US1348557A - Ventilating system - Google Patents

Description

W. G. FORCIEH'.

l VENTILATING SYSTEM.

APPplcATloN FILED luiY 31,1919.

L'?. Patented Aug. 3, E92@ William, 6.17510 reiey.

WyG. FORCIER.

VENTILATING SYSTEM. APPLlcATloN FILED JULY 31.1919.'

Patented-Aug. 3,

1920. a SHEETS-SHEET 2.

- ..w. G. Fo'nclER.

A VENTILATING SYSTEM. l

APPLICATION FILED JuL'Y 31,1919. l 1,348,557; Patented Aug. 3, 1920.

- 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

@Kaw

WILLIAM G. sonoma, orfuionnnsroit, MASSACHUSETTS.

vnnrinn'rrnie SYSTEM.

- Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed July 31, 1919. Serial No. 314,405.

To all whom t may conce-m.'

Be it known that I, lViLLIAM G. Fonoinn, a citizen of the United States, residing at llfollastomin the county of Norfolk and State ot' Massachusetts, have invented certain newn and useful mprovements'i'n Ventilating Systems, of which the 'following is a specification.

'lhe object of this invention is to so construct a building that the cost of construction will be minimized and the proper heating and ventilatiiig thereof will be facilitated. T he invention seeks to provide means whereby a supply oi' fresh air may be admitted to the rooms of a building and the desired temperature of the rooms maintained iii cold weather with aiieconomical consumptionof fuel.

i T he invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings and will be hereinafter i''ully described., the novel. features being subsequently particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings- .Figure l is a vertical section of a portion ot' a building constructed in accordance with my invention;

Fig. 2 is a detail elevation of means provided for effect-ing a circulation oi outside air within the wall of the building Fig. 3 is an elevation of one foi-in of ventilator employed in the practice of the invention.;

Fig. 4 is a det-ail section of a portion of the ventilator shown in Fig. 3

l" ig. 5 is a longitudinal section of said ventilator Fig. 6 is a detail perspective view of the operating mechanism for said ventilator.

ln carrying out my invention, I employ a foundation l which may be of any Wellkiiown type but will preferably .be of co'ncrete and upon the said foundation l. place sills 2 and also support. joists 3, a.. iloor 4 for the rst story of the building being supported on said joists. i upon the sills 2 and it will be understood` ol course. that the four walls of the building are identical in construction although only one wall is shown in the drawing. The sills 2 and girders', supported by the usual -studding rising from the sills, will preferably'be of lumber and to the outer tace/s of the sills and the girders as well as the beams and girders supporting the roof. I secure a cardboard sheathing Z which extends the full Girders 5 are placed height ot the building. The'joints between the cardboard sheathing and the several sills and girders may be made air-tight iii any desired manner as, for instance, by calking the saine with telt. Spacers or straps 8 are secured to the cardboard sheathing at intervals and serve to'hold the saine against the several sills and girders and to the outer sides of the said spacers I secure the outer sheathing 9 which will preferably be- Of limiber but may be of any other material now resented aan. a, ieee.,

generally employed. The lumber sheathing 9 is shown with clapboaiding 10 securedV upon its outer face so as to impart an attrac tive finish to the building, but other desired finish may be applied', as brick` veneer, shingles, or stucco. T he icon-(indicated conventionally at 11, entends over the upper end ot' the space l2 between the sheathings? and- 9 but the lower end of the said space is lett open although it is covered by a screen 13 to prevent the entrance of insects.v At the corners of the building, studding or corner posts will, of course, be employed and similar elements will be provided at the door and window openings and secured. in place in the same manner .as such elements are now- `generally fitted. Spaced inwardly from the 'sheathing 7 is a partition le which will be constructed of plaster so Vthat it may be fitted air-tight against the several girders or other devices interposed in the wall for supporting the floors or other l'building elements as well as vtor theventilating members which are extended through the wall as will presently appear, a dead air space l5 being thus provided between the sheathing and the wall 14. Spaced inwardly from the parti-l tion or intermediate wall let is an inner wall lt? which is similar in construction to the partition 14 and -ioriiis the sides of the outer rooms, the ceiling 17 extending between the opposed inner walls 16 in the usual manner. A second dead air space 18, will obviously be 4toi-med between the walls or partitions lll and 1G and these dead air spaces serve ei:- fectually counteract the tendency of buildings to accumulate dampness and will also tend to keep the temperature within the building uniform through all weather conditions so that in severe cold weather the l"ilfliig may be eiectually heated with a small amount of fue. n l

To permit circulation of airtlirough the air space i2, provide iii the outer wall oi` sheathing 9 near the roof an opening .'19

' it in its operative position.

which is covered by a screen Q0 to prevent the entrance of insects and around the said opening is provided a hood 21 to protect the parts against weather elements. The opening 19 may be covered at will by a damper 22 slidably mounted in cleats or otherlk guides L23 secured upon the inner facev of the'sheathing 9, said damper being provided with an opening 24 corresponding in form and size with the opening 19. At the ends of the .damper 22 are brackets 25 to which are secured the ends of short cables 26 which cables extend over and are secured to quadrants 27 mounted -foi` rocking movement at the opposite sides or ends of the damper. The quadrants may be pivot'ed 'upon the sheathing,V but I have illustrated afsupport'consisting of a bearing sleeve Q3 secured through the sheathing 7 and the Walls 14 and 16 in which the shaft 29 of a quadrant is j ournaled, this construction'pro-` viding ak more extended support for the quadrant and thereby more firmly holding Upon eaei quadrant an arm 30'to the free end lof which is pivoted a link 31, the lowerend of which is pivoted to anv operating lever 32 fulcrumed \in the Wall 14 land extending through the sheathing 7 and the -i'valls 14 and 16. lThe innerend ofthe lever'32 is .hollow or provided Witha socket 33'jn which may be engaged a handle 134 to rock' the lever when it is desired to adjust the damper, and `the slots ory openings .35 in which "the:

said lever plays may be lined With felt o1".

, similar material so that leakage of air so as to :bring the opening 24 thereof into alinement with the opening 19 whereupon air Will be permitted to enter the'space 12- and flow down the same and carry off any moisture which may tend to collecttherein. 1When the opening 19 is thus uncovered accumulated h ot air may escape so that the temperaturesof the building Will be kept normal. j Vithin each room of the building, I provide an upper ventilator which is intended to admit fresh air to the room and a lower ventilator which is intended to permitA the escape ofthe vitiated air so that a circulation-of air Within the room will be set up and all impurities carried off. The ventila-.f tors each consists of a tubular casing 36 1nserted through the sheathing-` 7 and the.

Walls 14 and 16, the uppercasfing being also carried through the sheathing`9 so that it will be open to the atmosphere, While. the

lower casing opens through and terminates at the inner sheathing 7. The casings may is a plurality of vanes or blades 38 which are provided'at their endsv Vwith trunnions `or a shaft `39 journaledv inthe sides of the casing. If the member 39 be extended through the blades, it will be pinned thereto,as indicated in Fig. The pivot 39 of each blade will, of course, be disposed at the vertical center thereof and Within the casing adjacenteach lblade are stops 40 which are :irranged-'at opposite sides of the vertical planes lof, the respective blades so as to limit the movement thereof and they lnay be faced with felt or other materiahso, that a draft proof joint With the blades vvill be effected as will -be readily understood. The outer stops 40 terminate above/.the pivot pins of the respective blades,v While .the `innerl stops v.terminate belen" said points, as clearly shown in Fig. 5, and free movement ofthe blades is thus permitted. Upon one end of the pivot'for each blade is secured an armi 41`rand the arms of the several blades are connected by a link 42 so as to effect simultaneous movement of the blades. One

of the arms 41 is equipped with a pin 43l Which plays in a slot 44 in a tongue 45 dependingfrom a sleeve 46 which is internally threaded and mounted upon a threaded rod orV Worm shaft 47 which is swiveled at its outer end in a bracket 48 and equipped at its inner end with a hand Wheel or pulley 49. lThe bracket 48 is secured rigidly to a partition 50 disposed longitudinally of the casing 36 and separating the operating mechanism from the ventilator blades. The space between the partition and the casing at the inner ends thereof is sealed by a cover plate 51 which also provides the inner bearing lfor the Worm shaft 47. The handle 49 at the lovver ventilator will be in the form of a hand Wheel, as shown, which may be easily grasped and manipulated but at the upper ventilator I substitute for the hand wheel a grooved pulley or disk 52 to which is secured ay cable or chain 53 having its ends depending from the said disk or pulley at opposite sides thereof and equipped with'.

lgrips 54. The cable 53 will depend from the pulley to such pointu that its ends may intatta be easily greached by an occupant of the room and the ventilator, therefore, easily adjusted. Theiouter end of the upper casing 36is covered by a screen 55 and a hood 56 is secured to the outer side ofthe buildmg to' ettendover said screen and protect the same andi-the casing from the weather. c

kit will-'be notedI that the lower ventilator opens into the space 12- which is open at its .lower endpto the atmosphere but the upper v 1' entilator' extends through said space and tarough the-outer sheathing so that said upperventilator is directly open to the atmospher'e. '.Therefore, if the lower ventilator be opened the foul air contained in a room will, escape but there will be no great rush ot outside air into the'room so that the foul air may be discharged.'without any substantial lowering 'of the temperature of. the room. It the upper ventilator be opened atmospheric air will be admitted'to the room `so that the necessari;7 supply ot tresh air and oxygen may be easily obtained and if bothventilators be opened a circulation` of air through the .upperyentllator.inte the room.

and thence out through the lower Ventilator,"

will be created inasmuch asthe upper ventilator is open to the outside air and'turnishes direct -access* of the same to the room,4 while the lower ventilator communicates only inl directly with'the outside air and it, therelfore, counteracts the usual tendency of air to flow upwardly. fMoreover, the upper end 'of the air space l2 is normally closed and the said space is normally a dead-air space.

in which there -is -nol circulation. By employing the construction shown and ydescribed herein-light materials may be employed and buildings quickly erected so that the costA of `construction will be minimized and inasmuch spaces are provided around the building the VVthrough all said air spaces,

as a-v plurality of dead-airv temperature of the same is -more nearly uni- -fofrrn than with other known-constructions and the cost, of heating the building incold a5 weather will be Very considerably reduced. A very efiicient system of ventilation is provided which may be easily controlled bythe 'occupant of the building without disarranging or rendering inoperative any o the 50 parts. v Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new is:

l'. In building v"construction, awall having an outer air space constantly open to the at- 55 mosphere at its lower; end. and normally closed at its upper end, a plurality of deadair spaces at the inner. sideof'the irst-Inentioned air s ace and uA er and lower venti p a i lators in the wall, the u per ventilator ex- 60 l tending through the first-mentioned air space .and ,through all'the deadair spaces.

and the lower ventilator extending through the dead-air 'spacesl and. opening into the irst-mentioned air space. i

2. Inbuilding construction, av wall having an outer air space constantly open at its lower end to the atmosphere andnorlnally yclosed :at its upper end, and a plurality of winmniu s. renonce.

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