US1239806A - Casting-machine. - Google Patents

Description

A. W. MORRIS.

CASTING MACHINE. N APPLICATION FILED MAY 8. I914. RENEWED NOV. 9I l9I6. 1 3,@6m PatentedSept. 11,1917

4 SHEETS-SHEET l.

A. WQMORRIS.

CASTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 8. 1914. RENEWED NOV. 9.1916.

Patented Sept. 11, 1917.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

A. W. MORRIS.

CASTING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED MAY 8. I9I4- RENEWED NOV. 9. I9I6.

Patented Sept. 11, 1917.

4 SHEETSSHEEI' 3.

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A. W. MORRIS.

CASTING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED MAY 8.1914. RENEWED NOV- 9. 1916.

191?. 4 SHEETSSHEET 4.

IIIIIIIIIIIII Patented Sept. 11,

units earns are men- AIJBERT W. MORRIS, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIG-NOR TO MORRIS PROCESS OF NEW YORK, INCORPORATED, OF NEW YORK, N. 'Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW- YORK.

CASTING-MACHINE.

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Application filed May 8, 1914, Serial No. 837,139.

To all whom it may concern:

' Be it known that I, ALBERT W. Monnis, a citizen of the United States, residing in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have invented certain Improvements in Casting-Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to a machine for casting under, pressure articles of metal, glass, alloy, composition, or the like. In the case of ametal casting machine, the ob jects of my invention are to insure the maintenance of the metal in a molten condition and provide for the free flow of the same into the mold; to prevent the possibility of injury to the attendant by contact with molten metal from the machine, and to re duce oxidation of the molten metal and to indicate the temperature of the metal at all times. In thecase of a general casting ma chine, the objects are to prevent incoming volumes 'of air under pressure from agitating the mass; to provide for the opening of the mold and the ejecting of a casting therefrom as the mold moves from the casting to the delivery position; to provide for the automatic withdrawal of the core from the mold as the latter approaches the open= -position, to insure such interlocking of the various operating parts of the machine as to prevent operation of one part until the other parts are in proper positionfor such operation, and generally to effect the operation of the machine without the employment of highly skilled labor.

Ilhese objects I attain in the following manner, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which I have illustrated my invention as applied to a metal castingmachine, although it should be un derstood that it is available for casting any material which is, at the time the casting is made, in a fluid state, or, if plastic, suiticiently so to flow under pressure.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a side view of the machine showing the various parts in the positions assumed by them when the mold is open;

Fig. 2 is a similar view showing the parts in the position assumed by them when the mold is closed and applied to the nozzle for Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. Ill, 1917. Renewed November 9, 1916. Serial No. 130,471.

receiving its discharge of molten metal therefrom;

Fig. 3 is a view partly in central vertical section and partly in elevation looking from the left hand side of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a horizontal section on the line 0-0, Fig. 3;

, Fig. 5 is a horizontal section on the line dd, Fig. 2;

Fig. 6 is a horizontal section on the line ee, Fig. 2;

Y Fig. 7 is an enlarged section of the lower portion of the plug valve which controls the outflow of the molten metal from the nozzle, and

Figs. 8, 9 and 10 are detached views of parts of the machine not fully shown in the other views, Fig. 10 being on an enlarged scale.

The machine has a base plate 1, from which project upwardly four columns 2, upon which is mounted a furnace casing 3 suitably lined with refractory material and having within it a melting pot 4 for the metal or alloy of which the castings are to be made, said melting .pot depending into a combustion chamber 5 within the furnace and projecting through the bottom of the furnace, as shown in Fig. 3. The melting pot extends above. the opening in the top of the furnace casing and has a projecting flange whereby it is supported upon the top plate of the casing, whereby the melting pot and the parts carried thereby can be readily lifted from the furnace when desired or the pot can be as readily reinserted into the furnace.

On each side of the furnace adjacent to the lower portion of the melting pot is a burner 6, preferably having its inner end perforated so as to project a series of flame jets against the lower portion of the melting pot adjacent to the delivery nozzle of the same and thus maintain this portion of the melting pot at such high temperature as to insure the melting of the metal and the maintenance of the same in such a fluid condition that it can readily escape from the nozzle when the valve 7 is lifted so as to open said nozzle. Waste products of commelting pot through a chest 13 and through a passage 14 in the cover plate of said melting pot, flow through said chest 13 being permitted or prevented by the operation of a valve 15 in the manner hereinafter described.

When agitation of the mass contained in the pot 4 is objectionable the air passage 14 discharges into a deflector 16 in the form of an inverted cup mounted upon a downwardly projecting boss on the pot cover so that the air is deflected upwardly against said cover before being permitted to flow downwardly toward the top of the mass in the lower portion of the pot, thereby preventing agitation of the surface of said mass by contact of a forcible jet of air therewith. In the case of molten metal this reduces the oxidation which would otherwise be caused, although oxidation may, if desired, be prevented by using instead of air some gas which will not have an oxidizing effect upon the metal. The melting pot cover has therein an opening through which the metal can be introduced into the pot,

. this opening being normally closed by a plug 17 held in position by means of a looking lever 18, as shown in Fig. 3.

The mold 20 in which the casting is to be made is mounted upon a hollow base 21 and the latter is supported upon a bed 22 which is pivotally mounted adjacent to its corners upon the upper ends of links 23, the latter being pivotally mounted at their lower ends upon a cross head 24 which has a hub 25 fitted to a circular boss 26 projecting upwardly from the base 1, as shown in Fig. 3, said hub normally resting upon a shoulder of the base-"at the bottom-of the projecting stud. Below the bed 22 are a pair of bars 27 likewise mounted, by means of pivots 28, upon the .links 23 and thereby caused to move in planes parallel to the plane of movement of the bed 22 and at the same time to approach {and recede from said bed, the

bars 27 being farthest removed from the I bed when the parts are in the position shown in Fig. 2 with the mold in position to receive the molten metal from the melting pot, and occupying their closest relation to the bed 22 whenthe mold has been drawn to the front of the machine and lowered by the forward swing of the'links 23, as shown in Fig. -1.

by a. link 35 to an arm 36 011 a shaft 37, the

latter being mounted so as to be free to turn in a bearing in the base 1 and being provided at one end with an operating lever 38.

The mold 20 has a core 40 carried by a stem 41 which has a head with side grooves therein, these grooves receiving side flanges on the head 42 of a stem 43, the latter being guided so as to be free to move vertically in a depending stem 44 on the bed 22, as shown in Fig. 3, said stem 44 having on each side arack 45 one of these racks meshing with a pinion 46 and the other with a pinion 47, said pinions being carried by shafts 46 and 47, which are free toturn in suitable hearings on opposite sides of the stem 44 of the bed 22,. as shown in Fig. 5. In the present instance the pinion shaft 46 is provided with a slotted arm 48 coupled by means of a pin 49 to a slotted arm 50 hung upon one of the pivot pins 28 which carrythe bars 27, the result being that when the table 22 and bars 27 are swung forwardly from the position shown in Fig. 2 to that shown in Fig. 1, the arm 48 will be caused to swing rearwardly and the pinion 46 will act upon its respective rack 45 sons to lower the stem 43 and consequently the stem of the core 20, and thereby withdraw the latter from the casting contained in the mold, the 7 core being again projected into the mold as the latter is swung back into place beneath the nozzle of the melting pot.

When it is desired to effect upward movement of the core during the forward swing of the mold and downward movement of said core during the rearward swing of the mold, this can readily be accomplished by shifting the arm 48 from the shaft 46 to the shaft 47, the slotting of the arms 48 and 50 permitting of this readjustment when it is desired. A

Mounted upon the bars 27 by means of legs 51 is across head 52 which carries a series of ejector pins 53, the latter projecting through openings in thebottom of the mold and serving. as the bars 27 approach the bed 22 on the forward swing of the mold, to jectthe casting therefrom, such ejector pinsdropping as the bars 27 move away from the bed 22 on thebackward swing of.

the mold carrier; Similarly mounted by .means of legs 54 up0n-the-bars27 are rails 55 which support the pouring plate 56 of the mold, said plate having formed therein the gates through which the nozzle of the melting pot communicates with the interior of the mold, as shown in Fig. The plate 56 is free to move back and forth on the rails 55 and such movement is automatically effected as the moldcarrier swings from one position to the other, by the means shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, on reference to which it will be noted that the plate 56 has, projecting from each side of it a pin 57 which, during the backward swing of the mold carrier, contacts with an arm 58 depending from the base plate of the furnace 3, thereby moving the cap plate 56 forwardly on the rails 55 and into a position directly above the mold 20, as shown in Fig. 2, suitable stop lugs on the rails 55 preventing undue forward movement of said cap plate by momentum. As the mold carrier swings forwardly the pins 57 contact with posts 2 and move the plate 56 rearwardly on the rails 55 so as to free it from the mold,

as shown in Fig. 1.

At the same time that the plate 56 is moved forwardly into position above the mold the rails 55 are lowered by reason' of the separation of the bars 27 from the bed 22 so as. to deposit the plate upon the top of the mold, and, as the mold carrier swings forwardly and the plate 56 is moved rearwardly, it .is, at the same time, lifted from the top of the mold by reason of the raising of the rails 55 due to the approach of the bars 27 toward the bed 22.

In moving from the casting position to the delivering position the mold swings forwardly and downwardly and in moving from the delivering to the casting position it swings backwardly and upwardly, and when the plate 56 of the mold reaches its final position under the nozzle of the melting pot it bears lightly against the same. In order to prevent escape of metal between the bottom of the nozzle and the top of the pouring plate of the mold a tight joint is required, and in order to insure such tight joint. a slight vertical lift is imparted to the mold and its pouring plate after they reach their proper position beneath the nozzle, such movement being effected by means of a cam 60 (Fig. 10) on the shaft 37, this cam, as the lever 38 approaches its position of rest, acting upon a ball 61 at the lower end of a stem 62 which is free to move vertically in the stud 26 of the base 1 and carries at its upper end a pairof nuts 63 which are adapted to a threaded upper portion of the stem 62 and can be adjusted vertically thereupon as desired, the uppermost of these nuts 63 contacting with the lower end of the depending stem 14 on the bed 22 and serving to lift said bed and the mold carried thereby so as to .jam the upper face of the plate 56 of the mold firmlyagainst the base of the nozzle, such lift of the bed 22 being permitted by reason of the fact that the cross head 24 can rise upon the base stud 26.

As the mold carrying bed 22 swings forwardly the weight of the same and of the parts carried thereby is counterbalanced by means of a weight 64 mounted upon a lever 'tendant is protected from injury in the event of the escape of any molten metal under pressure from'between the melting pot nozzle and the mold. The long arm of the lever 70 is connected by a link 72 to an arm 73 on a shaft 74:, the latter being mounted so as to be free to turn in a bearing on the top of the furnace and having at its inner end a clutch 75 whereby it is engaged with the end of the plug valve 15 which controls the flow of air through the chest 13 On the top of the melting pot, as shown in Fig. 3.

The short arm of the lever 70 has a pin 76 which travels in a slotted link 77 depending from a forked arm 78 on a rock shaft 79,

the latter being mounted so as to befree to turn in suitable bearings on the top of the furnace and having secured to it a lever 80 (see Figs. 8 and 9) this lever having two oppositely projecting arms 80" and 80", the arm 80 serving as a means whereby the lever may be operated independently of the lever 70, when desired, and the arm 80 being forked toembrace the valve rod 7 and engage with a collar 81 thereon. A weighted arm 82 on the lever 70 tends to retain said lever in the position shown in Fig. 1 and to return it to that position after it has been moved therefrom to the position shown in Fig. 2.

The shield 71 is mounted by means of links 83 upon a pair of pivoted arms 84, one on each side of the machine so that it is free to rise and fall, and the arm 84 at one side of the machine is connected by a link 85 to the arm 73 on the air valve operating shaft 74, whereby movement of the lever 7U from the position shown in Fig. 1 to that shown in Fig. 2 effects the movement of the air controlling valve 15 from the closed to the open position and simultaneously lowers the shield 71 from the position shown in Fig. 1 to that shown in Fig. 2, the final result of the forward movement of the lever 7 0 being to effect the opening of the metal controlling valve 7 by reason of contact of the pin 76 with the link 7 7 at the lower end of the slot therein, as shown in Fig. 2. As soon as the by a spring 86 interposed between the collar.

81. on the valve rod and a bracket 87 projecting from the valve chest 13, as shown in Fig. 3, further backward movement of the leverbeing then eflected by means of the weighted arm 82.

When the lever 70 is in theposition shown in Fig. 1, its lower end enters a slot 88 in the frame 32 and displaces from said slot the rear arm of a lever 89 which is pivotally mounted upon said frame 32, the other arm of said lever 89 being forked to engage a pin 90 on the stem of a bolt 91 which is guided in a bearing on the frame 32 and, when the mold is in position beneath the nozzle, engages an opening in the bed 22 so as to lock the same and the mold in proper position beneath said nozzle, projection of the bolt being effected by means of a coiled spring 92 which acts upon a collar '93'on the bolt, as shown in Fig. 4.

As soon, therefore, as the lower end of the arm 70 is withdrawn from the slot 88, in starting its movement from the position shown in Fig. 1 to that shown in Fig. 2, and before movement of said lever has been sufficient to cause the opening of the air controlling valve 15 or the metal controlling valve 7, the reararm of the lever 89 has' been permitted to move into the slot 88 and the locking bolt 91 has been projected into engagement with the mold carrying bed 22 so as to lock the mold in position beneath the nozzle. The lever 70 must be moved to the inner end of the slot 88 before the mold can be lowered from the nozzle and moved forwardly by operation of the lever 38, and as soon as the downward and forward movement of the mold carrier begins the lever 70 is locked in position at the inner end of the slot 88 by means of a bolt 94 which is free to slide in a bearing in the frame 32 and is normally projected by means of a coiled spring 95 acting upon a collar 96 on the-bolt, as shown in Fig. 4.

The rear end of the bolt 94 carries a'pin 97 which is engaged by the forked arm of a lever 98 pivotally mounted on the frame 32 and having another arm 99 which pro- 70 so that the latter can be withdrawn from.

the slot 88 and operated so as to open the air controlling valve 15 and metal controlling valve 7.

It will therefore noted that the mold carrier is unlocked and susceptible of forward movement only when the lever 70 oocupies a position at thebase of its receiving slot 88 and that said lever is locked in this position at all' times except when the mold is in proper position beneath the 'noz zle to receive the molten metal therefrom.

An air pressure pipe 100 has a valved branch 101 with depending flexible connection 102 having a nozzle 103, the stem 'of the valve in said branch 101 being operated so as to open the valve by means of a lever 104 and a depending cordl05 whereby the nozzle 103 can be caused by the attendant to direct a jet of air into the open mold, w'henthe latter is in the position shown in Fig. 1, in order to clear said mold from any small flakes or pieces of metal which may have remained therein after the casting has been ejected therefrom.

The melting pot is equipped with an air pressure gage 106 and with an electric pyrometer 107, thelatter communicating with a thermal couple 108 which is subjected to the heat of the molten metal in the melting pot 4, and in order that this may be conveniently effected without injury to said thermal couple the latter is contained within and protected by the hollow metal-controlling valve 7, as shown in Fig. 7 the flames imposed upon said curved lower portion of the pot are directed downwardly around the nozzle, through the openingin the bottom of the furnace. chamber casing, the result being that the lower portion of the pot and nozzle are always maintained at a very high temperature and the molten metal in this portion of the pot is at all times in a freely fluid condition so as to insure the quick filling of the mold when the While in general the machine will use molds made of metal, such molds are not necessary, as molds made of other material, even sand, may be used in many cases.

I claim:

1. The combination, in a casting machine, of a discharge nozzle, a mold carrier, means for moving the latter in a horizontal direction toward and away from the mold, and means for, at the same time, moving the mold carrier in a vertical direction toward and from the mold. a

2. The combination, in a casting machine, of a discharge nozzle, a mold carrier, and means for operating the same to move the mold in a direction transverse to the direction of discharge of metal from the mold and, at the same time, in a direction parallel with the direction of discharge of metal from the mold.

3. The combination, in a casting machine, of a mold carrier, and a parallel motion device for supporting the same, whereby, as it swings forward and backward, it will at the same time move vertically.

4. The combination, in a casting machine, of a downwardly discharging nozzle, a mold carrier, a support-therefor comprising a parallel motion device whereby the mold as it is moved in a'direction transverse to the direction of discharge from the nozzle is also caused to move in a direction parallel with said discharge, a rock shaft having a crank arm connected to said parallel motion device so as to move the same, and means for rockingsaid shaft.

5. The combination, in a casting machine, of a discharge nozzle, a mold carrier, means for moving the same so as to carry the mold into position to receive the material from the nozzle and into position to deliver the casting from the mold, an ejecting device movable with said mold, and means for withdrawing said ejecting device from the mold during the presentation of the same to the nozzle and projecting so as to eject the casting from the mold as the latter is moved from the nozzle toward the delivering position and means whereby the movement of the mold is caused to effect movement of the ejector.

6. The combination, in a casting machine, of a delivery nozzle, a mold, means for moving the same into position to receive the molten metal from the nozzle and into osition to deliver the casting from the mo (1, a core mounted in and movable with the mold, and means dependent upon the movement of the mold for projecting said core into the mold as the same is moved toward one position and withdrawing the core from the mold as the same is moved toward the opposite position.

. 7. The combination, in a castmg machine, of a mold, means for moving the same into position to receive the molten metal or into 7 position-to deliver the casting from the mold,

a slidingly mounted pouring plate for the 'mold, and means dependent upon the move me-nt of the mold for applying said plate to the mold as the latter is moved'into-the casting position and for withdrawing the plate from the mold as the latter is moved to the delivering position.

8. The combination, in a casting machine, of a mold, a sliding pouring plate therefor, supports for said sliding plate, and means for. raising and lowering said supports.

9. The combination, in a casting machine, of a mold, a sliding pouring plate therefor, supports for said sliding-plate, means for sliding said plate back and forth on said supports, and means for raising said supports when the plate is moved thereon in one direction and for lowering said supports when the plate is moved. thereon in the opposite direction. r

10. The combination, in a casting machine, of a mold carrier, a parallel motion support therefor, an ejector traveling with the same, and an ejector support spaced apart from the mold carrier but mounted upon the parallel motion support therefor, whereby said support swings the ejector carrier will be caused to move from and toward the mold carrier.

11. The combination, in a casting machine, of a mold carrier, a parallel motion support therefor, a cap for the mold, a support therefor, and a carrier for said mold cap support spaced apart from the mold tion support therefor, whereby as the mold carrier swings, the carrier for the mold cap support w1ll be caused to move-from and .toward said mold carrier.

12. The combination, in a casting machine, of a mold having a core which can be projected into or withdrawn therefrom, a core-actuating stem, a movable mold carrier having a spur pinion which engages with a rack on said stem, and means whereby the movement of the mold carrier is caused to operate said pinion.

13. The combination, in a casting machine, of a mold having a core which can be projected into or withdrawn therefrom, a movable mold carrier, a core-actuating stem having racks thereon, pinions engaging said racks, and means whereby the movement of the mold carrier can be imparted to either of said pinions to the exclusion of the other. 7

14. The combination, in 'a casting machine, of a mold, a mold carrier having a parallel motion support, bars mounted upon said parallel motion support but spaced apart from the mold carrier, an ejector device, and pins depending therefrom and resting upon said bars but free to move back and forth over the faces of the same.

15. The combination, in a castmg machine, of a mold, a mold carrier, a parallel motion support for the latter, a air of bars mounted upon the parallel motion support but spaced apart from the mold carrier, a sliding cap for the mold, and a support for said cap'having depending pins which restupon said bars but are free to move back and forth across the supporting faces of the same.

16. The combination, in a casting machine, of a discharge nozzle, a mold carrier, means for moving the mold carrier into and out of position beneath the nozzle, a plunger for raising the mold carrier, a transverse shaft below the mold having a cam for acting upon said plunger, and means for partially rotating said shaft.

17. Thecombination, in a casting machine, of a discharge nozzle, a mold carrier movable into and out of operative position beneaththe nozzle, a plunger for raising the mold carrier, a shaft having a cam for acting upon said plunger, means for actuatin said shaft, and means whereby said shaft is also caused to move the mold carrier into and out of position beneath the nozzle.

18; The combination, in a casting ma-.

chine, of a discharge nozzle, a valve for governing the discharge therefrom, an air supply controlling valve, an operating lever tending to move said valves, and a lost motion connection between said lever and the.

metal controlling valve whereby the air pressure valve will be opened before the opening of the metal controlling valve.

19. The combination, in a casting machine, of a discharge nozzle for molten metal, a valve seated in said nozzle for preventing discharge of the metal therefrom, a mold movable into and out of position beneath said nozzle, a screen movable into protective position during the casting operation and able into protective position during the cast ing. operation and out of protective position while the casting is being dischargedfrom the mold, a valve arm, a movable support for the screen, an operating lever, and connections between said lever and the valve arm and screen support whereby movementboth of the screen and of the air controlling valve is efiected by said. lever.

21. The combination, in a casting machme, of a discharge nozzle, a valve for controllin the discharge therefrom, a screen movi ab e into'and out-of protective position ing said screen and metal controlling valve,

and a lost motion connection between said lever and the metal controlling valve where'- 1 by the screen will be moved into protective position before the-opening of the valve.

22. The combination, in a casting machine, of a discharge nozzle, a valve for governing the discharge from said nozzle, a valve for governing the admission of air under pressure to the material ofwhich the casting is to be made, a screen movable into and out of protective relation to said nozzle, an operating lever common to said metalcontrolling valve, air-controlling valve, and screen, and a lost motion connection between said lever and the metal-controlling valve, whereby the air valve will be opened and the screen adjusted to protective position before the opening of the metal-controlling valve.

23. The combination, in a casting machine, of a discharge nozzle, a mold, a carrier therefor, means for moving the same into position to apply the mold to the nozzle, a discharge controlling valve, a-lever for operating the same, means for locking said lever, and means whereby the application of the mold to the nozzle is caused to release said locking device.

24'. The combination, in a casting inachine, of a discharge nozzle, a'valve for controlling the flow from said nozzle, a mold for receiving the material from said nozzle, means for moving the mold into charging position, a locking device for retaining the mold in that position, and a lever for operating the discharge controlling valve, said lever acting upon the mold locking device to release the same, and bearing such relation to said mold locking device that in order to release the same it must first be moved into position to close the discharge controlling valve.

25. The'combination, in a casting ma chine, of a discharge nozzle, a valve for controlling the discharge therefrom, a lever for actuating said valve, a slotted seat for said lever, means for moving the mold into position beneath the discharge nozzle, and a locking device for said mold having as an element a lever which projects into the seat for the valve-operating lever and is displaced when said lever enters its seat.

26. The combination, in a casting machine, of a discharge nozzle, a valvefor governing the discharge-therefrom, a lever for actuating said valve, a mold for receiving the material from said nozzle, a device for' locking said mold when it is in the charging position, a device for locking the valve operating lever when the valveis closed, and means whereby the position of the meld locking device is dependent upon the position of said valve op'erating lever and the position of the locking device for the latter is dependent upon the position of the mold.

27. A casting machine comprising a receptacle containing molten metal, a die or mold, means controlling the flow of com- 'pressed air into said receptacle, another means controlling the flow of molten metal under the pressure of the compressed air into said die or mold, a shield at one side of said receptacle, and a lever mechanism for ALBERT W. MORRIS.

Witnesses:

KATE A. BEADLE, HAMILTON D. TURNER.

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