US1239869A - Gas-compressor. - Google Patents

Description

l.. BLOCK.

GAS COMPRESSOR.

APPLICATION man emv. so. wxs.

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Pmenmdept. M, i917.

3 SHEETS-SHEET I.

may i Y u www@ L. BLOCK.

GAS COMPRESSOR.

APPLICATIONJILED Nov. so. 1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

L. BLOCK.

`GAS COMPRESSOR. `APPLICATION FILED Novl 3o. 1915.

l. SSM Patented Sept. l1, 1917.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

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Louis encon, or mantenernos, new Yoan.

,eascossoa aesasea The stufling-box usually employed forpack-` ing such joints is objectionable because of the friction induced when the packing is tightly compressed to seal the joint eiiciently, and because of the loss of gas by leakage throu h the joint if the packing be sulhciently re axed to permit easy move-Y ment. Changes in temperature, wear, and other factors render it extremely diiiicult to maintain the packing uniformly in the required relation to the moving part.

The object of this invention is to eliminate the stuiiing-boX and provide 'means whereby the joint between the cylinder-head and pis ton-rod, orother moving part, may be eectually sealed against the escape ofgastherethrough, with a minimum of friction between the fixed and moving parts, and to provide means for receiving and leading to the low-pressure or suction side' of the comstructed in accordance with the invention.

Fig. 2 is a section on a larger scale and partly in elevation, showing a detail of- Fig.

Fig. 3 is a section corresponding to a portionof Fig. 1 and shows a modification.

Fig. 4 is a vertical axial section showing the invention applied to a single-acting vertical compressor. f

Specincation of Letters Patent.

Patentes sept. ai', aait.,

Application iled November 30, 1915. Serial No. 64,255.

Fig. 5' is a vertical central section, partly in elevation showing a pair of compressors of the single-acting inclosed type to which the inventlon is applied in a modified form.

Fig. 6 is an end view of the shaft in Fig. 5.

' Similar letters of reference indicate like parts in all the gures.

Referring to Figs. l and 2, A. is the compressor cylinder having a rear head B and `front head C, containing a piston D arranged to be reciprocated in the cylinder asy usual by a piston-rod E, and equipped with suction and delivery valves and other usual essentials, not shown. v

On the cylinder head C is a tubular eX- tension F flanged exteriorly at the outer end to receive a corresponding flange on a tubular piston-guide G extending inwardly, fitted to and snugly inclosing the piston-rod ll with liberty for the latter to reciprocate therein, and itself inclosed by the extension F but with an annular space f between these parts.

ln the annular space f thus provided between the extension F and guide G is received a sleeve H mounted axially on the piston, surrounding the piston-rod but separated therefrom, as shown, and reciprocating with the piston.

Gas received in the front end of the cylinder through the suction-valve, not shown, fills the s ace outside the sleeve H and is compressed. as usual by the forward movement of the piston but is held away from the piston-rod and the joint between the latter and the guide B by the intervening sleeve. The sleeve is provided with enterior packing-rings J'serving to pack the joint between the sleeve H and extension F, and any gas escaping through such joint 1s received in the space f which is connected by a pipe K t0 a receiver L in communication with the suction-side of the compressor through a pipe M controlled by a checkvalve N. At

the bottom of the receiver is a blow-0F cock R.

The-receiver L contains gas normally at the pressure in the suction-side ofthe system and provides a chamber to which gas in the space fmay be driven and again withdrawn by the reciprocations of the sleeve H without creating excessive changes in pressure, and insures against the formation of a vacuum in the space f. if the accumulation of gas in tha chamber L becomes sufficient to be compressed by the forward reciprocathan that of the suction-side, the chec eater alve N lifts and the excess escapes to the suctionside, thus maintaining the pressure in' the tion of the sleeve H to apreure receiver L and space f at approximately that i of such suction-side. ,l Y

As the pressure in the space f is normally that of the suction-side of the system, the

leakage of gas from such space throughA the long close annular joint between the sleeve I-I and guide G, packed by the rings 71 will be very small andis received in the annular space e surrounding the piston-rod E. -This space is alternately increased and diminished by the reciprocations ofthe piston, and isv incommunication through the passages a, b and c with a chamber d cored in the piston, containing gas at the low pressure of the suction-side and serving the s ame function as the receiver-L above described, in preventingA the formation of a vacuum in the space e and in affording a compartment or recess into which any gas in the space e may be driven at each forward movement of the piston.'

A self-closing valve P located in the passage b is 'subject to the varying pressures of gas'in the space e is being forced into the gas in the rear end of the cylinder, alternating from suction pressure at one end of the strokev to the highpressure of delivery at thepother; when the pressure in the space e and chamber d exceeds that of the suction-l side, the valve P lifts and permits such excess to escape to the cylinder during the suction'stroke of the piston, at which time the chamber d by the approach ,of the piston to the end of the guide l -Thus the pressure in the space' e is held at approximately that of the suction-side, and

f gas under delivery pressure is never in dicompletely relaxed while the compressor is running, and tightened only when the compressor 1s stopped -to guard against slow leakage during thev idle period. v

,In the single-actingl vertical compressor artially shown in Fig. 4, the hollow hub or oss of the piston D1 rovides a chamber al1 I into which leakage rom the space e1 be- Aeo tween the piston-rod E1 and sleeve H1 may ilow and escape through the valve P1 to the suction chamber ofthe compressor, andthe leakage to the space f1 between the guide G1 and extension F1 lows to the receiver L1 and througlf the pipe M1 past the checkvalveull1 to the suctlon-side. The aetionia 1,2s9,see

similar to 'that' above describedpand thisl form may if'preferred be equipped with a stuflingbox as a precautionary measure to be v employed'when the Vmmpressor is idle.

The cubic contents of the chambers d and t d1 preferably should exceed lthe capacity'of the spaces e and e1, and the receivers L and L1 preferably should exceed in capacity the cubic contents of the spaces f and f1, so that if the extensions F and F1, guides E and E1, and sleeves H and H1 are so proportioned as to 'practically fill such spaces at each reciprocation of the pistons D and D1 the gas in such spaces maybe driven into the chambers and receivers without an excessive increase of pressure, and again flow to the spaces on the return stroketo avoid a vacuum therein. I

In the inclosed type of compressor partially illustrated in Fig. 5 the bearingfor the shaft S is lengthened to form an extension F2 and guide G2, shown as cast integra1ly, and provided with an annular recess f2v receiving a sleeve l-I2 secured fto and revolving with 'the shaft and ,performing the same function as the sleeves H and -H1 above described. A stuliingboxl yQ1 maybe provided to guard'against leakage when the compressor is not running.

In al1 the forms shown thevjoint between.

the fixed parts and the moving member, whether the latter be a piston-rod as in Fi land 4 or a shaft as in Fig.` 5,` can never subjected to any pressure higher than the low pressure of the suction side ofthe system.

I claim A v 1. In a compressor of the .character set forth, the combination of a movable meml ber actuating a compressor piston, alfixed guide inclosing'such member, and means inclosing such member and guide and moving with such member in gas tight contact with said guide for excluding gas from the joint between said guide and member.

2. Ina compressor ofthe character set forth, the' combination of a movable mem-v ber actuating a compressor piston, a fixed l guide inclosing suchmember, a fixed extension inclosing said guideand separated therefrom, and a sleeve carried by such n movable member and received in the space between said guide and extension in gas tight contact with said guide.` f

t 3. In a compressor, the combination of a piston, a piston-rod thereon, a sleeve on said piston inclosing said piston-rod and se a-A- `v rated therefrom, and means coacting `wlth said sleeve for isolating said piston-rod from contact' with the gas in the compressor.

et. Ina compressor, the .combination of al cylinder-head, a tubular extension thereon, a xed guide for the latter within said extension, a plston, a plston-rodv hereon, an

a sleeve on said piston movngwith thelat- 13'0 menace a ter and inclosing said piston-rod and received between'sald extension and guide and matching to and received in said extension.

5. In a compressor, the combination of a cylinder-head, a tubular extension thereon, a piston, a piston-rod thereon extending axially of said extension, a tubular guide iny closing said piston-rod and carried by and separated from said extension, and a sleeve on said piston inclosing said piston-rod and separated therefrom, and arranged to reciprocate in the annular space between said extension and guide.

6 In a compressor, the combination of a cylinder-head, a tubular extension thereon, a piston, a piston-rod thereon extending axially of said extension, a tubular guide inclosing said piston-rod and carried by and separated from said extension, and a sleeve on said piston inclosing said piston-rodand separated therefrom, and arranged to reciprocate inthe annular space between said extension and guide, and a passage leading from such space to the suction-side of the compressor. v

7. In a compressor, the combination of a cylinder-head, a tubular extension thereon,

a piston, a piston-rod thereon extending axially of said extension, a tubular guide inclosing said piston-rod and carried byand separated from said extension, a sleeve on said piston inclosing said piston-rod and separated therefrom, and arranged to reciprocate in the annular space between said ex,- tension and guide, a receiver, a pipe leading from such space to said receiver.

8. In a compressor, the combination of a cylinder-head, a tubular extension thereon, a piston, a piston-rodthereon extending axially of said extension, a tubular guide inclosing said piston-rod and carried by and separated from said extension, a sleeve on said piston inclosing said piston-rod and separated therefrom, and arranged to reciprocate in the annular space between said extension and guide, a receiver, a pipe lead-A ing from s'uch space to said receiver, a delivery pipe leading from said receiver to the suction-slde of said compressor, and acheckvalve in said delivery pipe.

v9. In a compressor, the combination of a cylinder-head, a tubular extension thereon,

a piston, a piston-rod thereon extending axially of said extension, a tubular guide inclosing said piston-rod and carrie 'by and separated from said extension, a sleeve on said piston inclosing said piston-rod .and separated therefrom, and arranged to recipsage.

- above set forth I aix closing said piston-rod and carried by and separated from said extension, a sleeve on said piston inclosing said piston-rod and separated therefrom, and arranged to reclprocate in the annular space between said extension and guide, said piston having a chamber therein and a passage leading from the space between said piston-rod and sleeve to said chamber. I

11. In a compressor, the combination of a cylinder-head, a tubular extension thereon, a piston, a piston-rod thereon extending axially of said extension, a tubular guide 1nclosing said piston-rod and carriedrby and separated from said extension, a sleeve on said piston inclosing said piston-rod and separated therefrom, and arranged to reciprocate in the annular space between said extension and guide, said piston having a chamber therein and a passage leading from the space between said piston-rod and sleeve to said chamber, and a delivery passagefrom the latter to the opposite face of the plston, and a self-closing valve in sald dellvery pas- '12. In a compressor, the combination of a cylinder-head, a. tubular extension thereon, a piston, a piston-rod thereon extending axially of said extension, a tubular guide 1n- `closing said piston-rod and carried by and separated from said extension, a sleeve on said piston inclosing said piston-rod and separated therefrom, and arranged to reclprocate in the annular space between sald e'xtension and guide, and packing rmgs on said sleeve between the latter and said extenslon.

13. In a compressor, the combinatlon of a cylinder-head, a tubular extension thereon, a piston, a piston-rod thereon extending axially of said extension, a tubular gulde 1nclosing said piston-rod and carrie by and I'separated from saidr extension, a sleeve on said piston inclosing said piston-rod and separated therefrom, and arranged to reciprocate in the annular space between said extension and guide, and packmgrmgs on said guide between the latter and said sleeve.

In testimony that I clalm the mventlon my signature. v

LOUIS BLCK.

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