US1352048A - Fireplace heater and cooker - Google Patents

Description

T. CARTER.

FIREPLACE HEATER AND COOKER.

APPLICATION FILED MAY s, 1918.

1,352,048, l PatentedSept. 7, 1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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anew j UNITED STATES .PATENT OFFICE..

THOMAS CARTER, 0F BELTON, SOUTH CAROLINA. I

.7. '5 "f" Application led May 3,

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that l, 'lh-reims Cnnrnn, a citizen of the United States, residing at Belton, in the county of Anderson ands/tate ot South Carolina, have invented new and usei'ul Improvements in Fireplace Heaters and Cookers, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates toa novel and improved heater and cooker for fireplaces of that kind in which an open grate ispdisposed within the fireplace for the purpose of heating a room or apartment within which the iront oi the fireplace is arranged.

@ne object of my invention is to provide a device comprising a drum or oven which is set within the fireplace and so arranged as to be heated by the bed of fuel in the grate and by the products et combustion passing to the chimney flue, s-o'that the drum may be utilized as an oven for cooking purposes or for heating air for passage therefrom into one or more rooms tovbe heated, thus preventing' waste oi heat and securing a conservation oi' incl and enabling one or more rooms, additional to the room in which the grate is arranged, to be heated from the s'ame source of heat;

Another object is to provide a drum of which oneend wall forms the back or". the grate and whose top wall lies in theA path of the products yof combustionV` iiowing to the chimney, wherebythe interior of said drum will be eectually heated `for the purposes described. Y

Another object is to providea baffle plate disposed above the top oi' the drum to form therewith a primary flue or passage 'for the products of combustion, whereby such products will be caused to flow inl direct Contact with the top of the drum and the baille plate to electually heat the same, the said baiiie plate being provided with pot holes or otherwise suitably construct-ed or arranged to also serve as a hot plate for cooking purposes. f v

Another object is to provide a drum which is set in an inclined position 'for co-V operation withthe baiilel plate to cause the downward deflection of the products of combustion without impairin'g the draft.

Another Objectis to `'provide a drum `having an open end which faces the room at the opposite or at a dierent side of the fireplace from the room which the grate is Specification of iettersP-atent.

Patented Sept. *7, 1920.

serian No. 232,333.' Y

arranged, said open end being provided with a door which may be employed for controllingl the supply of heated air to the firstnanied room and which adapts the drum to be used as an oven `lfor cooking purposes.

-pWith these and other objects in view, the invention consists of the icat-urcs ot' construction, combination and arrangement of parts, hereinafter iully described and claimed, reference beingr had to the accompanying drawing, in which I Figure l is a vertical front-to-rcar section through a lireplace, showing the heater and cooker arranged therein.l

Fig. 2 is a vertical transverse section on the line 2 2 of Fig. l.

F 8 is a view in elevation looking' toward the back of the fireplace.

Fig. 4 is a horizontal section throughthe fireplace and heater and cooker, showing a modiiied construction and arrangement of the heater and cooker'.

5 is a diagrammatic plan view showing` another form ot construction of the heater and cooker.

6 is a vertical transverse the line G--G ot Fig. Il,

Fig. 7 is a vertical transverse section on the line 77 of Fig. 6,

Fig. 8 is a vertical transverse the line 8-8 of Fig. 5, and

Fig. 9 is a vertical transverse the line 9 9 0i Fig. 5.V

.Referring now more particnlarly'to F igs. l, 2 and 3 of the drawing,y l designates a fireplace, which maybe oi any ordinary or preferred construction, and of any ot' the forms or types in general use, properly modified, when required, tor the application of the invention. rllhis fireplace is provided with the chimney flue 2 and in the front portion thereof is formed the tore portion or jamb 3 in which the open grate 4- is arranged. rl`he replace, .as shown in l, 2 and 3, may be of that type oi' construction in which a single grate is disposed in the front portion or" the fireplace 'facingr a single room, or ot that construction in which gratos are arranged at opposite sides, or at front and rear of the-fireplace, lacing two opposite rooms, as in a two-room heating construction.

ln carrying my invention into practice I provide a combined heater and cooker comprising a drum 5, made of cast iron, sheet section on section on section on metal or otherfsuitable material or `materials. rIhis drum consists of a 'box-like casing, preferably of rectangular' or oblong rectangular form, Aand which `is properly disposed in the base of the fireplace 1. As shown, the fireplace is provided with-an opening which extends through and from the front 6 thereof to and through the Arear 7 thereof, it being understood that the front G of the fireplace may 'extend into or face one room or apartment, while the rear 7 ofthe fireplace forms a partition wall between such 'room orapartmen't and an adjacent roomv or apartment of a house or other structure.

The ldrum 5 comprises a suitable base or bottom wall 8, an end wall 9, sidewalls 10, and a top Vwall 11. The bottom wall 8 is suitably `supported upon the ibase of the lireplaeeand'the end wall 9 is arranged to form the V'back of the grate 4. The -top wall 11 terminates below the arch 12 of the fireplace opening, so as to provide an intervening channel'or 4passage 13 "for vthe upward and rearward flow ofthe productsof combustion from the grate to the chimney 'lil-ue 2.

For the purpose of `deflecting the kproductsof combustion downward'into `contact with the top wall 11, on the travel of such products through vthe passage 13, a baille plate llY is provided. This `baille plate is supported from the wall 1.1 by suitable upright bracket pieces 15, and is so dispi Il asto causethe products of combustion [lo 1 ing upwardly from the grate into the pas sage 13 to be thrown downwardly against the top wall 11 before their passage .into the flue 2, thus effecting the heating of the top of the drum 5 to a high degree. lt'will be evident from the foregoing description that the wally 9 of the drum will vbe heated by the body of fuel in the grate, while the wall 11y will be heated by thev traveling products of combustion, so that a large proportionofthe heatordinarily allowed to to waste -will be utilized to heat the interior y of the drum. f

'i pairing the draft, the drum 5 isi?,

For the'purpose'of enablingrthe product)` ofgcombustion to Vbe deflected doufnwardly into contact with the wall 11, without in Y operly set in an inclined position, so that its top wal 11 will incline upwardly and rearwardly to a su-llicient extent to allow the products to flow upwardly as they approach the flue 2. For convenience of constructiony `both the bottom wall 8 and the top w-all 11 are arranged i-n an inclined position, so that said walls may be @disposed in parallelism, but

^ it will ofcourse understolodthat the bottom :wall be horizontal and that tl wall 11 only'need be inclined. l Y

The Vdeflector or baille rplate 1/lis also dcsigned to .serve tliefunction of a hot plate Y for cooking Aand similar purposes, to which the surface or wall 7 forming flector or `baille-plate to be properly disposed Afor the purposes described, a chamber or opening 1-7 is cut out or formed 'in the bricl: work or material of'which the fireplace is formed, and an opening 18 is also .formed by cutting away the rear portion of the arch 12, in whichopening 18 the plate 1st is -dis- 'posed so as to separate the passage 'from the opening or chamber' 17. The openii or lchamber 17 may extend out either at the vfront or one sidevof the fireplace, as desired and as may be most feasible in different 'forms of fireplaces, and forms a supplemental overhead oven to receive'thc utensils .containing the food or the like to be cooked, and provides also for the proper appli z ofthe same to and .removal o'f the sane an the plate 111.'

The "front end of the drum 5 terminates ,flush with "the rear surface 7 of the fireplace and is preferably open and adapted to closed by a hingedvdoor 19, which maj secured in closed position in any suitf; manner and which is preferably provided with a lrnob or handle r2l) whereby nay conveniently manipulated. yThe mi of the 'flue Q is preferably cut ai distance above the top 11 of the eruin 5, providinga,heating chamber 21 at the base of the flue. rl`his chamber 21 is closed lon its outcrside by a plate, which may be tegral with'or secured to the top 1'1 of the drum and which servesas conducto the radiation of heat from said chiari/cA n.

Inpractice, it will be understood that the room or apartment in whichthe grate A; is arranged at the front or one'lsideofthelireplace will be heated directly from the fire in the grate, while thel air contained within the` drum will lbe heated in the manner described. By opening the door 19 to a greater or less extent this heated air may be allowed to pass out of the open front end of the drum into 'the room or apartment at-the rear oropposite side of 'the fireplace, whereby both rooms 'will be simultaneously heated from the same sourcerof heat, thus insuring a conservationof fuel, as the second room will be `heated from the waste heat ordi narily allowed to discharge through the chimney. It will, of course, be understood that the door l19l maybe yprovided witha register, or outlet opening closed by a vslide or the like, 'so that a `desired a-mounto'f heated air may be allowed to pass from the drum into -the second froom tolbe heated without lthe necessity of opening the door. t will, of cour-se, 4be understood that such second room will also be .heated by radiation of heat from the chamber 21 through the plate 22, thus further conserving fuel, and in addition the room in which the grate is arranged will be heated by the heat from the supplemental oven or. chamber 17, whereby a very large part of all of the available heat units from 'the body ofifuel within the grate will be utilized for heating purposes.

ln practice the drum 5 may also be en1- ployed as an oven for cooking purposes, to which end it may be provided upon the interi-or thereof with iianges or ledges 23 to support sliding shelves or the like 24, on which food or vessels containing the same may be placed forlbaking and similar cooking operations. It will thus be seen, therefore, that the device is not only adapted to be used .for heating an additional room from the Awaste heat from the grate, but alsoserves as an eilicient type of cooking stove, or as a warming oven, forming a great article of convenience to householders or roomers in :ases where economy in the use of fuel is a factor of importance.

The construction shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 8 is adapted for efficient use for heating adjoining rooms on opposite sides of Va wall or partition, wherein the fireplace is formed as a part of such wall and projects at the front into one of the rooms, in addition to its described capabilities ofvuse as a cooker. It will, of course, be understood, however, `that by running additional pipes or ilues out from the side of the drum 5, and providing the same with suitable dampers, the heat from the drum may also be conducted to other portions of either of the rooms or to still other rooms of a building, so that one er more additional rooms may be Vheated to a desired greater or less extent.

ln Fig. 4i I have shown an adaptation in which the drum 5 is of the same construction as above described, but is arranged in a different manner in the fireplace 1. In this construction the drum 5a is placed in a position at right angles to that shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, or in a direction transversely of the fireplace 1. By this arrangement one of the sides 10 of the drum forms the front wall et the drum and the back of the grate 4:, while the opposite side 10 of the drum forms the hack wall thereof and rests against the vback wall 7 of the fireplace 1 which'is closedthroughout.V The open end of the drum in this construction projects outwardly through one side of the fireplace, thus providing a supplemental heater and cooker for the room or apartment in which the grate is arranged. It will be evident that with this form the room or apartment on the opposite side of the wall 7 is not intended to be heat ed., the object in this case being to provide a combined heater and cooker,` with an open grate fireplace, for a single room. The dotted lines 25 shown in this ligure are designed to indicate that, within the scope of the invention and range of use, the drum 5a may extend through the rear wall 7, for use as indicated in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, or may be eX- v tended either through the side of the fireplace especially lillustrated in Fig. i or through the opposite si le.

In Fig. 5 l have shown an arrangement wherein the fireplace l is arranged at the corner intersection of three adjoining rooms ih the wall surfaces 26, 27 and 2S respectively face. ln one of these wall surfaces, as the wall surface 26, the fireplace opening is formed to receive the grate ilu and drum 5b, an(l from said opening extend other openings 29 and 3l) which lead outward through the other wall surfaces 27 and 2S. In these openings 29 and 30 are placed auxiliary drums 5C and 5 which communicate at their inner ends with the drum 5b and are provided at their outer ends with doors 19 similar to the door 19. TWith this construction one of the rooms will be heated by the grate, while the air in the drums 5b, 5c and 5d'will be heated by the bed of fuel on the grate and the escaping products of combustion, the heated air being employed to heat the other two rooms. Any number of adjoining rooms, from two to four, may be directly heated in this manner according to the arrangement of rooms and fireplace of any particular floor or story of a building, and if desired flucs, In'ovided with suitable dampers, may lead to other rooms to be heated, such as the rooms of an upper Hoor. It is to be understood that the drums 5C and 5d may also serve as ovens for cooking purposes as previously described in connection with the construction shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3.

My invention also contemplates the use of the heater and cooker in the upper floors of a building, in which case the construction will be the same as previously described, except that the drum or drums may also eX- tend into the flue 2 so that the upper drum or drums will also be heated by the products of combustion flowing through the chimney from the lower grate or grates. Of course in this case the upper drum or drums will be so placed in the flues that they will not obstruct the draft.

it is to be understood, of course, that the grates may be designed for the use of coal, wood or other fuel, and that the Yconstruction and arrangement will vary within certain limits according to variations in the construction and arrangement of fireplaces and chimneys in different dwellings or other buildings. ln all cases, however, the described general characteristics of the invention will be preserved, although it is to be understood that, while the device is particularly designed for `use as a combined heater and cooker, it may be employed for heating purposes alone where the user does not desire to employ it for cooking purposes.

The main characteristic of my invention is that it provides for economy and conservation in the use of fuel, in utilizing heat ordinarily allowed to go to waste and in providing means whereby one or more ad- Yditional rooms may be heated from a single grate fire, and whereby the room in which the vgrate is var1an {ed will also be better hea-ted. `fold advantages are also gained by the adaptation or the device as a cooker' and warming oven, thus reducing the number of lires to be kept up and amount of fuel 'consumed. Also where two grates in adjoining rooms are employed, it will be seen that the invention allows'one of these grates to lbe dispensed with and both rooms to be heated from a single grate with great economy.

Having thus *fully described my invention, I claim l. In a device of the class described, a wall having an opening therein extending from one face to the other thereof and an oven chamber' above the opening, a Hue above the opening and communicating with the latter, a casing in said'opening, the said casing having one end arranged flush with one face of the wall and its opposite end spaced inwardly from the other face of the wall, the last mentioned end of said casing having a grate, a plate closing thebo'ttom'o-f said oven chamber and disposed above the Economy, convenience and mani.

top 4oli said casing and forming a flame passage therewith, and the said flame passage communicating with the said flue.

2. In a device of the class described, a wall having an opening extending from one face to the other thereof and having an oven chamber above the opening, a casing in said opening with one yside flush with vone face of said wal-l, the said wall having a flue therein disposed near the said wall face and communicating with the top of vsaid casing, a plate on another side of said casing and covering a portion of said flue, a plate closing the bottom of said oven lchamber and forming a iiame passage with the top of said casing, the said fla'mepassage communicating at one iend with said flue and being narrower Iat the said end than lat its opposite end, and a grate on one face or said casing.

3. In a 'device of the class described,A a wall Vhaving an opening therein extending from one of its faces to another thereof and -an -oven chamber 'above the opening, the

said wall having a flue therein and communicating with said opening, a casing in said opening 'and having 'one of its walls arranged flush with one face of said wall and another 'of its walls spaced inwardly from the other face of' said wall, a plate closing the bottom of said oven vchamber and forming a flame passage above'said casing and in communication with said lue, and a grate on one wall 'of said casing.

lin testimony whereof I ailix my signature.

THOMAS CARTER.

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