US1358861A - Furnage - Google Patents

Description

C. M. LYMAN AND F. R. BUTTERS.

FURNACE.

APPLICATIION FILED JULY 12, 1918.

1 ,358 ,861 I Patented Nov. 16, 1920.

3 SHEETS-SHEET I.

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l3 INVENTORS By MMMQ.64-m/m W &W

A TTORN E YS.

C. M. LYMAN AND F. R. BUTTERS.

FURNACE.

APPLICATION men JULY 12, 1918.

1,358,86 1. 4 Patented Nov. 16; 1920.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

IN VEN TOR5 A TTORNE YS C. M. LYMAN AND F. R. BUTTERS.

FURNACE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 12, 1918.

Patented Nov. 16, 1920.

SHEETS-SHEET 3.

mm am A TTOR/VE Y5 UNITED STATES cI aRENc PATENT OFFICE.

E M. LYMAN, OF NEW HARTFORD, AND FREDERICK R. B UTTE RS, 0F UTICA,

NEW YORK, AssIGNoRs TO rivraanerronan nnnrnn 'c'oMPANY, or UTICA, NEW

YORK, n CORPORATION.

FURNACE.

ence being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the reference-nun1erals marked thereon, which form part of this specification. 4

Our present invention relates to warm-air furnaces and more particularly to those known asdouble jacket furnaces.

The purpose of our invention is to provide a warnrair furnace of the double jacket type, and particularly to provide one which is simple and durable in construction and practical and efiicient in operation.

Another of this invention is provide a double jacket furnace that is improvement over the common pipeless one-pipe form now used.

To obviate the disadvantages of the socalled One-pipe. or pipeless type of inrnaces and at the same time retain all the essential advantages of the double jacket or two casing type the main purpose of our i vention. e accomplish these results by pro.v iding a warm-air pipe and a coldair pipe which are entirely separate and independent nem' each other and thus admit of placing their respective registers a suilicient distance apart to efiectthe circulation desired. At the same time the construction of the heating unit is such that the cold air pipe leads to and the warmair pipe leadsfrom the top 01": the casings, whereby the structural advantages of the double jacket furnace are retained. Furthermore the passageways provided for the descending cold air and ascending warm air are sufiiciently direct or near enough to perpendicular to attain the strong action and heating efiiciency incident to the double casing type of furnace.

Still another object of this invention is to provide a warm-air heating unit otthe Specification of Letters Patent. Patented N 16 1920 Application filed July 12, 1918.

Serial No. 244,669.

character described which has special features of simplicity in construction and installation combined with efficiency as a heating system.

Another objection that has been urged to the pipeles s or one-pipe type oliheating units that from the warm-air register there was a direct vertical passageway open to the dome or radiator of the heater that any objects fallingthrough the open of the register would fall directly onto the dome or radiator and be set afire, or if a register bro lreand' let a person through, he would. go right down to tne heated dome or radiator and be seriously burned. To providea warmair heating unit ofthe class described that ivill oviercome these objections is another object of our invention.

Further advantages will appear from the specification and drawings herein.

Figurel is a front perspective view of a warm-air heating unit embodying our invention. i

Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional iew olthe m e Fig. 3 is a top or plan View and Fig. 4 is a view from above with the cold-air pipe, warm-air pipe and the top of the outer casing removed. i

Fig. 5 is a top view of the heater with only the lowermost part of the warm air pipe in place.

Referring to the drawings in a more particular description, it will be seen that there is shown a common form of heater, comprising an ash at, fire pot 8, combustion chamber i), radiator 10 and smoke pipe 11 and that said heater has the usual operating passages, ash passage, fuel passage and clean-out-passsage proj ecting outward therefrom to.the front wall 12, upon which are provided the usual ash-pit door, 13, fuel door 14, clean-out door 15, giving access to the said operating passages of the heater. Surrounding the heater there is provided and spaced from the heater an inner casing 16, said casing including a vertical side wall 17 and a top 18 preferably conical in form. Suitable and convenient provision is made for properly spacing and permanently holding the said casing at the proper distance from the heater as by means of said casingheing placed upon and sup- I jacket heaters.

ported by a ring 39 conveniently and pref erably formed integral with the base upon which the heater itself stands.

Outside of said inner casing 16 and suitably spaced therefrom there is provided and located theouter casing 21, consisting of a substantially vertical wall 22 and a top 23 preferably conical in form. This on er casing is supported by a ring 24 rigidly connected to the base 20 and inner ring 19 as by being made integral therewith. V

The front edges of the wall sections 17 and 22 of theinner and outer casings respectively are attached by air-tight joints to the front wall 12 in any manner common to double jacket or two casing furnaces and so not necessary to be explained in detail here. Apertures 25 of SH'illClQIlt size and number are provided in the inner casing 16 near its bottom to afford a passageway for the air to go freely from the outer chamber 26 to the inner chamber 27. The outer air chamher is the space between the outer and inner casings 2i and 16 respectively and the inner air chamber 27 is the space between the inner casing 16 and the adjacent parts of the heater, all in the way common to double The smoke pipe 11 passes from the radiator 10 through suitable openings provided in the inner and outer casings, the joints between the smoke pipe and said casings being made substantially tight.

In the top of the inner casing 16 there is provided an opening 28, from which extends the warm-air or flow pipe 29, comprising a section 30 nearest to the top of the casing slanting outwardly and upwardly, and a section 31 connected therewith but extending substantially directly upward the proper distance to connect with the bottom of the warm-air register box 32. The register box 32 can be of any proper or convenient form, preferably having a sloping or funnelshaped bottom and an ordinary register face at. It will be understood of course that the warm-air pipe 29 as it extends out from the inner casing will be led through a proper opening 35 provided therefor in the top 23 of the outer casing 21. The joint between said top of the outer casing and warm-air pipe will be made substantially air tight preferably by special means hereinafter more specifically described. Preferably the arrangement of the parts of the heating unit and pa ticularly the length of the slanting section 30 of the warm-air pipe will be such that said slanting section 30 of the warm-air pipe will be the one that eX- tends through the outer casing.

In the top 23 of the outer casing 21 there is provided an opening 36, to which leads the cold-air or return-airpipe 37 which may be conveniently composed as shown of a downwardly and inwardly slanting portion 38 next to the opening 36 and above said slanting portion a substantially vertical section 39, the upper end of which connects with the bottom of the cold-air register box 40 of any proper form and construction, but here shown as being rectangular in form and provided with the usual register face 41.

The warm air or flow pipe 29 and the coldair or return pipe 3'7 will be separate and distinct from each other and independent of each other and will be so formed, connected and arranged as to admit of their respective register faces er and 41 being placed somewhat apart from each other and at the same time have said air pipes lead by as direct passage as possible to points well toward the center of the tops of the casings. These results are aocomplishedpartly by having t 16 warm-air opening 28 and the cold-air opening 36 located at different portions of respective casing tops as on opposite sides of the center thereof, but each reaching to or almost to the center of said casing, and parly by having the lower portions or sections of each of said air pipes slant upwardly and outwardly in different or opposite directions from their place of origin.

it will now be seen that of the air heated in its upward passage through the inner chamber 2? some will pass directly through the opening 28 and into the warm-air pipe 29 and that the rest will be easily deflected thereinto by the conically formed top 18 of theinner casing, which will act as a funnel for the warm-air pipe 29. The upward slant to the sloping section 30 of the warmair pipe is sufficient, especially in connection with the shortness of said slanting section, to allow the heated air to pass upward without appreciably decreasing or affecting the strength or speed of said current of air. As shown in the drawings the arrangement of parts is such that the warm-air register is offset from the vertical center of the furnace about enough to bring the inner edge of the vertical section 31 of the warm-air pipe over the outer edge of the dome or radiator 10. The extent of this offset may be varied considerably to accommodate the heating system. to the circumstances of the building such as the distance apart that the two registers are to be placed and the height of the floor above the furnace. Under ordinary circumstances the offset, especially of the warm-air register, would be suflicient to prevent there being an open passage directly down through the hot-air pipe to the radiator of the heater, thus obviating the objections incident to such a direct downward passage.

In a similar way the downward passage for the cold air provided in cold-air or return pipe 37 is sufliciently direct or near enough to vertical to obtain a strong downward current from the. cold-air register into the outer air chamber 26 and at the same casing to distribute the cold air well into all parts of the air chamber 26 and not simply into the portion ofthe said air chamber 26 that is directly below the cold-air register. The slanting direction given to the 'cold air current and passing through the slanting section 38 and the slanting or curved formation of the top 18 of the inner casing assist in this desired general distribution of the cold air. It will be noticed that in the arrangement of parts shown in the drawings the cold-air pipe leads into *the'top 23 of the outer casing a little from the center .of said'top or enough to prevent the cold air from being directed too strongly against the upper or central portionof the top 18- and the adjacentor upper portion of the slanting section 30 of the warm-air pipe. 'erable, as'the parts thus kept from'the cold This arrangement we consider prefair current are the parts of the warm-air system that have the greatest temperature and the arrangement suggested prevents neutralizing the oppositely passing currents of the heated and cold air. It will be understood'of course that the inner casing especially and the warm-air pipe are provided with adequate heat insulation as by employing jackets or linings composed of layers of heat-insulating material all as well-known in the art and'so not described or illustrated herein. In addition, thereto, however, we provide a special heat insulation for the'top of the inner casing. This consists in making said top 18 of the inner casing doubleythat is of two layers of ma terial 42 and 43respectively spaced a little distance apart so as to leave a dead or closed air chamber 44 therebetween. This construction is of special importance in the general two-pipe type of furnace herein shown since it affords a much greater measure of insulation at the top of the inner casing which on its inside is subjected to the greatest heat of the heater and on the outside is subjected to the action of the cold air coming downward through the cold air or return pipe 37.

Preferably slip oints will be provided in both the slanting and vertical portions of the cold air return air pipe 37 and the warm air or flow pipe 29. 1

This construction affords an adaptability or an adjustability whereby the heating unit may be installed under circumstances of considerable variety without requiring specially-made parts or additional piping. It also allows of the heater and its pipe connections'beingirea'dily installed by the or- :dinary workman without having to do any cutting of the pipes or making new pipes on the job. This is a special advantage in that furnaces of this type are often installed by workmen of little experience or skilland in pursuance of measurements that 'mayhave been inaccurately taken. It will "be obvious too that in this way the heater can readily be adapted toxhave'its flow and *return pipes lead respectively to and from the same room or to and from separate "rooms and that the registers may thus be placed a varying distance apart.

The slip joint in'the vertical section 31 of the flow pipe 29-and in the vertical section 39 -'of the return pipe and in the slanting portion38 of the return pipe may be of the usual construction namely with one part of the pipe smaller than its cooperating portion and 'adjustably sliding therein. Preferably the slip joint in the slanting portion 38 of the return pipe will have the part 38 coming down to the slip joint outside the upwardly extending part 38 In this way there is no possibility of the downwardly extending part extending past the cold air opening 36 and thus largely cutting off the supply of cold air as might happen if the short distance through the opening 35 in the outer casing. This section 30 will also preferably be the inner of the two sections forming the slip joint in the slanting portion 30. The upper section 30 will come down past the upper end of 30 and outside the part 30* to a point preferably-some distance within the top 23 of the outer casing. A collar 45 is placed upon the outside of the section 30", said collar being adapted to slide upon said section 30 and is provided with a flange 46 fitting the adjacent surface of the outer casing top 23. The shortness of the section 30 of the warm air pipe after it is secured to the inner layer 43 of the double top 18 admits of the upper layer 42 of said double top being readily placed in position and also facilitates the assembling of the outer casing and the top of the outer casing to form the complete heater unit. After section 30 and its attached partor parts are adjusted to the proper position the encircling collar 45 is permanently secured to the section 30 as by rivets in such position that the flange 46 will fit against the top 23 of the outer casing and take the weight of the piping thereabove. It will be seen that this arrangement of the parts and particularly the arrangeanent of the parts forming the warm air It will now be'seen that we have provided a warm-air heating unit which as to the furnace proper, namely the heater and its casings is adouble jacketor two casing furnace and so adapted to obtain all the advantages of economy of construction and economy of fuel and efficiency of heating incident to the double jacket type. At the same time we have obviated the disadvantages attendant upon the one-pipe or pipeless form of furnace and have provided a heating unit having separate and independent cold-air and warm-air pipes, thus improving the air circulation of the system or unit and giving the device a much wider range of adaptability and usefulness. v 7

What we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a warm-air heating unit, the combination of a heater having ash, fuel and clean-out passages projecting outward therefrom, an outer casing about the heater, an inner casing intermediate the heater and the outer casing and provided at its lower end with a passageway connecting the air chambers on opposite sides of the inner casing, a separate cold-air pipe leading into one portion of the top of the outer casing and a separate warm-air pipe leading from another portion of the top of the inner casing, the top of the inner casing slanting upwardly as it extends inwardly forming on its interior surface a funnel directing the warmed air toward the warm air pipe and .on'its exterior surface forming a cone adapted to spread the air from the cold an pipe to all parts of the outer air chamber.

2. In a warm-air heating unit, the combination of a heater having ash, fuel and clean-out passages projecting outward therefrom, an outer casing about the heater, an inner casing intermediate the heater and the outer casing and provided at its lower end with a passageway connecting the air chambers on opposite sides of the inner casing, a separate cold-air pipe leading into the top of the outer casing and a separate warm-air pipe leading from the top of the inner casing, the top of the inner casing slanting upwardly as it extends inwardly forming on its interior surface a funnel directing the warmed air toward the warm air pipe and on its exterior surface forming a cone adapted to spread the air from the cold air pipe to all parts of the outer air chamber, said air pipes slanting upwardly and outwardly in different directions whereby they may be connected to separate registers. 7

3. In a warm-air heating unit, the combination of a heater, an outer casing about the heater and having a sloping top, an inner casing intermediate the heater and the outer casing and having a conical top, said inner casing being provided at its lower end with a passageway connecting the air chambers on opposite sides of the inner casing, a separate cold air pipe slanting into the top of the outer casing and a separate warm air pipe slanting upwardly and outwardly from the top of the inner casing in another direction and through the outer casing, the warm air pipe being formed in sections with the lrhrermost section extending from the top of the inner casing upwardly a relatively short distance to a position near the outer V casing whereby the top of the outer casing may be placed in position after the inner casing top with the lower portion of the warm air pipe is in place. V

in witness whereof we have affixed our signatures this 15th day of June, 1918.

CLARENCE M. LYMAN. FREDERICK R. BUTTERS.

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