Figs. 4, 5 and 7 it will be seen that a limited downmitted. This downward movement is fixed or determined by a shoulder 20 and takes place when the plunger 10 moves to compress or discharge the oil received by the. cylinder chamber 11. The upward movement of the piston, however, takes place during the suction stroke of the plunger, but this upward movement is variable or adjustable and, therefore, permits the capacity of the cylinder chamber 11 to be increased or decreased or the volume discharged to be varied, The variable upward movement of one of the important features of the present ing piston, of course, determines the uantity of fuel admitted to the cylinder 0 amber 11 when the piston moves outward on the suction stroke. compensating piston should move clear up to the upper shoulder 25, as shown in Fig. 4, it can readily be seen'that the smallest' quantity of fuel possible to be handled by the pump would be received and that if the upward movement of the compensating piston was small or limited it would practically not leave the lower shoulder 20 and the largest. volume possible to be handled by the pump would be received. a

The upward movement of the piston is in the present instance both manually and automatically controlled, and this is accomplished in the following manner: Pivotally connected, as at 26', to the lower end of the compensating piston is a connecting rod 27 and pivotally mounted, as at 28, on an eccentric 29 is a bell-crank 30 to which the lower end of the connecting rod 27 is connected, as at 31. The upper end of the bellcrank is positioned in direct alinement with a stop rod 32 and the position of'the stop rod is in turn controlled bya rocker arm 33 which may be automatically operated by the governor 3 or manually operated from a controllin lever 34 and the link mechanism generally indicated at 35.

The manual operation, as stated, takes place when the controlling lever 34 is moved in the direction of arrow 0.. The controlling lever is in alinement with a notch 36 when the engine is stopped but is gradually moved in the direction of arrow at when the engine is in operation and when it is desired to regulate its speed; full speed being obtained when the lever is swung to the position shown in'Fig. 1. Forward movement of the lever causes a pin 37 carried thereby to engage a rocker arm 38, and as this arm is pivotally mounted and connected through the link 35 with a crank arm 39 controlling the position of an eccentric 40, it can readily be seen that turning movement of the eccentric will first force the lower end of the lever 33 to or away from the stop rod 32, i

in, this manner moving it to or away from the bell-crank 30 and thereby increasing or decreasing the upward movement of the compensating piston 13. The automatic a'djustment. of the stop rod takes place when For instance, if the* cylinder jacket.

the governor operates; that is, the collar 3 will move up and down on the governor shaft when the governor weights 3 are extended or contracted, thereby rocking the,

arm 33 and automatically controlling the position of the stop rod. The-quantity of fuel discharged from the pump and delivered to the fuel injecting valve is in this manner automatically regulated by the governor andmanually regulated by the lever 34 and the connected mechanism when the engine is started.

The arm 38 issecured on'the eccentric pin 40, while the arm 39 is pivotally mounted on a pin 41 carried by the'eccentrio' The movement of either arm will change the position of the stop rod 32 and it is obvious that either operation is equally sensitive and positive as far as the compensating piston V discharged by the pump but it may also be employed as a priming pump. This is accomplished' by extending the shaft 28, as at 30 is mounted and securing an arm or handle 50 on the outer end of the shaft. This handle may be rocked back and forth and this movement, when transmitted through the bell-crank 30 and the connecting rod 27, will naturally cause the com ensating piston to reciprocate and, there ore, act asa hand-operated priming pump whenever it is desired.

The oil handled by the pump is preferably admitted through a pipe 60 and .this oil when first entering is received in a chamber 61 from where it passes up through the compensating piston and the inlet Valve 14 into the cylinder chamber ll during the suc- 28 (seeFigi 6) upon which the bell-crank ably be heated to permit as sensitive an action of the pump valves as possible. This is accomplished by utilizing the heated cooling .water discharging from the engine This water is conducted to a 'acket 65 inclosing the suction chamber 61, t ereby rendering the fuel more fluid and allowing the sensitive action of the valves. 1 One of the chief features of this invention is the automatic control of the feed pump and the charge delivered thereby, through the medium of either the controlling lever or the engine governor operating to vary the capacity of the pump cylinder. 4

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is-.

1. A governing device comprising a housing provided with a pump chamber, a piston operable in connection therewith to force a fluid through the chamber, a reciprocally mounted governing piston exposed to the fluid adapted to move against a fixed stop when pressure isexerted on the fluid bythe pumping piston and against an adjustable stop when the pumping piston is on the suction stroke, and means for manually controlling the position of the adjustable stop, said means comprising a governor actuated crank arm, a pivotal mounting for said crank arm, an eccentric bearing supporting the pivotal mounting, and means for adjusting the position of the eccentric bearing.

2. A governing device comprising a housing provided with a pump chamber, a piston operable in connection therewith to force a fluid through the chamber, a reciprocally mounted governing piston exposed to the fluid adapted to move against a fixed stop when pressure is exerted on the fluid by the pumping piston and against an adjustable stop when the pumping piston is on the suction stroke, an inlet valve carried by the governingpiston communicating with the pump chamber, a discharging valve, a connecting rod pivotally attached at one end to the governing piston and at the opposite end to a crank arm, a suction chamber formed adjacent to'the inlet valve, means for heating said suction chamber and an adjustable stop engageable with t e crank arm..

the plunger, and manually controlled means for imparting a reciprocal movement to the governing piston.

4. The combination with a Diesel engine and a pump for delivering fuel thereto, of

a plunger reciprocally mounted in the pump and driven by the engine, means on the pump for varying the fuel charge delivered to the engine, said means comprising a governing piston reciprocally independent of the plunger, an adjusta 1e stop member adapted to limit the movement of the governing piston, a governor controlled mechanism' for automaticall moving the adjustablestop, and manna ly controlled means operable independent of the adjustable stop forregulating the movement of the governing piston.

5. The combination with a Diesel engine and a pump for delivering fuel thereto, of a plunger reciprocally mounted in the pump and driven by the engine, means on the pump for varyin the fuel charge delivered to the engine, sai means comprising a gov- 3. The combination with a Diesel engine operable independent of the adjustable stop for regulating the movement of the governingpiston, said manually controlled means adapted to impart a reciprocal movement to the governing piston. y

6. The combination with a Diesel engine and a pump for delivering fuel thereto, of a plunger reciprocally mounted in the pump and driven by the engine, means on the pump for varying the fuel charge delivered to the engine, said means comprising a governing piston reciprocally independent of the plunger, an adjustable stop member adapted to limit the movement of the governing piston, a governor controlled mechanlsm for automatically moving the adjustable stop, manually controlled means operable independent of the adjustable stop for regulating the movement of the governing piston, said manually controlled means comprising a crank arm, a link forming a connection between one end of the crank arm and the governing piston, a projection on the crank arm engageable with the adjustable stop, a pivotal mounting for the crank arm, an eccentric support for said pivotal mounting, and manually controlled means for turning said eccentric support.

7. A governing device for Diesel engines 100 comprising a housing provided with a pump chamber and a fuel supplying chamber, a plunger operable in connection with the pump chamber and reciprocally with relation thereto to force a fluid through the chamber, a reciprocally mounted governing piston interposed between the pump chamber and the fluid supplying chamber, a fixed stop adapted to limit the movement of the governing piston when pressure is exerted 110 on the fluid by the plunger, an adjustable stop adapted to limit the movement of the governing piston during the suction stroke, and an inlet valve carried by the governing piston, adapted to open and close communication between the pump chamber 'and the fluid supplying chamber.

8. A governing device for Diesel engines comprising a housing provided with a pump chamber and a fuel supplying chamber, a plunger operable in connection with the pump chamber and reciprocally with relation thereto to force a fluid through the chamber, a reciprocally mounted governing piston interposed between the pump chamber and the fluid supplying chamber, a fixed stop adapted to limit the movement of the governing piston when pressure is exerted on the fluid by the plunger, an adjustable stop adapted to limit the movement of theu governing piston during the suction stroke, an inlet valve carried by the governing piston, adapted to open and close communication between the pump chamber and the fluid supplying chamber, a discharge valve communicating with the pump chamber, and means actuated by a governor for automatically moving the adjustable stop.

9. A governing device for Diesel engines comprising a housing provided with a pump chamber and a fuel supplying chamber, a plunger operable in connection with the pump chamber and reciprocallywith relation thereto to force a fluid throughiithe chamber, a rec-iprocallymounted governing piston interposed between the pump chamber and the fiuid supplying chamber, a fixed stop adapted to limit the movement of the governing piston when pressure isexerted on the fluid by the plunger, an adjustable 'stop adapted to limit the movement of the governing piston during the suction stroke, an inletvalve carried by the governing piston, adapted to open and close communication betweenthe pump chamber and the fluid supplying chamber, a discharge valve communicating with the pump chamber, means actuated by a governor for automatically moving the adjustable stop, manually controlled means for further regulating the movement of the governing piston with relation to the adjustable stop, said means comprising a crank arm, a link forming a connection between one end of the crank arm and the governing piston, a projection on the crank arm engageable with the adjustable stop, a pivotal mounting for the crank arm, an eccentric supporting the pivotal mounting, and manually controlled means for turning the eccentric.

10. In an apparatus for delivering variable quantities of fuel to an internal combustion engine, a housing having a pump chamber and a suction chamber formed therein, a plunger communicating with the pump chamber, means for imparting a reciprocal movement thereto, and a governing piston interposed between the pump chamber and the suction chamber and movable independently of the plunger.

pump chamber, means for imparting a reciprocal movement thereto, a governing-piston interposed between the pump chamber and the suction chamber and movable independently of the plunger,-a seat member limiting the movement of the governing piston during the pressure stroke, and adjustable means limiting the movement of the governing piston in the opposite direction during the suction stroke. i

12. In an apparatus for delivering variable quantities of fuel to an internal combustion engine, a pump having a fuel inlet and a fuel outlet connected with the engine, a governing piston cooperating with the pump, said piston having a free reciprocal movement, but limited and engageable during the pressure stroke by a fixed stop, speed controlled means connected with the engine, and means actuated thereby for limiting the movement of the governing piston in an opposite direction only during the suction stroke.

-l3. In an apparatus for delivering vari able quantities of fuel to an internal combustion engine, a pump having a fuel inlet and a fuel outlet connected with the engine, a governing piston cooperating with. the pump, said piston having a free reciprocal movement, but limited and engageable during the pressure stroke by a fixed stop, a governor-driven by the engine, and means actuated thereby for limiting the movement of the governing piston in an opposite direction only during the. suction stroke, said means relieving'the governor of resistance during the pressure stroke.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

WILLIAM ROST.

Witnesses: J OHN H. HERRING,

W. W. HEALEY.

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