US1358518A - Concrete reinforcement - Google Patents

Description

},UN1TED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

PHILIP cAianL or NEW YORK, 1v. Y.

CONCRETE REINFORCEMENT.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Nov. 9, 1920.

Application filed March 22, 1919. Serial No. 284,356.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, PHILIP M. CABELL, a citizen of the Fnite'd States, residing at the city of New York, in the borough of Manhattan and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Concrete Reinforcements, of which the followingis a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to the reinforcement of cementitious structures and is specifically .an improvement upon the reinforcing unit described in my pending applica tion for Letters Patent Serial No. 228,114, filed April 12,1918. The reinforcing unit described in said-application is made up of strand material, such as wire or thin'rods formed into a succession of loops or strain sections, and pressed into a shape which .adap'ts it to be incorporated in structures of tice that a rearrangement of theconvol'u-- tions with respect to each other is desirable in many instances before the unit is associated with the cement or concrete, for the purpose of distributing its reinforcing Value in the various parts of the structure in accordance with the strains to which the structure will be subjected in use. For instance, a beam is ordinarily subjectechto greater strain at its intermediate portions than at the ends. Consequently, the intermediate portions require more reinforcement than the ends.- Likewise in other structures, the extremities sometimes require more reinforcement than the middle portions, sometimes graduated strength is required from end toend or from one portion to another of a structure. To meet these conditions, I propose to manipulate my reinforcing unit in such a way as to condense the convolutions or bring them close together in those regions of the structure where the greater strains occur. and separate the convolutions or lessen their number 1nother local ties where the strains are correspondingly less.-

when the unit'isthus manipulated, the clastic nature of the wire of which it will usu' ally bemade, necessitates theuse of stays or fastening devices to hold the convolutionsin their altered positions with respect to eachothcr until the unit can be associated with the concrete which then serves to permanently hold the" convolutions in their distorted or converted relation.

My invention therefore comprehends not only theidea of distributing the convolutions, along the unit'in proportion to the strains to which .the structure will be subjected, but to means for temporarily permittingof such distribution and retaining the convolutions in the required relation after they have been thus distributed.

. In the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the unit in the first stage of its construction with the stays applied thereto;

Fig.2 is'an edge view of the structure when the convolutions have been turned sidewise or flattened into a mat, no attempt being 'made to illustrate the stays;

Fig. 3 is a plan of the mat showing the stays applied to the edges; Fig. i is a side view of the unit after it has been bent or folded along longitudinal lines to give it a U or gutter-like shape;

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the gutter-- shaped unit 1n which the convolutions are opened up or .separated and so held by the stays; and A Fig. 6 includes three conventional cross sections of the unit showing various gutter shapes or corrugations among others into which'the flat mat may be folded.

The stays comprising a part of the present invention may be applied to the-unit either when. itis in itsyfirst stage of construction, as shownlin Fig. 1, or when it is in either of the stages indicated in Figs. 2, 3 and 4. The stay" consists of a wire a which is successively looped into each of the convolutions b of the unit, in such a manner as to provide slack in the wire abetween the adjacent convolutions b. The slack or excess of wire between the convolutions permits the latter to be separated or compressed at will, the wire a. in any relation of the convolutions tending, by its resistance to bending-and its frictional engagement with the convolutions. to hold the latter in any relation into which they may be forcibly brought. I preferably use two of these stay condition of Fig. 1. or upon the opposite edges when applied to the flat structure of Figs. 2 and 3. Associated with the wire a is an interlocking wire 0 which is preferably a straight wire or rod running through each loop of the wire a and serving the two functions of preventing wire (1- from becoming detached from the convolutions Z) and providing additional friction between the closely associated wires to maintaina given relation between them.

Figs. 3 and 5 illustrate the condition of the stay wire a along those parts of the unit where the convolutions Z) have been separated to the greatest possible extent. It will be seen that the loops of the wire a are straightened out practically to their limit and that they are drawn tightly against the interlocking wire 0 so tllt'ltICOllSlClQlilblQ friction is introduced at the edges of the unit to hold the various loops or convolutions Z) in the position to which they have been adjusted. 'In F ig. l, the stay wire a is illustrated withv more slack in its bends which means that the convolutions b have not been separated to the full extent permitted by the wire 0 or that they have been compressed somewhat together. In this condition sufficient friction is developed between the various wires which come together at the edges of the unit to temporarily maintain the unit and its convolutions in any desired position or shape. Obviously any arrangement of stays which will permit of the convolutions b'being opened or compacted together and will then hold them in such relation. will serve the purposes and fall within the scope of my invention.

In Fig; 3, the dotted lines 6. c indicate the lines along which the flat mat may be folded to produce the guttershaped unit of Fig. 4e and shown also at in Fig. (5. hen the gutter-like formations shown at g and 71, as well as of Fig. 6, are used, the stay wire may be applied at the extreme edges, as

shown, and also at any of the lines of folddle portion crowded together. while those at 'condition until the unit is transferred to the beam and associated with the concrete. The unit may also be curved and bent as a whole to fit into brackets, elbows or other irregular shapes and when thus deformed will be held temporarily by the stays (I.

I do not limit myself to any particular manner of running or shaping the stay wires or devices so long as they afford the possibility of the convolutions being moved with respect to one another in the redistribution process described and will hold them in their 1 arranged positions.

I claim:

1. The method of preparing a reinforcing unit .for cementitious structures consisting in coiling strand material into a spiral. turning the convolutions of the spiral into planes oblique to the axis of the spiral to convert the spiral into a flat mat, bending the mat longitudinally and finally rearranging the ture.

PHILIP M. CABELL.

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